Who’s Watching, Sheehan, Cities, Zangana, Fisk, WTI, Gaza, Letter, Met, Pipes

1) Looks like folks are watching when we protest, dangerous folks. The person who posted this site is a friend of one of this list’s readers, so take it as an eyewitness account:

http://www.mindspring.com/~wpoe/RoveCard.htm

2) I think the people who belittle Cindy Sheehan literally have no shame — blowhard overweight males calling this politically charged and bereaved mother a “nut”? Hmm. Gender overtones, anyone? That’ll play well with security moms AND soccer moms. For detailed discussion of this little snatch of Americana, check out www.dailykos.com:

http://www.guardian.co.uk/usa/story/0,12271,1550643,00.html

US right targets anti-war mother
Gary YoungeWednesday August 17, 2005The Guardian

Rightwing criticism of a bereaved mother who is camped outside President George Bush’s Texas ranch in protest at the conflict in Iraq intensified yesterday as her campaign struck a nerve with growing anti-war opinion in the country.

Pro-war commentators characterised her as a “nut” who was being manipulated by the left. The internet gossip Matt Drudge inaccurately claimed that Cindy Sheehan “dramatically changed her account” of one meeting she had with Mr Bush. That claim was then picked up by Fox News and repeated on Slate’s website by the columnist Christopher Hitchens. Hitchens accused Ms Sheehan of “spouting piffle” and lambasted her protest as “dreary, sentimental nonsense”.

Personal attacks on her were set to grow yesterday after her husband of 28 years filed for divorce, citing “irreconcilable differences”. Patrick Sheehan, who was her high school boyfriend, is seeking a share of insurance money and benefits awarded by the US government after their soldier son’s death in Iraq.Ms Sheehan, 48, whose vigil in Crawford, Texas, has attracted huge media coverage throughout the US, has become a lightning rod for both pro- and anti-war campaigners during the past two weeks.

Her son Casey was killed when his unit was attacked by insurgents in Baghdad in April 2004. She wants to meet Mr Bush to discuss the war.

Several other parents who have lost their children in the conflict have joined her protest, as polls show public opposition to the war growing. However, Ms Sheehan has constructed a formidable media machine of her own.

TrueMajority, an anti-war group founded by Ben Cohen, one of the founders of Ben and Jerry’s ice cream, has hired a Washington public relations firm to work with Ms Sheehan. And Joe Trippi, the man largely credited with Democratic hopeful Howard Dean’s early success in last year’s presidential election campaign, organised a conference with Ms Sheehan and liberal internet bloggers.

Despite her domestic rift, Ms Sheehan, from Vacaville, California, refuses to leave her makeshift peace camp in Crawford, which has been dubbed, “Camp Casey” until Mr Bush meets her.
The president, who is spending his summer holiday at the ranch, has expressed sympathy for her, but refuses to meet her. He did however send the national security adviser, Stephen Hadley, and the deputy White House chief of staff, Joe Hagin, to talk to her for 45 minutes.
Ms Sheehan was not impressed. “I think they thought I’d be very impressed and intimidated that these two high-level officials came to talk to this little grieving mother, and that I’d leave,” she said.

Her presence has become a growing problem for the White House, which does not wish to seem heartless to a bereaved mother, but does not wish to be seen giving in to a demand from anti-war protesters.

Tension increased around her campsite yesterday after a pickup truck ran over wooden crosses erected at it, and residents petitioned county leaders to prevent large gatherings near the president’s ranch.

3) More on Cindy Sheehan:

http://news.independent.co.uk/world/americas/article306158.ece

The grieving mother who took on George Bush Cindy Sheehan’s soldier son Casey was killed nearBaghdad. Now her one-woman protest at the gates of theUS president’s Texas ranch has become a metaphor for anation’s increasing unease about involvement in anunwinnable conflict.

By Rupert Cornwell
Published: 16 August 2005

Something strange is taking place deep in the heart ofTexas, where the President of the United States isholed up at his Prairie Chapel ranch, a few miles fromthe town of Crawford. There, in the space of a fewdays, a middle-aged Californian, whose soldier sondied in Iraq, has become arguably the best-known womanin the US.

On one level, the attention generated by 48-year-oldCindy Sheehan – from the hitherto obscure town ofVacaville, an hour’s drive north-east of San Francisco- merely proves the old adage that, like nature, thenews business cannot tolerate a vacuum.

Obedient to the tradition that an American Presidentmust be covered 24 hours a day, 365 days a year(including holidays) dozens of White House reportersare having to spend this sweltering August on theplains of central Texas as George Bush takes hiscustomary extended summer vacation.

Normally, hard news barely extends beyond barbecuefund raisers, a few minutely choreographed butcontent-free trips to “meet ordinary Americans,” andthe odd Presidential excursion to a little leaguebaseball game. This year however manna has descendedin the desert for the media mini-horde.

What started as a one-woman protest has turned intometaphor for a country’s growing disillusion at anincreasingly unwinnable war. Ms Sheehan, personable,sincere, articulate, and bereaved of a son, has turnedinto the human face of this disillusion.

The Lone Star State too has been contributing an extradash of colour – most notably on Sunday when LarryMattlage, a local farmer who rents his land tonetworks for a view of the President’s 1,600 acrespread, fired his shotgun twice into the air, sendingreporters into a frenzy and an ever-nervousPresidential secret service into apoplexy.

He claimed he was merely warming up for the dovehunting season: “I ain’t threatening nobody, and Iain’t pointing a gun at nobody,” he said. “This isTexas.” But in the next breath Mr Mattlage made clearthe real source of his exasperation, the human dovesat Ms Sheehan’s camp which is now in to its 10th day.”Five weeks of this is too much,” he complained,referring to Ms Sheehan’s vow to remain throughout thePresident’s holiday unless he talks to her.

But her “camp-in” is anything but a hollow summerstunt. Never has the Iraq war been so unpopular. MostAmericans now think the US-led invasion of 2003 was amistake, and by a margin of almost two to onedisapprove of Mr Bush’s handling of it. Like MsSheehan, they want some or all of the 138,000 UStroops in Iraq brought home, and soon.

Even Republicans are becoming queasy at theimplications for next year’s mid-term elections, ifthe present violence and bloodshed continues. Atelling sign is how even conservative talk-show hostssuch as Bill O’Reilly of Fox News, normally the mostreliable of cheerleaders for the administration, havebecome withering in criticism of Donald Rumsfeld, theDefence Secretary.

Casey Sheehan, 24, was killed in a firefight when hisunit was attacked by Shia militias south of Baghdad on4 April 2004, just a fortnight after he arrived inIraq. When he died, the public mood about the war wasstarting to waver, but was still broadly supportive.That is no longer.

The loss of 14 Marines in the roadside bombing nearHaditha on 3 August – the deadliest incident
yet ofits kind – brought home as never before therelentlessly rising cost of a conflict in which almost1,850 US soldiers have now died.

Three days after Haditha, Cindy Sheehan s
et up camp ata junction in the road three miles south of thePresident’s ranch – as near as the Secret Servicewould permit. As the national media latched on to thestory, “Camp Casey” grew. By Sunday evening more than100 people were camped there, including some who haddriven 1,000 miles or more. A few leave, but othersarrive to take their place. For several hours duringthe day, their numbers were swollen by hundreds ofanti-war protesters.

Small white crosses bearing the names of dead soldiersmake an impromptu roadside shrine. Banners havesprouted on the trees, while supporters across thecountry send daily consignments of flowers. Half adozen dark green Porta-Potties now give a temporarypermanence to the scene – as have the local policeofficers urging sightseers to move on. At least onecelebrity has shown up too, in the person of ViggoMortensen of Lord of the Rings fame.

As public attention has grown, Ms Sheehan’s protesthas acquired a highly-professional veneer. She is aco-founder of Gold Star Families for Peace, ananti-war group that has demanded the impeachment of MrBush, and is no media neophyte. A PR firm fromWashington has is on the spot to co-ordinate andmaximise press coverage.

On Saturday – the day after Mr Bush’s motorcade sweptpast Camp Casey without stopping, en route to a $2mfundraiser for Texas Republicans – Gold Star Familieseven spent $15,000 on a television advert. In theadvert, Ms Sheehan declares: “All I wanted was an hourout his extended vacation time, but he’s refused tomeet with me and other military families. We just wanthonest answers.”

Meanwhile Joe Trippi, the 2004 Presidential campaignmanager of Howard Dean, has organised pro-Cindy blogs,while Michael Moore, director of Fahrenheit 9/11 and aprofessional anti-Bush agitator, has made over hiswebsite to the cause. The protest moreover may bespreading: a rally in support of Camp Casey wasscheduled for yesterday afternoon in Union Square,Manhattan.
The stakes are growing, and supporters of Mr Bush aremounting their own counter offensive. Across the roadfrom Ms Sheehan and her followers, more than 200supporters of the President staged their own rally onSunday, holding signs branding Ms Sheehan a traitor.Bill O’Reilly’s diatribes against Mr Rumsfeld have notstopped him labelling her “treasonous,” while othershave seized upon divisions within the Sheehan family.

Ms Sheehan and her husband separated because of theirdifferences over the war and her increasing activismafter Casey’s death. Last week, some of her in-lawsissued a bitter statement accusing Ms Sheehan of”promoting her own personal agenda and notoriety atthe expense of her son’s good name.” Other opponentshave noted that she did indeed meet Mr Bush, in June2004 and seemed then well satisfied with theencounter. So why, they ask, has she suddenly changedher tune, accusing the President of being callous anduncaring when he met her? Ms Sheehan explains that herjudgement a years ago was still blinded by grief. Theargument is squalid and demeaning. But it is a sign ofjust how nasty this fight may yet become.

In public, the White House is hoping to ride out theembarrassment. The day after Ms Sheehan arrived, itsent out Stephen Hadley, the President’s nationalsecurity adviser to talk to her. She described themeeting as “pointless”. But the White House plainlyreckons it has done enough. Mr Bush last week said hehad thought “long and hard” about Ms Sheehan’sposition.

But there has been no indication he will bow to herdemand for a face-to-face session – at least not incircumstances that smack of a media circus.

Whether this “do-nothing” strategy succeeds depends onevents. A PR battle with a grieving mother who haslost a son in a controversial war and who comes acrossso well on television is one no President wouldrelish. On the other hand, even a White House presscorps with little else to report may become bored.Perhaps some new crisis at home or abroad will sweepCamp Casey off the front pages. Or an encampment ofwar supporters may sprout forth, as a rival focus forthe media.

Perhaps the growing professionalism of the Sheehanmovement will have the public come to see it as justanother political campaign, akin to the “Swiftboat”controversy that engulfed Vietnam war hero John Kerrybefore the 2004 election, or the current rowsurrounding the leak of the name of CIA agent ValeriePlame.

On the other hand, another Haditha might transform MsSheehan’s protest into a national movement. A fewdozen more US servicemen dead, and yet more Americanswould be wondering why on earth their young soldiersare fighting and dying in Iraq, at the hands of aninsurgency that seems to draw strength and inspirationfrom the US military presence. Mr Bush’s ratings woulddecline further, and “Camp Casey” might go down inhistory as the moment when this President lost Americaand, with it, his war.

Cindy Sheehan herself is under few illusions about thelimits of her mission, how even she may not escapeAndy Warhol’s “15 minutes of fame” rule. “Somethingmight happen and this won’t be the story anymore,” sheadmits. But I don’t want this to end. Ending the waris the story.”
Something strange is taking place deep in the heart ofTexas, where the President of the United States isholed up at his Prairie Chapel ranch, a few miles fromthe town of Crawford. There, in the space of a fewdays, a middle-aged Californian, whose soldier sondied in Iraq, has become arguably the best-known womanin the US.

On one level, the attention generated by 48-year-oldCindy Sheehan – from the hitherto obscure town ofVacaville, an hour’s drive north-east of San Francisco- merely proves the old adage that, like nature, thenews business cannot tolerate a vacuum.

Obedient to the tradition that an American Presidentmust be covered 24 hours a day, 365 days a year(including holidays) dozens of White House reportersare having to spend this sweltering August on theplains of central Texas as George Bush takes hiscustomary extended summer vacation.

Normally, hard news barely extends beyond barbecuefund raisers, a few minutely choreographed butcontent-free trips to “meet ordinary Americans,” andthe odd Presidential excursion to a little leaguebaseball game. This year however manna has descendedin the desert for the media mini-horde.

What started as a one-woman protest has turned intometaphor for a country’s growing disillusion at anincreasingly unwinnable war. Ms Sheehan, personable,sincere, articulate, and bereaved of a son, has turnedinto the human face of this disillusion.

The Lone Star State too has been contributing an extradash of colour – most notably on Sunday when LarryMattlage, a local farmer who rents his land tonetworks for a view of the President’s 1,600 acrespread, fired his shotgun twice into the air, sendingreporters into a frenzy and an ever-nervousPresidential secret service into apoplexy.

He claimed he was merely warming up for the dovehunting season: “I ain’t threatening nobody, and Iain’t pointing a gun at nobody,” he said. “This isTexas.” But in the next breath Mr Mattlage made clearthe real source of his exasperation, the human dovesat Ms Sheehan’s camp which is now in to its 10th day.”Five weeks of this is too much,” he complained,referring to Ms Sheehan’s vow to remain throughout thePresident’s holiday unless he talks to her.

But her “camp-in” is anything but a hollow summerstunt. Never has the Iraq war been so unpopular. MostAmericans now think the US-led invasion of 2003 was amistake, and by a margin of almost two to onedisapprove of Mr Bush’s handling of it. Like MsSheehan, they want some or all of the 138,000 UStroops in Iraq brought home, and soon.

Even Republicans are becoming queasy at theimplications for next year’s mid-term elections, ifthe present violence and bloodshed continues. Atelling sign is how even conservative talk-show hostssuch as Bill O’Reilly of Fox News, normally the mostreliable of cheerleaders for the administration, havebecome withering
in criticism of Donald Rumsfeld, theDefence Secretary.
Casey Sheehan, 24, was killed in a firefight when hisunit was attacked by Shia militias south of Baghdad on4 April 2004, just a fortnight after he arrived inIraq. When he died, the public mood about the war wasstarting to waver, but was still broadly supportive.That is no longer.

The loss of 14 Marines in the roadside bombing nearHaditha on 3 August – the deadliest incident yet ofits kind – brought home as never before therelentlessly rising cost of a conflict in which almost1,850 US soldiers have now died.

Three days after Haditha, Cindy Sheehan set up camp ata junction in the road three miles south of thePresident’s ranch – as near as the Secret Servicewould permit. As the national media latched on to thestory, “Camp Casey” grew. By Sunday evening more than100 people were camped there, including some who haddriven 1,000 miles or more. A few leave, but othersarrive to take their place. For several hours duringthe day, their numbers were swollen by hundreds ofanti-war protesters.

Small white crosses bearing the names of dead soldiersmake an impromptu roadside shrine. Banners havesprouted on the trees, while supporters across thecountry send daily consignments of flowers. Half adozen dark green Porta-Potties now give a temporarypermanence to the scene – as have the local policeofficers urging sightseers to move on. At least onecelebrity has shown up too, in the person of ViggoMortensen of Lord of the Rings fame.As public attention has grown, Ms Sheehan’s protesthas acquired a highly-professional veneer. She is aco-founder of Gold Star Families for Peace, ananti-war group that has demanded the impeachment of MrBush, and is no media neophyte. A PR firm fromWashington has is on the spot to co-ordinate andmaximise press coverage.

On Saturday – the day after Mr Bush’s motorcade sweptpast Camp Casey without stopping, en route to a $2mfundraiser for Texas Republicans – Gold Star Familieseven spent $15,000 on a television advert. In theadvert, Ms Sheehan declares: “All I wanted was an hourout his extended vacation time, but he’s refused tomeet with me and other military families. We just wanthonest answers.”

Meanwhile Joe Trippi, the 2004 Presidential campaignmanager of Howard Dean, has organised pro-Cindy blogs,while Michael Moore, director of Fahrenheit 9/11 and aprofessional anti-Bush agitator, has made over hiswebsite to the cause. The protest moreover may bespreading: a rally in support of Camp Casey wasscheduled for yesterday afternoon in Union Square,Manhattan.
The stakes are growing, and supporters of Mr Bush aremounting their own counter offensive. Across the roadfrom Ms Sheehan and her followers, more than 200supporters of the President staged their own rally onSunday, holding signs branding Ms Sheehan a traitor.Bill O’Reilly’s diatribes against Mr Rumsfeld have notstopped him labelling her “treasonous,” while othershave seized upon divisions within the Sheehan family.

Ms Sheehan and her husband separated because of theirdifferences over the war and her increasing activismafter Casey’s death. Last week, some of her in-lawsissued a bitter statement accusing Ms Sheehan of”promoting her own personal agenda and notoriety atthe expense of her son’s good name.” Other opponentshave noted that she did indeed meet Mr Bush, in June2004 and seemed then well satisfied with theencounter. So why, they ask, has she suddenly changedher tune, accusing the President of being callous anduncaring when he met her? Ms Sheehan explains that herjudgement a years ago was still blinded by grief. Theargument is squalid and demeaning. But it is a sign ofjust how nasty this fight may yet become.

In public, the White House is hoping to ride out theembarrassment. The day after Ms Sheehan arrived, itsent out Stephen Hadley, the President’s nationalsecurity adviser to talk to her. She described themeeting as “pointless”. But the White House plainlyreckons it has done enough. Mr Bush last week said hehad thought “long and hard” about Ms Sheehan’sposition.

But there has been no indication he will bow to herdemand for a face-to-face session – at least not incircumstances that smack of a media circus.

Whether this “do-nothing” strategy succeeds depends onevents. A PR battle with a grieving mother who haslost a son in a controversial war and who comes acrossso well on television is one no President wouldrelish. On the other hand, even a White House presscorps with little else to report may become bored.Perhaps some new crisis at home or abroad will sweepCamp Casey off the front pages. Or an encampment ofwar supporters may sprout forth, as a rival focus forthe media.

Perhaps the growing professionalism of the Sheehanmovement will have the public come to see it as justanother political campaign, akin to the “Swiftboat”controversy that engulfed Vietnam war hero John Kerrybefore the 2004 election, or the current rowsurrounding the leak of the name of CIA agent ValeriePlame.

On the other hand, another Haditha might transform MsSheehan’s protest into a national movement. A fewdozen more US servicemen dead, and yet more Americanswould be wondering why on earth their young soldiersare fighting and dying in Iraq, at the hands of aninsurgency that seems to draw strength and inspirationfrom the US military presence. Mr Bush’s ratings woulddecline further, and “Camp Casey” might go down inhistory as the moment when this President lost Americaand, with it, his war.

Cindy Sheehan herself is under few illusions about thelimits of her mission, how even she may not escapeAndy Warhol’s “15 minutes of fame” rule. “Somethingmight happen and this won’t be the story anymore,” sheadmits. But I don’t want this to end. Ending the waris the story.”

4) Here’s an Iraqi reader complaining to Juan Cole about US media coverage of Iraqi politics, and he’s right on (and Juan Cole is even sometimes guilty of the same simplification detailed below). Basically, Iraq is not just about Sunni, Shi’i, and Kurd. Not by any stretch:

www.juancole.com

It’s the Cities, Stupid

An Iraqi reader writes in to complain about thetendency of Western analysts to focus on “tribes” intheir political analyses. He says the action is in thecities, where urban elites are the future of thecountry.

‘ It is remarkable how the “experts” on Iraq ignorethe most important section of Iraqi society: thenon-tribal millions centred in Baghdad, Basra, Mosul,Kirkuk and some other large cities. These may wellbelong to tribes and may even be religious, but aretotally independent. They regard their Sheikhs [triballeaders], if they know who they are, almost as a lowercast: Asha’ir (Tribal people) who are consideredclumsy, thuggish, and worst of all obeying the tribesrather than following their principles or thecountry’s institutions.

Until the 1980’s Iraq enjoyed the best health,education and other governement service, while thetribal areas were, and still are, quite backward andeven primitive, while the cities were as advanced assouth western Europe. The non-tribal Iraqis, call themNationalist if you like, have had no place in Bush’sIraq because the Americans promoted tribalism from dayone in the hope of controlling Iraq by buying itsSheiks and Mullahs. This policy worked in Afghanistanand Kurdistan because these are collections of self-ruled tribal areas, and not real countries, but have failed in Iraq’s large cities with their complex relationships and mobile population.
These urban Iraqis are critical for the future of Iraqbecause of their skills and patriotism – do notconfuse them with the corrupt Ba’athists though. TheIraqi ministries now are paralysed by the corrupt andincomptent relatives and friends appointed by theMullahs and Sheikhs who now rule Iraq, which is beingtransormed into a failed state. The militias andterrorists decide what happens to the people of Iraq.The Constitution and state Institutions are irrelevan
tno matter how much fuss is made about them.

The Nationalists, who are more likely to be highlyeducated professionals do not have militias, but canleave the country in droves. Thousands already have,and the country can not function without themregardless of who is in power. The bizzare collectionof “Iraq Leaders” today are fighting over spoils thatdo not exist. The Oil money is not enough even forbasic needs, and the failed economy and services willsooner or later trigger national revolt. Unlike othernations, millions of ordinary civilians have AK47s intheir homes, and plenty of military training. ‘

5) Haifa Zangana on Women’s Rights, Western NGOs, and the great US experiment in Iraq. Having been associated with Western NGOs in Iraq…I see her point:

http://www.guardian.co.uk/Iraq/Story/0,2763,1550651,00.html

Chewing on meaningless words

The battle over the constitution is regarded by mostIraqi women, confined to their homes by theoccupation, as an irrelevance

Haifa Zangana
Wednesday August 17, 2005
The Guardian

A prominent group of Iraqi women who backed theUS-British invasion recently met the Americanambassador in an effort to pressure the politiciansdrawing up Iraq’s constitution not to limit women’srights. Western feminist groups and some Iraqi womenactivists fear that Islamic law, if enshrined as amain source of legislation, will be used to restricttheir rights, particularly in relation to marriage,divorce and inheritance. The US claims to share thisconcern. Iraqi women generally do not.

To understand why, perhaps we need to remember thatthis constitution is being written in a war zone, in acountry on the verge of a civil war. This process isdesigned not to represent the Iraqi people’s need fora constitution but to comply with an imposed timetableaimed at legitimising the occupation. The draftingprocess has increasingly proved a dividing, ratherthan a unifying, process. Under Saddam Hussein, we hada constitution described as “progressive and secular”.It did not stop him violating human rights, women’sincluded. The same is happening now. The militias ofthe parties heading the interim government areinvolved in daily violations of Iraqis’ human rights,women’s in particular, with the US-led occupation’sblessing. Will the new constitution put an end to thisviolence?

Most Iraqi women try to cope sensitively with thepredicament of dealing with the occupation and therise of reactionary practices affecting their rightsand way of life. This applies across the political andclass spectrum, to the secular left as much as tomoderate Islamists and nationalists. Most also feelthat the constitution is not their priority, and thatthose writing such a crucial document should be ableto think clearly, to think of tomorrow. To do that onemust be free of today’s fears and able to enjoy basichuman rights, such as walking safely in the streets.Iraqi women cannot.

Despite all the rhetoric of “building a newdemocracy”, Iraqis are buckling under the burdens andabuse of the US-led occupation and its local Iraqisub-contractors. Daily life for most Iraqis is still astruggle for survival. Human rights under occupationhave proved, like weapons of mass destruction, to be amirage. Torture and ill-treatment – even the tortureof children in adult facilities – is widespread.Depleted uranium and other banned weapons have beenused against Iraqi cities by occupying troops.

Iraqi women were long the most liberated in the MiddleEast. Occupation has largely confined them to theirhomes. A typical Iraqi woman’s day begins with thestruggle to get the basics: electricity, petrol or acylinder of gas, water, food and medication. It endswith a sigh of relief at surviving death threats andviolent attacks. For most women, simply to venture onto the street is to risk being attacked or kidnappedfor profit or revenge. Young girls are sold toneighbouring countries for prostitution.

In a land awash with oil, 16 million Iraqis rely onmonthly food rations for survival. None has
beenreceived since May. Privatisation threatens freepublic services. Acute malnutrition among children hasdoubled. Unemployment, at 70%, has fuelled poverty,prostitution, backstreet abortions and honourkillings. Corruption and nepotism are rampant in theinterim government. Gender is no obstacle: LaylaAbdul-Latif, the minister of transport in AyadAllawi’s administration, is under investigation forcorruption.

A quota system imposed by Paul Bremer, the former headof the Coalition Provisional Authority, ensureswomen’s participation in the interim government, thenational assembly and the committee appointed to writethe constitution. Iraqi women’s historical struggleagainst colonial domination, and for national unity,social justice and legal equality, has been reduced tobickering among a handful of “women leaders” overnominal political posts.

Powerless, holed up in guarded areas, venturing out indaylight only with armed escorts, and lacking anycredibility among Iraqi women, the failure of these”leaders” is catastrophic. Like their male colleagues,they have adopted a selective, largely US-orientedapproach to human rights. The suffering of theirsisters in cities showered with napalm, phosphorus andcluster bombs by US jets, the death of an estimated100,000 Iraqis (half of them women and children), ismet with rhetoric about training women for leadershipand democracy.

Documents released in March by the American CivilLiberties Union highlight more than a dozen cases ofrape and abuse of female detainees, and reveal that noaction was taken against any soldier or civilianofficial as a result – and that US troops havedestroyed evidence, to avoid a repetition of lastyear’s Abu Ghraib scandal.

The silence of female National Assembly members andinterim-government and US-financed women’s NGOs isdeafening. In Iraq, “women’s rights” is an absurddiscourse chewing on meaningless words. No wonder thatthe US-funded NGOs, which preach western-style women’srights and democracy, are regarded as vehicles forforeign manipulation and are despised and boycotted,even when they recruit liberal or left personalities.

Iraqi women know that the enemy is not Islam. There isa strong antipathy to anyone trying to conscriptwomen’s issues to the racist “war on terror” targetedagainst the Muslim world. Most Iraqi women do notregard traditional society, exemplified by theneighbourhood and extended family, however restrictiveat times, as the enemy. In fact, it has in practicebeen the protector of women and children, of theirphysical safety and welfare, despitelowest-common-denominator demands on dress andpersonal conduct. The enemy is the collapse of thestate and civil society. And the culprit is theforeign military invasion and occupation.

· Haifa Zangana is an Iraqi-born novelist and formerprisoner of Saddam’s regime; a version of this articleappeared in the Cairo weekly Al-Ahram

haifa_zangana@yahoo.co.uk

6) Robert Fisk is back in Iraq, providing eyewitness accounts from the ground. He’s can sometimes be melodramatic and less than careful with details, but he’s there and we’re not:

http://www.robert-fisk.com/

http://news.independent.co.uk/world/fisk/article305558.ece
http://www.selvesandothers.org/article10933.html

There’s the wreckage of a car bomb that killed seven Americans on the corner of a neighbouring street. Close by stands the shuttered shop of a phone supplier who put pictures of Saddam on a donkey on his mobiles. He was shot three days ago, along with two other men who had committed the same sin. In the al-Jamia neighbourhood, a US Humvee was purring up the road s
o we gingerly backed off and took a side street. In this part of Baghdad, you avoid both the insurgents and the Americans – if you are lucky.

Yassin al-Sammerai was not. On 14 July, the second grade schoolboy had gone to spend the night with two college friends and – this being a city without electricity in the hottest month of the year – they decided to spend the night sleeping in the front garden. Let his broken 65 year-old father Selim take up the story, for he’s the one who still cannot believe his son is dead – or what the Americans told him afterwards.

“It was three-thirty in the morning and they were all asleep, Yassin and his friends Fahed and Walid Khaled. There was an American patrol outside and then suddenly, a Bradley armoured vehicle burst through the gate and wall and drove over Yassin. You know how heavy these things are. He died instantly. But the Americans didn’t know what they’d done. He was lying crushed under the vehicle for 17 minutes. Um Khaled, his friends’ mother, kept shouting in Arabic: “There is a boy under this vehicle.”

According to Selim al-Sammerai, the Americans’ first reaction was to put handcuffs on the two other boys. But a Lebanese Arabic interpreter working for the Americans arrived to explain that it was all a mistake. “We don’t have anything against you,’’she said. The Americans produced a laminated paper in English and Arabic entitled “Iraqi Claims Pocket Card” which tells them how to claim compensation.

The unit whose Bradley drove over Yassin is listed as “256 BCT A/156 AR, Mortars”. Under “Type of Incident”, an American had written: “Raid destroyed gate and doors.” No one told the family there had been a raid. And nowhere – but nowhere – on the form does it suggest that the “raid’’ destroyed the life of the football-loving Yassin al-Sammerai.

InsideYassin’s father’s home yesterday, Selim shakes with anger and then weeps softly, wiping his eyes. “He is surely in heaven,” one of his surviving seven sons replies. And the old man looks at me and says: “He liked swimming too. “

A former technical manager at the Baghdad University college of arts, Selim is now just a shadow.He is half bent over on his seat, his face sallow and his cheeks drawn in. This is a Sunni household in a Sunni area. This is “insurgent country” for the Americans, which is why they crash into these narrow streets at night. Several days ago, a collaborator gave away the location of a group of Sunni guerrillas and US troops surrounded the house. A two-hour gun-battle followed until an Apache helicopter came barrelling out of the darkness and dropped a bomb on the building, killing all inside.

There is much muttering around the room about the Americans and the West and I pick up on this quickly and say how grateful I am that they have let a Westerner come to their home after what has happened. Selim turns and shakes me by the hand. “You are welcome here,” he says. “Please tell people what happened to us.” Outside, my driver is watching the road; it’s the usual story. Any car with three men inside or a man with a mobile phone means “get out”. The sun bakes down. It is a Friday. “These guys take Fridays off,” the driver offers by way of confidence.
“The Americans came back with an officer two days later,” Selim al-Sammerai continues. “They offered us compensation. I refused. I lost my son, I told the officer. ’I don’t want the money – I don’t think the money will bring back my son.’ That’s what I told the American.” There is a long silence in the room. But Selim, who is still crying, insists on speaking again.

“I told the American officer: ’You have killed the innocent and such things will lead the people to destroy you and the people will make a revolution against you. You said you had come to liberate us from the previous regime. But you are destroying our walls and doors.’”

I suddenly realise that Selim al-Sammerai has straightened up on his seat and his voice is rising in strength. “Do you know what the American said to me? He said, ’This is fate.’ I looked at him and I said, ’I am very faithful in the fate of God – but not in the fate of which you speak.’”

Then one of Yassin’s brothers says that he took a photograph of the dead boy as he lay on the ground, a picture taken on his mobile phone, and he printed a picture of it and when the Americans returned on the second day they asked to see it. “They asked me why I had taken the picture and I said it was so people here could see what the Americans had done to my brother. They asked if they could borrow it and bring it back. I gave it to them but they didn’t bring it back. But I still kept the image on my mobile and I was able to print another.” And suddenly it is in my hands, an obscene and terrible snapshot of Yassin’s head crushed flat as if an elephant had stood upon it, blood pouring from what had been the back of his brains. “So now, you see,” the brother explains, “the people can still see what the Americans have done.”
In the heat, we slunk out of al-Jamia yesterday, the place of insurgents and Americans and grief and revenge. “When the car bomb blew up over there,” my driver says, “the US Humvees went on burning for three hours and the bodies were still there. The Americans took three hours to reach them. Al the people gathered round and watched.” And I look at the carbonised car that still lies on the road and realise it has now become a little icon of resistance. How, I ask myself again, can the Americans ever win?

7) Although it’s hard to know if this World Tribunal on Iraq will accomplish much in the end, it’s good to see people still beating the drums — these are the same folks who held the late June WTI in Istanbul. Next meeting, NYC:

Dear friends and signers of the NION statements,

We are very excited to announce that we will be sponsoring an International Commission of Inquiry on Crimes Against Humanity Committed by the Bush Administration.

As the charter for the commission states, “When the possibility of far-reaching war crimes and crimes against humanity exists, people of conscience have a solemn responsibility to inquire into the nature and scope of these acts and to determine if they do in fact rise to the level of war crimes and crimes against humanity.” (see http://www.nion.us/Commission/call-charter.htm)
We intend to fulfill that responsibility with your help.

The commission will meet in New York in October and will consider evidence on four specific issues: 1) Wars of Aggression, with particular reference to the invasions and occupations of Iraq and Afghanistan. 2) Torture and Indefinite Detention, with particular reference to the abandonment of international standards concerning the treatment of prisoners of war and the use of torture. 3) Destruction of the Global Environment, with particular reference to systematic policies contributing to the catastrophic effects of global warming. 4) Attacks on Global Public Health and Reproductive Rights, with particular reference to the genocidal effects of forcing international agencies to promote “abstinence only” in the midst of a global AIDS epidemic.

The commission’s impact will flow from its rigor in the presentation of evidence, and the stature of its participants. Our goal is to continue to build the impact of the Not In Our Name statements and the World Tribunal on Iraq by holding a court of inquiry that will both frame and fuel a discussion that is urgently needed in this country: Is the administration of George W.
Bush guilty of war crimes and crimes against humanity?
With your help we intend to prove it before a panel of distinguished legal experts and voices of
conscience. We are currently pulling together attorneys and well-known experts in the various fields to draw up indictments. The proceedings will be streamed live on the internet and will be available
to the entire world.

We need to make a down payment on a major venue this week if this is to happen on the scale that is demanded. We urge you to go to our web site an make a generous contribution to make this happen (http://www.nion.us/NSOC/sign.htm). We are suggesting a minimum contribution of $100 because the costs are enormous, but all contributions are welcome and deeply appreciated.

As we say in the second Not In Our Name statement: “No election, whether fair or fraudulent, can legitimize criminal wars on foreign countries, torture, the wholesale violation of human rights, and the end of science and reason.” Let us now act to make good on our commitment.
Thanking you for your continuing support,

Tony AlessandriniBrian DroletLarry EverestClark KissingerBarbara OlshanskyEmna Zghal
The commission working group(you may contact us at commission@nion.us)

8) Here’s a fairly solid analysis of what’s to be done with Iraq:

What America Needs to Do to Achieve Its Foreign Policy Goals …Dealing with Terrorism
WILLIAM R. POLK
http://hnn.us/articles/14132.html
What is now being done about terrorism has proven ineffective. We begin with misunderstanding what “terrorism” is.1 It is not a thing, a place or a group. To speak of waging war on it is vacuous. It is simply a tactic which is used in desperation by those who do not have power comparable to those they regard as their enemies. It is the weapon of the weak….

9) Gaza Withdrawal and Palestinian Politics:

Daily Star “impressed by the sensible attitude” of ATFP

An unsigned editorial in today’s edition of the Daily Star (Lebanon) praises the position taken by the American Task Force on Palestine (ATFP) regarding the Israeli disengagement from the Gaza Strip and parts of the northern West Bank. The editorial can be read online at:

http://www.dailystar.com.lb/article.asp?edition_id=10&categ;_id=17&article;_id=17619

The Daily Star (Lebanon)Monday, August 15, 2005

The Gaza withdrawal is right because it conforms to international law.

The Israeli withdrawal from the occupied Gaza Strip that should be finalized this week has triggered a range of opinions of biblical flood proportions, with sensible advice coupled with some truly bizarre perspectives. Some commentators have stressed the pain that the withdrawn settlers feel. One particularly extreme Israeli newspaper, Hatzofeh, reminded its readers this weekend that “Today is the Ninth of [the Hebrew month of] Av, the day of the destruction of the Temples, and we are on the verge of a new destruction – the destruction of the communities of Gush Katif.” The paper also noted that the 1492 decree which expelled the Jews from Spain also took effect on the Ninth of Av and added that “a little over 500 years later and Jews are again being expelled from their homes.”

This kind of Israeli self-centered, masochistic extremism is precisely the wrong approach to take in analyzing the Gaza withdrawal. It is also a major reason why Israelis and Arabs have been waging war against each other for a century.

The plain fact is that the Israeli colonization of Gaza and the West Bank is contrary to international law and United Nations Security Council resolutions, and with every decade of occupation and colonization a more radical and militant Palestinian resistance movement has developed in response.

It is a shame that no Israeli government official has summoned the courage and honesty to say that Israel should withdraw from Gaza because compliance with international law is the route to peace with the Palestinians.

This is why we are impressed by the sensible attitude of the American Task Force on Palestine (ATFP), whose president this weekend issued a statement urging all parties to take the necessary measures to ensure a coordinated and effective Israeli disengagement from the Gaza Strip and parts of the northern West Bank, so that the process of peace-making can proceed quickly.

ATFP President Ziad J. Asali said: “We call on all three national leaderships involved – American, Palestinian and Israeli – to do everything within their power to ensure that these important changes not only are managed in a smooth and orderly manner, but that they lay the basis for continued progress towards an end to the conflict based on the creation of a Palestinian state living alongside Israel in peace.”

The is the right thing to do because it conforms with the rule of law, ensures all concerned their national rights, and helps promote peace, security and development for all the region.

10) The London Metropolitan Police really don’t look very good here:

http://www.guardian.co.uk/attackonlondon/story/0,16132,1550565,00.html

New claims emerge over Menezes death

· Brazilian was held before being shot· Police failed to identify him· He made no attempt to run away

Rosie Cowan, Duncan Campbell and Vikram Dodd
Wednesday
August 17, 2005
The Guardian

The young Brazilian shot dead by police on a Londontube train in mistake for a suicide bomber had alreadybeen overpowered by a surveillance officer before hewas killed, according to secret documents revealedlast night.

It also emerged in the leaked documents that earlyallegations that he was running away from police atthe time of the shooting were untrue and that heappeared unaware that he was being followed.

Relatives and the dead man’s legal team expressedshock and outrage at the revelations.
Scotland Yardhas continued to justify a shoot-to-kill policy.

Jean Charles de Menezes died after being shot on atube train at Stockwell station in south London onJuly 22, the morning after the failed bomb attacks inLondon.

But the evidence given to the Independent PoliceComplaints Commission (IPCC) by police officers andeyewitnesses and leaked to ITV News shows that farfrom leaping a ticket barrier and fleeing from police,as was initially reported, he was filmed on CCTVcalmly entering the station and picking up a freenewspaper before boarding the train.

It has now emerged that Mr de Menezes:

· was never properly identified because a policeofficer was relieving himself at the very moment hewas leaving his home;
· was unaware he was being followed;
· was not wearing a heavy padded jacket or belt asreports at the time suggested;
· never ran from the police;
· and did not jump the ticket barrier.

But the revelation that will prove most uncomfortablefor Scotland Yard was that the 27-year-old electricianhad already been restrained by a surveillance officerbefore being shot seven times in the head and once inthe shoulder.

The documents reveal that a member of the surveillanceteam, who sat nearby, grabbed Mr de Menezes before hewas shot: “I heard shouting which included the word’police’ and turned to face the male in the denimjacket.

“He immediately stood up and advanced towards me andthe CO19 [firearms squad] officers … I grabbed themale in the denim jacket by wrapping both my armsaround his torso, pinning his arms to his side. I thenpushed him back on to the seat where he had beenpreviously sitting … I then heard a gun shot veryclose to my left ear and was dragged away on to thefloor of the carriage.”

The leaked documents and pictures showed the failuresin the police operation from the time Mr de Menezesleft home.

A surveillance officer admitted in a witness statementthat he was unable to positively identify Mr deMenezes as a suspect because the officer had b
eenrelieving himself when the Brazilian left the block offlats where he lived.

The police were on a high state of alert because ofthe July 7 and July 21 bombings, and had been briefedthat they may be called upon to carry out new tactics- shooting dead suspected suicide bombers in order toavoid another atrocity.

The IPCC investigation report states that the firearmsunit had been told that “unusual tactics” might berequired and if they “were deployed to intercept asubject and there was an opportunity to challenge, butif the subject was non-compliant, a critical shot maybe taken”.

But it now appears, that contrary to earlier claims,Mr de Menezes was oblivious to the stakeout operation.On the morning of July 22, police officers were inScotia Road, Tulse Hill, watching a property theybelieved contained one or more of the would-be bomberswho had tried to detonate four bombs on Londontransport less than 24 hours before.

One firearms officer is quoted as saying: “The currentstrategy around the address was as follows: no subjectcoming out of the address would be allowed to run andthat an interception should take place as soon aspossible away from the address trying not tocompromise it.”
But the report shows that there was a failure in thesurveillance operation and officers wrongly believedMr de Menezes could have been one of two suspects.

The leaked papers state: “De Menezes was observedwalking to a bus stop and then boarded a bus,travelling to Stockwell tube station.

“During the course of this, his description anddemeanour was assessed and it was believed he matchedthe identity of one of the suspected wanted forterrorist offences … the information was passedthrough the operations centre and gold command madethe decision and gave appropriate instructions that deMenezes was to be prevented from entering the tubesystem. At this stage the operation moved to code redtactic, responsibility was handed over to CO19.”

CCTV footage shows Mr de Menezes was not wearing apadded jacket, as originally claimed, and that hewalked calmly through the barriers at Stockwellstation, collecting a free newspaper before going downthe escalator. Only then did he run to catch thetrain.

A man sitting opposite him is quoted as saying:”Within a few seconds I saw a man coming into thedouble doors to my left. He was pointing a small blackhandgun towards a person sitting opposite me. Hepointed the gun at the right hand side of the man’shead. The gun was within 12 inches of the man’s headwhen the first shot was fired.”

A senior police source last night told the Guardianthat the leaked documents and statements gave anaccurate picture of what was known so far about theshooting. But the IPCC refused to confirm thedocuments were genuine adding: “Our priority is todisclose any findings direct to the family, who willclearly be distressed that they have receivedinformation on television concerning his death.”

The home secretary, Charles Clarke, said: “It iscritically important for the integrity of theindependent police investigating process that nopressure is put upon the IPCC before their full reportis published and that no comment is made until thattime.”

Harriet Wistrich, lawyer for the family, said: “Thereis incompetence on the part of those watching thesuspect and a serious breakdown of communication.”

Asad Rehman, spokesman for the family’s campaign,called for a public inquiry. “This was not anaccident,” he said. “It was serious neglect. Clearly,there was a failure both in police intelligence and onan operational level.”

11) Here’s a twist on the Nigerian Bank letter scams. Apparently, THE PEOPLE WANT A CUT!:

Good day to you.

My name is FRANK HUSSEY i am an American soldier, I amserving in the military of the 1st Armoured Division in Iraq, we havejust been posted to leave Iraq and go back to Germany. I am now in South Africa at the mean time, I and my superior moved funds belonging to Saddam Hussein, the total is $25,000,000.00 (Twenty Five million US dollars) this money is being kept safe in a security company.

Click on this link to read about even that took placehere
http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/middle_east/2988455.stm

Basically since we are working for the government wecannot keep these funds, but we want to transfer and move the funds to you, so that you can keep it for us in your safe account or an offshore account. We will divide the total funds in three ways, since we are 3 that is involved. This means that you will take 30%, I will take 30%, and my superior will take 30%. 10% will be kept aside for expenses.

This business is confidential, and it should not bediscussed with anyone. There is no risk involved whatsoever. If you are interested I will send you the full details, my job is to find a good partner that we can trust and that will assist us. Can I trust you? When you receive this letter, kindly send me an e-mail signifying your interest including your most confidential telephone/fax numbers for quick communication also your contact details.

This business is risk free. Please reply me via thisemail address:

Respectfully submitted hussey_frank@hotmail.com

YOURS SINCERELY,Sgt. FRANK HUSSEY

12) And to think, this fellow was on the board of directors last year for the US Institute of Peace. Nobel prize for Pipes, anyone?:

The End of Treason
by Daniel Pipes
New York Sun
August 16, 2005
http://www.danielpipes.org/article/2865

News reports from Britain indicate that three Islamist leaders in that country – Omar Bakri Mohammed, Abu Uzair, and Abu Izzadeen – could face treason charges.

The first two of them said, after the July 7 attacks in London, that they would not warn the police if they knew of plans to carry out another bomb attack in Britain. The third praised the London bombings for making the British “wake up and smell the coffee.”

But are treason charges realistic? Not terribly, For starters, Mr. Mohammed has fled and some Islamists are not British citizens. For another, as an official, Lord Carlile, pointed out, there is probably not “a lawyer still alive and working who has ever appeared in any part of a treason case.” Indeed, Britain has seen no application of the Treason Act – originally passed in 1351 – since 1966, except for two minor instances.

This absence points to a deeper reality: the crime of treason is now as defunct as blue laws, prohibition of alcohol, or laws banning miscegenation. I predict that, short of radical changes, no Western state will again prosecute its citizens for treason.

Until recently treason was a powerful concept. The U.S. Constitution defines it as “levying war against [the United States], or in adhering to [its] enemies, giving them aid and comfort.” Famous traitors in history include Benedict Arnold, Vidkun Quisling, and Lord Haw-Haw.
The law of treason was always difficult to apply but now it is impossible, as illustrated by the case of the American Talib, John Walker Lindh. Captured on a battlefield in Afghanistan bearing arms against his countrymen, treason charges clearly applied to him. But he was charged with lesser offences and pled guilty to even more minor ones such as “supplying services to the Taliban.”

Why this collapse? Because the notion of loyalty has fundamentally changed. Traditionally, a person was assumed faithful to his natal community. A Spaniard or Swede was loyal to his monarch, a Frenchman to his republic, an American to his constitution.

That assumption is now obsolete, replaced by a loyalty to one’s political community – socialism, liberalism, conservatism, or Islamism, to name some options. Geographical and social ties matter much less than of old.

The Boer War of 1899-1902 marked an initial milestone in this evolution, when an important segment of the British public vocally opposed its government’s war arguments and actions. For the first time, a faction dubbed “Little Englanders” openly defied the authorities and called for ending the war effort.

Another bellwether came during World War I, when the incompetence of the Allied military leaders led to a massive alienation from government. A third came during the French war in Algeria, when angry intellectuals such as Jean-Paul Sartre effectively called for the murder of their fellow-citizens: “To shoot down a European is to kill two birds with one stone, to destroy an oppressor and the man he oppresses.”

This alienation reached full florescence during the Vietnam war, when American dissidents waved Vietcong flags and chanted pro-Hanoi slogans (“Ho ho, Ho Chi Minh, NLF is gonna win”).
Israel offers an extreme case of internal subversion. Arabs, one-sixth of the population, owe little allegiance to the Jewish state and sometimes openly call for violence against it or oppose its very existence. Some Jewish academics have also called for Arab violence. This climate has even led to several cases of Jews assisting Arab terrorists.

At present, loyalty to one’s home society is no longer a given; it must be won. Conversely, hating one’s own society and abetting the enemy is common. “Traitor,” like “bastard,” has lost its stigma.

This new situation has profound implications. In warfare, for example, each side must compete
to attract the loyalty of both its own and the enemy’s population. In World War II, the Allies fought Germany and Japan; now, they focus not on whole countries but on the Taliban or Saddam Hussein, hoping to win Afghan or Iraqi allegiance.

This can lead to novel complexities: in the build-up to the Iraq war of 2003, anti-war organizations in the West effectively took Saddam Hussein’s side, while the coalition in turn emphasized its Iraqi supporters. In the war on terror, the battle to win allegiances looms large and is fluid.

Treason as a concept is defunct in the West. To succeed in war, governments need take this change into account.

Posted in Uncategorized | 1 Comment

Klein, Prison Account, Abramoff, Shlaim, Sardar, Zinn, Sharabi, Sheehan,

1) Naomi Klein, right on as usual:

http://www.guardian.co.uk/comment/story/0,3604,1548419,00.html

Racism is the terrorists’ greatest recruitment tool

The problem in Britain is not too much multiculturalism but too little

Naomi Klein Saturday August 13, 2005

The Guardian

Hussein Osman, one of the men alleged to have participated in London’s failed bombings on July 21, recently told Italian investigators that they prepared for the attacks by watching “films on the war in Iraq”, La Repubblica reported. “Especially those where women and children were being killed and exterminated by British and American soldiers … of widows, mothers and daughters that cry.”It has become an article of faith that Britain was vulnerable to terror because of its politically correct anti-racism. Yet the comments attributed to Osman suggest another possible motive for acts of terror against the UK: rage at perceived extreme racism. And what else can we call the belief – so prevalent that we barely notice it – that American and European lives are worth more than the lives of Arabs and Muslims, so much more that their deaths in Iraq are not even counted?

It’s not the first time that this kind of raw inequality has bred extremism. Sayyid Qutb, the Egyptian writer generally viewed as the intellectual architect of radical political Islam, had his ideological epiphany while studying in the United States. The puritanical scholar was shocked by Colorado’s licentious women, it’s true, but more significant was Qutb’s encounter with what he later described as America’s “evil and fanatic racial discrimination”.By coincidence, Qutb arrived in the United States in 1948, the year of the creation of the state of Israel. He witnessed an America blind to the thousands of Palestinians being made permanent refugees by the Zionist project. For Qutb, it wasn’t politics, it was an assault on his core identity: clearly Americans believed that Arab lives were worth far less than those of European Jews.

According to Yvonne Haddad, a professor of history at Georgetown University, this experience “left Qutb with a bitterness he was never able to shake”. When Qutb returned to Egypt he joined the Muslim Brotherhood, leading to his next life-changing event: he was arrested, severely tortured and convicted of anti-government conspiracy in a show trial.

Qutb’s political theory was profoundly shaped by torture. Not only did he conclude that his torturers were subhuman infidels, he stretched that categorisation to include the entire state that ordered this brutality, including the Muslim civilians who passively lent their support to Nasser’s regime.

Qutb’s vast category of subhumans allowed his disciples to justify the killing of “infidels” – now practically everyone – as long as it was done in the name of Islam. A political movement for an Islamic state was transformed into a violent ideology that would lay the intellectual groundwork for al-Qaida. In other words, so-called Islamist terrorism was “home-grown” in the west long before the July 7 attacks – from its inception it was the quintessentially modern progeny of Colorado’s casual racism and Cairo’s concentration camps.
Why is it worth digging up this history now? Because the twin sparks that ignited Qutb’s world-changing rage are currently being doused with gasoline: Arab and Muslim bodies are being debased in torture chambers around the world and their deaths are being discounted in simultaneous colonial wars, at the same time that graphic digital evidence of these losses and humiliations is available to anyone with a computer. And once again, this lethal cocktail of racism and torture is burning through the veins of angry young men. Qutb’s history carries an urgent message for today: it’s not tolerance for multiculturalism that fuels terrorism; it’s tolerance for barbarism committed in our name.

Into this explosive environment has stepped Tony Blair, determined to pass off two of the main causes of terror as its cure. He intends to deport more people to countries where they will likely face torture. And he will keep fighting wars in which soldiers don’t know the names of the towns they are levelling. (To cite just one recent example, an August 5 Knight Ridder report quotes a marine sergeant pumping up his squad by telling them, “these will be the good old days, when you brought … death and destruction to – what the fuck is this place called?” Someone piped in helpfully, “Haqlaniyah.”)

Meanwhile, in Britain, there is no shortage of the “evil and fanatic racial discrimination” that Qutb denounced. “Of course, too, there have been isolated and unacceptable acts of a racial or religious hatred,” Blair said before unveiling his 12-point terror-fighting plan. “But they have been isolated.” Isolated?

The Islamic Human Rights Commission received 320 complaints of racist attacks in the wake of the bombings; The Monitoring Group, a charity that provides assistance to victims of racial harassment, has received 83 emergency calls; Scotland Yard says hate crimes are up 600% from this time last year. And last year was nothing to brag about: “One in five of Britain’s ethnic-minority voters say that they considered leaving Britain because of racial intolerance,” according to a Guardian poll in March.

This last statistic shows that the brand of multiculturalism practised in Britain (and France, Germany, Canada … ) has little to do with genuine equality. It is instead a Faustian bargain, struck between vote-seeking politicians and self-appointed community leaders, one that keeps ethnic minorities tucked away in state-funded peripheral ghettoes while the centres of public life remain largely unaffected by seismic shifts in the national ethnic makeup. Nothing exposes the shallowness of this alleged tolerance more than the speed with which Muslims deemed insufficiently “British” are being told to “get out” (to quote the Conservative MP Gerald Howarth).

The real problem is not too much multiculturalism but too little. If the diversity now ghettoised on the margins of western societies – geographically and psychologically – were truly allowed to migrate to the centres, it might infuse public life in the west with a powerful new humanism. If we had deeply multi-ethnic societies, rather than shallow multicultural ones, it would be much more difficult for politicians to sign deportation orders sending Algerian asylum seekers to torture, or to wage wars in which only the invaders’ dead are counted. A society that truly lived its values of equality and human rights, at home and abroad, would have another benefit too. It would rob terrorists of what has always been their greatest recruitment tool: our racism.

· Research assistance was provided by Andréa Schmidt; a version of this column was first published in The Nation

2) Follow this link to the harrowing account of an Iraqi blogger arrested by the Iraqi government a couple of weeks ago for basically reading the news at his University’s computer lab:

http://secretsinbaghdad.blogspot.com/

3) The same guy — Abramoff — who buys a boat/casino from a man who ends up mysteriously murdered is the same guy supporting a “sniper school” in the occupied West Bank? Oh yeah, and he’s a known Republican lobbyist with ties to Tom Delay. Doesn’t supporting a sniper school in the occupied West Bank constitute material support for terrorists? One presumes that the school is not part of the Israeli military. Would an Arab-American supporting a sniper school in the occupied West Bank be charged under the Patriot Act?:

http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2005/06/22/AR2005062200921.html

http://www.forbes.com/business/services/2005/08/12/abramoff-suncruz-casinos-cz_mf_0812abramoff.html

4) This is an extensive biography of Avi Shlaim, an Israeli historian of Iraqi Jewish origins who argues that the Israeli governments were always those who rejected peace overtures back in the 50’s and 60’s:

http://www.haaretz.com/hasen/spages/611505.html

No peaceful solution By Meron Rapoport And apparently, despite his very innocent appearance,with his curls and his slow speech, Avi Shlaim – thethird and least familiar member of the group of newhistorians – knows that he is a sort of enemy of thepeople, and even enjoys it with refined Britishenjoyment. And now he has come to Israel, armed withhis book, “The Iron Wall: Israel and the Arab World.”

After reading the 573 pages of the book, one canunderstand why Sharon and Livnat do not want Shlaim tobe taught here: in very readable prose, based onfacts, he surveys the history of Israel’s contactswith the Arab world from 1948 to 2000, and statesdecisively (“The job of the historian is to judge,” hesays) that the Israeli story that Israel has alwaysstretched out its hand to peace, but there was nobodyto talk to – is groundless. The Arabs have repeatedlyoutstretched a hand to peace – says Shlaim – andIsrael has always rejected it. Each time with adifferent excuse.

Among the new historians, Avi Shlaim is the most”classical.” Benny Morris began as a journalist with aconscience, served time in a military prison forrefusal to serve in Lebanon, and from thisstarting-point, came to write the “new history” aboutthe creation of the refugee problem. Ilan Pappe was anactivist in the non-Zionist left even before he wentto complete his doctoral studies at Oxford…

5) This aim of this article is a bit ambitious in its scope — I’ve seen people point out precise opposite conclusions whenever trying to measure something so enormous as political trends within 20 % of the world’s population. Still, some of it’s compelling:

http://www.newstatesman.com

Islam: the tide of change

Cover story

Ziauddin Sardar

Monday 8th August 2005

The Muslim world is not the medieval monolith we inthe west often imagine. Ziauddin Sardar toured some ofits most populous and important countries, meetingsenior leaders and thinkers, and he returned hopeful
May Allah forgive the BBC. The particular enormity? Adecision to send me, in the BBC’s words, “on an epicjourney through the Muslim world”. My mission: to talkto heads of government, intellectuals and opinionleaders and discover what has changed, what ischanging and what could change.

We in the west suffer from a sort of tunnel visionabout the Muslim world. For a start, we often speakand think of it as primarily Arab, where in fact onlyone Muslim in six is an Arab. We also tend to see itas static and rigid – it can appear, if there is anymovement going on, that it is all in one direction,towards extremism and fundamentalism. This, too, is afalse picture.

My voyages for the BBC took me to Pakistan, Indonesia,Malaysia, Morocco and Turkey, an itinerary thatincluded some of the most populous and importantMuslim nations. Everywhere I went I found courageousprogressives engaged in a battle of ideas withconservatives. Each country had a different Islam, adifferent dynamic and a different way of addressingthe issue of change, but that change is taking placeis beyond dispute. And yet all this is largelyinvisible to us in the west.

Take Pakistan, where the 7 July bombers allegedlyacquired their conservative ideological stiffening. Ithas been identified as a hotbed of militancy, a globalcentre for anti-progressive indoctrination. Thatmilitancy is a creation of the west, encouraged by theUnited States and Britain during the war against theSoviet Union in Afghanistan. Now that those fightershave turned on Pakistan as well as the west, theburden of containing them falls on President PervezMusharraf, the military ruler who likewise came topower with the tacit approval of the US and Britain.Can he deliver what we expect him to deliver?

We met at the Army House in Rawalpindi, abode of allmilitary dictators of Pakistan. Before the interviewthe BBC crew and I were searched, our mobile phoneswere confiscated, our filming equipment wasscrutinised. Eventually we were taken to the Sun Room,a large conservatory where we found samurai swords,state-of the-art music and cinema equipment and fineHavana cigars. “This is where the president comes torelax,” we were told.

General Sultan, chief press officer to the president,arrived to instruct us how we should film, and momentslater another crew arrived. “They are going to filmyou filming the president,” we were told, “for our ownrecord.” Other aides drifted in, and by the timeGeneral Musharraf sat down to talk the room was socrowded we could hardly move.

The extremists are being fought with “enlightenedmoderation”, he declared. “It’s a two-prongedstrategy.” Pakistan had to reject extremism andterrorism and opt for religious moderation andsocio-economic development. The west, particularlyAmerica, has to change its foreign policy. Musharrafis genuinely concerned about the extremist threat -“If this country goes on the path to extremism,Pakistan’s future will be very dark,” he said – but Ithink his power to change his country is more limitedthan many in the west imagine.
Those words “enlightened moderation” are a carefullychosen weapon Musharraf is using against the Islamicparties, which are widely seen these days as groups ofignorant fanatics. His main foe on that front is QaziHussain Ahmad, leader of Jamaat-e-Islami and head ofthe coalition of right-wing religious parties. I methim, too, in rather different circumstances. At hisbungalow in Islamabad the only security was a solitarybodyguard, yet the deputy leader of his party had justbeen murdered and his own car had been firebombed theprevious day. It is not clear who was responsible. Helooked shaken but spoke with defiance. “Pakistan wasfounded on Islamic ideology,” he said. “We want thesharia as the foundation of this country.” Qazi findsnothing unjust in the sharia law, which has hadofficial authority in Pakistan for 25 years. “It isall about protecting human dignity,” he told me.

Clinging blindly to ideas that are losing credibilityall around him, Qazi cut a sad, beleaguered figure. Ifhe is anything to go by, the Islamic parties have nofuture, for most people I spoke to in Pakistan told avery different story, and one of which we hear littlein the west. They repeatedly expressed openresentment, both towards the military and the Islamicparties, and a great deal of their anger is focused onthe sharia law, which they see as unjust andoppressive. Not only are they rejecting the sharia butthey are also questioning the central ideology ofPakistan – the ideology used to legitimise militaryrule. The very things the conservatives want to ban -music, art, fashion – are being employed by thesepeople to create a modern, confident Pakistan. And,much to the horror of the conservatives, women are inthe driving seat.

If Pakistan poses a threat to the rest of the world itdoes not come from these people, or from Qazi and hisconservatives. It lies elsewhere, and the west justcannot see it. The most obnoxious religious zealots inthe country wear the uniform of the military, and whathappened after my interview with Musharraf was aperfect illustration of the army’s mentality. GeneralSultan, who had been sitting behind the presidenttaking notes throughout, called us over and proceededto review the interview line by line. “Can you cutthis sentence out?” he asked. “And that sentence; andthis word in the sentence after that?” The producerand I looked at each other in amazement.

The army has the habit of controlling everything. Therichest, most politically active and mostzealot-ridden institution in Pakistan, it helpedcreate the Taliban and the jihadi madrasas, and itpropped up the religious opposition. It was the formermilitary ruler, General Zia ul-Haq, who enshrined thesharia in law. Those who think Pakistan’s militaryrulers will rescue them from extremism are barking upthe wrong tree.
What is most surprising to a visitor from the west isthat, despite the military, an alternative,progressive interpretation of Islam is gainingstrength. This is the force that can lead Pakistan outof its darkness; these are the people – not Musharrafand his supporters – who need our backing in the fightagainst extremism.
While Pakistan still struggles with its militaryrulers, Indonesia, the world’s most populous Muslimnation, has emerged from a long military dictatorship.Here, the impact of democracy is evident. In Jakarta Imet Ulil Abshar Abdalla, founder of the Liberal IslamNetwork (JIL). In his mid-thirties, Ulil was educatedat local seminaries and is a highly qualifiedreligious scholar. What is needed, he says, is”freedom to think, to question”. Indonesia has a greattradition of intellectual debate and politicaldissent, and democracy has given that tradition itshead.

The outcome is a radically transformed relationshipbetween Islam and the state. Conventionally, Muslimshave shaped the debate in terms of the “Islamic state”- that is, a state ruled by Islam with sharia as thestate law. The progressive and liberal groups inIndonesia now seek to redirect political Islam towardsshaping a civic society. And in the words of AbdulMukti, the youth leader of Muhammadiyah, anorganisation with more than 40 million followers: “Itis time to rethink Islam without the sharia.”
I have not seen that kind of boldness anywhere else,and yet it comes from within Muslim history: itrepresents a revival of the rationalist tradition ofIslam. Liberal scholars and thinkers are using arational, as opposed to literal, interpretation ofIslamic texts. They view religious faith as a relativeconcept and believe in the separation of religion andstate. This approach is the talk of the town inJakarta. We even filmed the broadcast of the country’sfirst mainstream television programme devoted toexploring rationalist and pluralistic interpretationsof Islam. This is not the medieval Islam of westerncaricature, but something open and dynamic.

I believe the changes ushered in by democratic liberalthought in Indonesia are irreversible. Conservativeforces are in retreat, even if they are not goingquietly. Several fatwas have been issued against Ulil.”Are you worried?” I asked. He laughed. “I think a lotof people are upset at what we have to say, but manyother people are happy.” In July the conservativereligious scholars of the Indonesian Ulama Councilissued another fatwa. Liberalism, secularism andpluralism “contradict Islamic teachings”, it said,while the JIL and Muhammadiyah Youth IntellectualsNetwork were “deviant”. The last hurrah of a dyingtradition.
While Indonesia is being transformed from the grassroots, its neighbour Malaysia is being changed fromthe top. For a quarter of a century it was ruled bythe fiercely independent and authoritarian MahathirMohamad, who shaped it as a developed and wealthycountry, a shoppers’ paradise. In 2003, Mahathir’smantle passed to Abdullah Ahmad Badawi, who took overas prime minister. He is a man with ideas about thefuture of Islam.
I interviewed him in Putrajaya, the new administrativecentre, which looks like a 1950s Hollywood set for anArabian Nights epic. Apart from a lonely guard at thegate of his residence, there was no security. Badawistruck me as deeply religious and passionate. “My ideaof progressive Islam,” he insisted, “is nothing new.”The prime minister calls his interpretation “IslamHadhari”, deliberately using the classic Islamic termfor urban culture and civilisation. He wants theMuslims of Malaysia to focus on cultural and economicdevelopment and embrace modernity wholeheartedly.”There is nothing in Islam that is against modernityor against progress,” he says. The emphasis on urbanculture is deliberate – the conservative Islam of theIslamic party Pas is largely confined to rural areas.So by focusing on urban development and urban civicculture, Badawi is pitting his interpretation againstconventional, traditionalist notions of Islam.Moreover, while the traditionalists emphasise thepast, Islam Hadhari emphasises the present and thefuture. While the conservatives focus on piety, IslamHadhari focuses on practicality.
Malaysia is a deeply conformist society. UnlikeIndo-nesia, it does not have a strong intellectualtradition. Everything revolves around the personalityand authority of the prime minister. If Badawi tellshis citizens to be tolerant and modern, the likelihoodis that they will be tolerant and modern.
During a break in our interview I asked: “What do youdo besides running the country? Do you collect stamps,or play chess?” His face lit up. “I collect walkingsticks,” he replied. Soon he was showing off hiscollection, drawn from all over the world, in varioustypes of wood, simple and ornate. Badawi does not looklike a man who would beat his citizens with sticks andyet under his leadership Malaysia has descended intocorruption and censorship – and Islam Hadhari itselfhas been tainted with those authoritarian colours. Forall that, Islam Hadhari is not itself the problem andI am convinced it can have a wide appeal for Muslims.Again, it does not conform to the west’s ideas aboutmodern Islam, but we in Britain should be payingattention.

In a closed society, too, profound changes can comefrom the top. This is what is happening in Morocco.King Mohammed VI, under pressure from women andprogressive groups, has been respon-sible forreshaping the sharia. The 41-year-old monarch hasreligious authority as well as political power, andwhen he said “change” even the religious scholarschanged. A new Islamic family law, known locally asthe Moudawana and based on original Islamic sources,overturns 1,200 years of Islamic legalism and legalhistory, giving equal rights to women, children andminorities.

I was hoping to interview the king, but the nearest Icould get was Andre Azoulay, one of the king’s fivemain advisers. A tall, elegant Jew, he has an officein the royal palace, a city within a city screened bymany layers of security. Azoulay spokeenthusiastically about his Jewish heritage, the king’sreforms and his love of music, though when I suggestedMorocco was not so much a democracy as an absolutistmonarchy, his charm evaporated.

However, others I met in Morocco – women’s rightsadvocates, family law judges and religious scholars -all emphasised one thing: the new law is proof againstconservative Muslims who argue that the sharia, beingdivine, cannot change. It shows that there areresources in Islam that can be used to usher inmodernity. Copies of the new law are being widely soldon the streets of Rabat and Casablanca. Even inconservative Fez, I discovered, it is the talkingpoint of women young and old.

So, at the geographic extremes of the Muslim world, Imet a paradox. The most profound change was occurringin an authoritarian state, Morocco, and there debatecame as a consequence. In more democratic Indonesia,change is openly debated and urged, but its progresswill be messy and will require time.
I had one more country to visit: Turkey. UnlikeMorocco’s king, the Turk-ish prime minister, RecepTayyip Erdogan, was accessible, even if his securitywas overbearing. I interviewed him as we walked in thegarden of Dolmabahce Palace and so attentive were hismany bodyguards that it was difficult to keep them atarm’s length.

Despite his background in conservative Islam, Erdoganis a democrat with no time for Islamic obscurantism.Far from rejecting Europe and its values, the Turkishleader believes European values emanate from Islamichumanistic traditions. He sees Europe as a naturalally, one that can protect the democratic f
orces inTurkey against the excesses of Ataturk’s militarylegacy. More than anything else, he said, we arepragmatic.

That pragmatism is transforming Turkey. The economy isbooming; the currency is newly reissued, dispensingwith its multiple noughts; the air in Istanbul isbreathable again, a change begun in his years as thecity’s mayor. Legislation has been introducedrestricting the involvement of the army in politics.Erdogan is living proof that not only can Muslimschange but that they can change their politics. Thisis an essential point and one that we ignore at ourperil. Our foreign policy, politics and outlooktowards the Muslim world should be based on thisrealisation.

From Morocco to Indonesia, desire for change spans theMuslim world, and progressive change is happening. Ittakes different forms in all the countries I visited,but there are also common threads. Having made myjourney, I returned with a cautious optimism. Sweetreason may yet win the day.

Battling for the Soul of Islam will be broadcast onBBC2, 12 September, 9pm-10.30pm

6) This writer’s definitely got a point — but I think neo-colonial wars and devaluation ofsubalterns’ lives has a lot more to do with Londonbombings than whether Muslims drink or not. In other words, I don’t think there’s primarily a moral war afoot, but rather an anti-imperial war. Still, he’s got a point about the ideological origins:

www.newstatesman.com

The struggle for Islam’s soul

Cover story

Ziauddin Sardar

Monday 18th July 2005

Terror in the UK – Most Muslims abhor violence, yetthe terrorists are a product of a specific mindsetthat has deep roots in Islamic history. If Muslimsrefuse to confront this, we will all be prey to moreterror, writes Ziauddin Sardar

At about the time the bombs were going off in London,bulldozers were demolishing sacred historic sites inMecca and, in Delhi, a group of women wasdemonstrating against an “inhuman” fatwa ordering arape victim to renounce her husband. Three seeminglyunconnected violent acts. But they weave a threadhighlighting a question we Muslims just cannot ignore:why have we made Islam so violent?

Within hours of the London atrocity, Muslim groupsthroughout Britain condemned the bombing, declaring inunequivocal terms that such acts had nothing to dowith Islam. “Religious precepts,” declared the MuslimCouncil of Britain, “cannot be used to justify suchcrimes, which are completely contrary to our teachingand practice.” The eminently sensible Imam Abdul JalilSajid, chairman of the Muslim Council for Religiousand Racial Harmony UK, announced: “No school of Islamallows the targeting of civilians or the killing ofinnocents. Indiscriminate, senseless and targetedkilling has no justification in Islam.” The tenor ofthese statements is: these are the acts ofpathologically mad people; Islam has nothing to dowith it.
But Islam has everything to do with it. As DrGhayasuddin Siddiqui, director of the MuslimInstitute, points out: “The terrorists are usingIslamic sources to justify their actions. How can onethen say it has nothing to do with Islam?”

It is true that the vast majority of Muslims abhorviolence and terrorism, and that the Koran and variousschools of Islamic law forbid the killing of innocentcivilians. It is true, as the vast majority of Muslimsbelieve, that the main message of Islam is peace.Nevertheless, it is false to assume that the Koran orIslamic law cannot be used to justify barbaric acts.The terrorists are a product of a specific mindsetthat has deep roots in Islamic history. They arenourished by an Islamic tradition that isintrinsically inhuman and violent in its rhetoric,thought and practice. They are provided solace andspiritual comfort by scholars, who use the Koran andIslamic law to justify their actions and fan thehatred.

As a Muslim, I am deeply upset by the attacks, themore so now I know they were the work of BritishMuslims. But, as a Muslim, I also have a duty torecognise the Islamic nature of the problem that theterrorists have thrown up. They are acting in the nameof my religion; it thus becomes my responsibilitycritically to examine the tradition that sustainsthem. The question of violence per se is not unique toIslam. All those who define themselves as the totalityof a religion or an ideology have an innate tolerancefor and tendency towards violence. It is the case inall religions and all ideologies down through everyage. But this does not lessen the responsibility onMuslims in Britain, or around the world, to bejudicious, to examine themselves, their history andall it contains to redeem Islam from the pathology ofthis tradition. The terrorists place a unique burdenon Muslims. To deny that they are a product of Islamichistory and tradition is more than complacency. It isa denial of responsibility, a denial of what is reallyhappening in our communities. It is a refusal to livein the real world.

The tradition that nourishes the mentality of theextremists has three inherent characteristics. First,it is ahistoric. It abhors history and drains it ofall humanity and human content. Islam, as a religioninterpreted in the lives and thoughts of people calledMuslims, is not something that unfolded in historywith all its human strengths and weaknesses, but is autopia that exists outside time. Hence it has nonotion of progress, moral development or humanevolution. What happened in Mecca earlier this monthillustrates this point well.
During the past 50 years the holy cities of Mecca andMedina have suffered incalculable violence. More than300 historical sites have been levelledsystematically. Only a few historic buildings remainin Mecca – and these are about to be demolished. “Weare witnessing now the last few moments of the historyof Mecca,” says Sami Angawi, a Saudi expert on theIslamic architecture of the Holy City. “Its layers ofhistory are being bulldozed for a parking lot.”Angawi, who has fought to conserve the historic sitesof the Holy City for more than 25 years, has no doubtwhat is largely to blame: Wahhabism, the dominantreligious tradition of Saudi Arabia. The Wahhabis, hesays, “have not allowed preser-vation of oldbuildings, especially those related to the Prophet”.Why? Because other Muslims will relate to the historyof the Prophet, and they will then see him as a manliving in a particular time and space that placedparticular demands on him and forced him to act inparticular ways. The Wahhabis want to universalise andeternalise every act of the Prophet. For them, thecontext is not only irrelevant but dangerous. It hasto be expunged.

What this means is that the time of the Prophet has tobe constantly recreated, both in thought and action.It is perfect time, frozen and eternalised. Because itis perfect, it cannot be im-proved: it is the epitomeof morality, incapable of growth.

Second, this ideal tradition is monolithic. It doesnot recognise, understand or appreciate a contraryview. Those who express an alternative opinion areseen as apostates, collaborators or worse. The latestcause celebre of Islamic law in India demonstrateswhat I mean.

Imrana Bibi, the 28-year-old wife of a poor rickshawpuller in Muzaffarnagar, Uttar Pradesh, was raped byher father-in-law. The religious scholars of Deoband,an influential seminary with Wahhabi tendencies,issued a fatwa: her marriage is nullified, her husbandis forbidden to her for ever, she will have toseparate for life from him and her five children. TheAll India Muslim Personal Law Board endorsed the”punishment”. When Imrana Bibi herself, along withwomen’s rights groups, complained about the doubleinjustice, the clerics at Deoband declared: “She had aphysical relationship with her father-in-law. It doesnot matter whether it was consensual or forced. Shecannot live with her husband. Any Muslim who opposesour fatwa is not a true Muslim and is betrayingIslam.”

So no complaint or opposition is allowed. A perfecttradition can only produce perfect fat
was. And thosewho are seen as betraying Islam can themselves becomesubjects of other perfect fatwas. As a traditionoutside history, it does not recognise the diversityof Islam. The humanist or rationalist tradition ofIslam, or the great mystical tradition, thus appear asa dangerous deviations. In Bangladesh the Wahhabis andDeobandis are terrorising and burning the mosques ofthe Ahmadiyya sect, which does not see the ProphetMuhammad as the last Prophet, and insist that Ahmadisshould be declared “non-Muslims”. In Pakistan theSunnis are killing Shias because they do not see themas legitimate Muslims. Ditto in Iraq. In Algeria theArmed Islamic Group (GIA) openly declared that theentire “Algerian nation” was deviant and should bekilled. As for Saudi Arabia, you cannot even take acommentary or translation of the Koran into thecountry that does not follow the prescribed line.

Notice also that this tradition has a very specificview of sin. A perfect tradition must lead to perfectMuslims, who do not and cannot commit sin. Those whocommit sin _ that is, disagree or deviate _ cannot beMuslims. Those outside this tradition are sinners andhave to be brought to the Straight Path. The victimsof sin themselves become sinners who have to bepunished.

Third, this tradition is aggressively self-righteous;and insists on imposing its notion of righteousness onothers. It legitimises intolerance and violence byendlessly quoting the famous verse from the Koran thatasks the believers “to do good and prevent evildeeds”. The Bali bombers justified their actions withthis verse. The Islamic Defenders Front, based inIndonesia, frequently burns and destroys cafes,cinemas and discos – places it considers to be sitesof immoral or immodest behaviour. The hated religiouspolice in Saudi Arabia are on the streets every dayimposing a “moral code” (mainly on women). InPakistan, the religious scholars succeeded in banningmixed (male and female) marathons.

Just where does this tradition come from? Much hasbeen said about the “modern” nature of this tendency.It has been argued, for example, that it is a recentphenomenon, a product of “instrumental modernity”.This is plain nonsense. It can be traced right back tothe formative phase of Islam.

The Prophet Muhammad was succeeded by four caliphs whoare known as the “Rightly Guided” because of theirclose friendship and relationship with the Prophet.Muslims regard the period of their rule in idealisedterms – as the best that human endeavour can achieve.However, this was also a period of dissent, wars andrebellions. Three of the four Rightly Guided caliphswere murdered. One particular set of rebels,responsible for the murder of Ali, the fourth caliph,was known as the Kharjites. The Kharjites were apuritan sect which believed that history had come toan end after the revelation made to the Last Prophet.From now on, there could not be any debate orcompromise on any question: “The decision is God’salone.” They were prone to extremist proclamations,denouncing Ali as well as Othman, the third caliph,and pronouncing everyone who did not agree with theirpoint of view as infidel and outside the law.
The Kharjites developed a radically differentinterpretation of what it means to be a Muslim. To bea Muslim, they argued, is to be in a perfect state ofsoul. Someone in that state cannot commit a sin andengage in wrongdoing. Sin, therefore was acontradiction for a true Muslim – it nullified thebeliever and demonstrated that inwardly he was anapostate who had turned against Islam. Thus anyone whodid any wrong was not really a Muslim. He could be putto death. Indeed, the Kharjites believed that allnon-Kharjite Muslims were really apostates who werelegitimate targets for violence.

Although the Kharjites were eventually suppressed,their thought has recurred in Islamic history withcyclic regularity. They led several rebellions duringthe Abbasid period (749-1258), which is conventionallyseen as the Golden Age of Islam. The influence oftheir thought can clearly be seen on Ibn Taymiyyah(1263-1328), the great-grandfather of Wahhabism, andone of the most influential political scientists ofIslamic history. Kharjite thought is also evident inthe ideas of Muhammad Ibn Abd al-Wahhab (1703-87), thefounder of the Wahhabi sect. It shaped the outlook ofSayyid Qutb (1906-66), chief ideologue of the MuslimBrotherhood. Today we can see their clear influencenot just on those who subscribe to the Bin Ladendoctrine, groups such as Hizb ut-Tahrir andal-Muhajiroun, but also on certain mainstreamorganisations.

Like their predecessors, the neo-Kharjites have nodoubt that their identity is shaped by the bestreligion with the finest arrangements and precepts forall aspects of human existence; and there can be nodeviation from the path. Those who do not agree are atbest lesser Muslims and at worst legitimate targetsfor violence. In their rhetoric all is sacred, nothingsecular and retribution is the paramount duty. “Sincethey have left humanity and history out of theequation,” says Dr Najah Kadhim, director of Islam21,a global network of Muslim intellectuals, “they haveno conscience. No notion of guilt or remorse. Sincethe idea that they are perfect is part of theirpsychological make-up, they can do anything withimpunity.” Injustice and violence are inbuilt in theirthought and tradition, which, under certaincircumstances, is transformed into undiluted fascism.We saw this most clearly in the case of the Taliban.

So it just won’t do to say that these people are “notMuslims”, as the Muslim Council of Britain seems tosuggest. We must acknowledge that the terrorists, andtheir neo-Kharjite tradition, are products of Islamichistory. Only by recognising this brutal fact would werealise that the fight against terrorism is also aninternal Muslim struggle within Islam. Indeed, it is astruggle for the very soul of Islam.

In that struggle, all Muslims have to examine theirwords, deeds, motivations and interpretations ofIslam. The traditional exegesis of the Koran – thetraditional rhetoric used by gentle, bushy-bearded,kind old mullahs who wouldn’t hurt a fly -nevertheless is formed from the same building blocksas that slippery slope on which pathological mindsetsare created, where Islam is used to justify theunjustifiable. And it leads to equivocal arguments bywhich many defend or seek to explain the indefensible.

Yet this struggle, as Dr Siddiqui points out, “cannotbe shaped on the lines of ‘the war on terror'”. The”war on terror” feeds the monster what it mostdesires: violent reaction to sustain the cycle ofviolence. “This is why Iraq has now become a breedingground for the neo-Kharjite philosophy,” he argues.

The war on terror, in fact, cannot be a war at all. Ithas to be a reasoned engagement with the politics oftradition. If Islam has been construed as the problem,then Islam is also the essential ingredient in thesolution.

“The best way to fight the Kharjite tradition is withthe humanistic and rationalist traditions of Islam,”says Dr Kadhim. “This is how they were defeated inIslamic history. This is how we will defeat them now.”If Muslims do not take on the challenge, they cede theinitiative to those who have misconceived the problemand accepted a military strategy that is no solution.And that will make us all prey to more violence.

Ziauddin Sardar’s Desperately Seeking Paradise:journeys of a sceptical Muslim is published by Granta(£8.99, paperback)

7) Howard Zinn Op-Ed:

http://www.guardian.co.uk/Iraq/Story/0,2763,1547693,00.html

It is not only Iraq that is occupied. America is too

My country is in the grip of a president surrounded bythugs in suits

Howard Zinn

Friday August 12, 2005

The Guardian

It has quickly become clear that Iraq is not aliberated country, but an occupied country. We becamefamiliar with that term during the second world war.We talked of German-occupie
d France, German-occupiedEurope. And after the war we spoke of Soviet-occupiedHungary, Czechoslovakia, eastern Europe. It was theNazis, the Soviets, who occupied countries. The UnitedStates liberated them from occupation.Now we are the occupiers. True, we liberated Iraq fromSaddam Hussein, but not from us. Just as in 1898 weliberated Cuba from Spain, but not from us. Spanishtyranny was overthrown, but the US established amilitary base in Cuba, as we are doing in Iraq. UScorporations moved into Cuba, just as Bechtel andHalliburton and the oil corporations are moving intoIraq. The US framed and imposed, with support fromlocal accomplices, the constitution that would governCuba, just as it has drawn up, with help from localpolitical groups, a constitution for Iraq. Not aliberation. An occupation.

And it is an ugly occupation. On August 7 2003 the NewYork Times reported that General Sanchez in Baghdadwas worried about the Iraqi reaction to occupation.Pro-US Iraqi leaders were giving him a message, as heput it: “When you take a father in front of his familyand put a bag over his head and put him on the ground,you have had a significant adverse effect on hisdignity and respect in the eyes of his family.”(That’s very perceptive.)

We know that fighting during the US offensive inNovember 2004 destroyed three-quarters of the town ofFalluja (population 360,000), killing hundreds of itsinhabitants. The objective of the operation was tocleanse the town of the terrorist bands acting as partof a “Ba’athist conspiracy”.

But we should recall that on June 16 2003, barely sixweeks after President Bush had claimed victory inIraq, two reporters for the Knight Ridder newspapergroup wrote this about the Falluja area: “In dozens ofinterviews during the past five days, most residentsacross the area said there was no Ba’athist or Sunniconspiracy against US soldiers, there were only peopleready to fight because their relatives had been hurtor killed, or they themselves had been humiliated byhome searches and road stops … One woman said, afterher husband was taken from their home because of emptywooden crates which they had bought for firewood, thatthe US is guilty of terrorism.”

Soldiers who are set down in a country where they weretold they would be welcomed as liberators and findthey are surrounded by a hostile population becomefearful and trigger-happy. On March 4 nervous,frightened GIs manning a roadblock fired on theItalian journalist Giuliana Sgrena, just released bykidnappers, and an intelligence service officer,Nicola Calipari, whom they killed.

We have all read reports of US soldiers angry at beingkept in Iraq. Such sentiments are becoming known tothe US public, as are the feelings of many deserterswho are refusing to return to Iraq after home leave.In May 2003 a Gallup poll reported that only 13% ofthe US public thought the war was going badly.According to a poll published by the New York Timesand CBS News on June 17, 51% now think the US shouldnot have invaded Iraq or become involved in the war.Some 59% disapprove of Bush’s handling of thesituation.
But more ominous, perhaps, than the occupation of Iraqis the occupation of the US. I wake up in the morning,read the newspaper, and feel that we are an occupiedcountry, that some alien group has taken over. I wakeup thinking: the US is in the grip of a presidentsurrounded by thugs in suits who care nothing abouthuman life abroad or here, who care nothing aboutfreedom abroad or here, who care nothing about whathappens to the earth, the water or the air, or whatkind of world will be inherited by our children andgrandchildren.

More Americans are beginning to feel, like thesoldiers in Iraq, that something is terribly wrong.More and more every day the lies are being exposed.And then there is the largest lie, that everything theUS does is to be pardoned because we are engaged in a”war on terrorism”, ignoring the fact that war isitself terrorism, that barging into homes and takingaway people and subjecting them to torture isterrorism, that invading and bombing other countriesdoes not give us more security but less.

The Bush administration, unable to capture theperpetrators of the September 11 attacks, invadedAfghanistan, killing thousands of people and drivinghundreds of thousands from their homes. Yet it stilldoes not know where the criminals are. Not knowingwhat weapons Saddam Hussein was hiding, it invaded andbombed Iraq in March 2003, disregarding the UN,killing thousands of civilians and soldiers andterrorising the population; and not knowing who wasand was not a terrorist, the US government confinedhundreds of people in Guantánamo under such conditionsthat 18 have tried to commit suicide.

The Amnesty International Report 2005 notes:”Guantánamo Bay has become the gulag of our times …When the most powerful country in the world thumbs itsnose at the rule of law and human rights, it grants alicence to others to commit abuse with impunity”.

The “war on terrorism” is not only a war on innocentpeople in other countries; it is a war on the peopleof the US: on our liberties, on our standard ofliving. The country’s wealth is being stolen from thepeople and handed over to the super-rich. The lives ofthe young are being stolen.

The Iraq war will undoubtedly claim many more victims,not only abroad but also on US territory. The Bushadministration maintains that, unlike the Vietnam war,this conflict is not causing many casualties. Trueenough, fewer than 2,000 service men and women havelost their lives in the fighting. But when the warfinally ends, the number of its indirect victims,through disease or mental disorders, will increasesteadily. After the Vietnam war, veterans reportedcongenital malformations in their children, caused byAgent Orange.
Officially there were only a few hundred losses in theGulf war of 1991, but the US Gulf War VeteransAssociation has reported 8,000 deaths in the past 10years. Some 200,000 veterans, out of 600,000 who tookpart, have registered a range of complaints due to theweapons and munitions used in combat. We have yet tosee the long-term effects of depleted uranium on thosecurrently stationed in Iraq.
Our faith is that human beings only support violenceand terror when they have been lied to. And when theylearn the truth, as happened in the course of theVietnam war, they will turn against the government. Wehave the support of the rest of the world. The UScannot indefinitely ignore the 10 million people whoprotested around the world on February 15 2003.

There is no act too small, no act too bold. Thehistory of social change is the history of millions ofactions, small and large, coming together at points inhistory and creating a power that governments cannotsuppress.
· Howard Zinn is professor emeritus of politicalscience at Boston University; his books include APeople’s History of the United States

© Le Monde diplomatique

A version of this article appears in the August issueof Le Monde diplomatique’s English language editionMondediplo.com

8) This is a biographical article about Dr. Hisham Sharabi, who died earlier this year:

“Remembering Hisham Sharabi (1927–2005)”

By Dr. Lawrence Davidson

Re-printed with permission from The Journal of Palestine Studies

Hisham Sharabi was one of the twentieth century’s most renowned Arab American intellectuals. He was the peer of men such as Philip Hitti, Amin Rihani, and Edward Said. Like them, Sharabi was a teacher and a scholar; like Rihani and Said, he was also an activist. He was a public intellectual who fought for a cause. That cause was Palestinian rights. Because that cause was misunderstood and maligned in the United States, his achievements are at once less publicly appreciated and more impressive, for those who fight earnestly and consistently against the odds created by stereotyping and propaganda are among the greatest assets of their community.

I knew Hisham in all these roles. He was my
instructor and academic mentor at Georgetown University from 1967 to 1970. He was also an ally in the struggle to change an exploitative and destructive American foreign policy, particularly in the Middle East. When we met in the fall of 1967, my own struggle was focused against the U.S. war in Vietnam. In June of that year, Hisham had been summoned by the Arab-Israeli war from his “silence in exile” to renew his struggle for Palestinian justice. For both of us, the student movement of the 1960s was an inspiration. For the next thirty-seven years we corresponded and saw each other at the very least once a year, often more. We constantly exchanged analyses as well as ideas on strategy and tactics. In the process, we became very close. Apart from family members, I feel I knew him as well as any American could.

Heading West

Hisham Sharabi was born in 1927 in Jaffa, Palestine, then under the British Mandate. As a consequence, his formative years were shaped by the reality of imperialism and colonialism. He was old enough to remember, and to be unsettled by, the violent Palestinian rebellion of 1936–39. By the time he was twenty-one, his family had been made refugees by the war that transformed the Zionist colonial movement into the State of Israel. The anger created by such events can find _expression in depression and hopelessness, or it can be sublimated into activism. Hisham’s inclination was always for the latter. He once told me that even as a child it never occurred to him to “do nothing” about the world falling apart around him. Thus, as an impressionable youth he became involved with the pan-Syrian and militantly secular Syrian Social Nationalist Party, better known as the PPS (Parti Populaire Syrien), whose charismatic but authoritarian and patriarchal leader, Anton Saadeh, mesmerized him. The PPS aimed at transforming the social and political structure of the Middle East. The movement’s failure sent Sharabi looking for other approaches to action compatible with his studious and intellectual nature. What he did retain from his PPS experience was the conviction of the need for radical change in the region.

In 1947 Sharabi arrived in the United States as a young graduate student at the University of Chicago. His choice of study in the United States reflected his intellectual affinity for Western thought. Despite a religious family background and the persistent efforts of his grandmother to assure his exposure to traditional Muslim learning, he had developed a secular outlook. This was probably the result of his early schooling in Western institutions. He had attended the Quaker Friends School in Ramallah and later matriculated at the American University of Beirut. This exposure to Western ideas coincided with a growing anxiety among politically aware young Arabs about the fate of a Middle East still directly or indirectly controlled by colonial forces. The resulting tension turned Sharabi away from Islam, brought him into the folds of the PPS, and triggered an exploration of the intellectual ideas that constituted the humanistic side of Western thought.

Thus, at the age of twenty, he found himself transported away from the familiar surroundings of his youth, particularly the Lebanese seaside where he and his college friends liked to fish and swim, to the wintry shores of an alien Chicago. It was not only the physical environment that was alien, but also, as he tells us in his 1978 autobiography,[i] much about the University of Chicago as well. Despite Sharabi’s prior education in Western run schools in the Middle East, the fluid and debate-oriented learning environment of his new university came on him as a form of intellectual culture shock. His classroom experience in Lebanon, albeit at an American university, was culturally Arab—that is, a top-down affair. He reports that the undergraduate classrooms of his youth were patriarchal in nature and that the position taken by the professor was almost never questioned.[ii] In Chicago, only slowly did he overcome his reticence about entering into the daily dialogue of his classes. As he did adapt, he became convinced of the methodological superiority of this approach to learning and began to travel down a road of intellectual exploration.

That road had its obstacles. His new experiences called into doubt many of the values and ways of his homeland. On the intellectual level, the ideals of democracy, gender and religious equality, and the open competition of ideas created an enduring dissatisfaction with the contemporary state of Arab intellectual, political, and social affairs. On the emotional level, however, the culture of his Arab upbringing was more deeply ingrained than he liked to admit. The resulting internal contradictions might help explain certain aspects of his behavior. As a professor, he often said little during classroom discussions. He loved to have students over for dinner and to sit with them on his back porch for long and engrossing intellectual and political talks, but even then, he generally said little. This was not a congenital personality trait. In fact, he once told me that he had trained himself to be like this over many years. It was never clear to me why he had undertaken this transformation. Perhaps he was guarding himself against slipping into the authoritarian ways of his old Arab professors or, alternatively, the posture of his former mentor Saadeh. On the other hand, the effect of this demeanor could be quite patriarchal and even intimidating. Was this imposing quiet the result of an unconscious compromise, an effort at once to be, and yet not to be, the Arab patriarch?

Much of his intellectual production over a fifty-year period reflected his dissatisfaction with the social and political state of the Middle East, as well as the plight of the Palestinian people. He read Arab newspapers regularly and listened almost obsessively to news broadcasts in both English and Arabic. He was always up-to-date on the politics of the Arab world and knew personally many of the important political figures of the region. He saw the history of the Middle East as being in constant motion and mostly changing for the worse. This meant that, though he was hired by Georgetown University in 1953 as a professor of modern European intellectual history and spent his entire academic career as such, almost everything he wrote had something to do with the Arab world.

Hisham had mixed feelings about this, as if the events of his time had forced him away from subjects of study that he found more congenial. I once asked him what topics he would have pursued had he not felt compelled to concentrate on the problems of his homeland. He immediately replied that he had once hoped to write a book on Nietzsche. In his house in Bethesda, Maryland, the dining table off the kitchen would be piled high with the books he was currently studying. I use the word “studying” advisedly, for other than the occasional work of fiction, he rarely indulged in casual reading. In contrast to the Arabic newspapers that were also on hand in the dining area, the books were mostly Western philosophical, political, and historical works. In the last ten years or so of his life, the pile of books reflected his growing fascination with postmodernist writers. Thus the dining room was where Hisham’s two worlds met.

Sharabi the activist, however, was always facing East. Like so many Arab intellectuals, he had been shocked and energized by the June 1967 war. Israel’s swift and conclusive defeat of the Arabs only reinforced his long held conviction that the Middle East was in need of thorough reform. At first he appeared to believe that the inspiration for reform was to be found in the Arab intellectual past. His 1970 work Arab Intellectuals and the West: The Formative Years, 1875–1914[iii] was an effort to reinterpret the experiences and thinking of the sometimes religiously motivated Arab intellectuals of the late nineteenth century in ways that could be helpful to secular Arab reformers in the p
resent. “All the problems that are being confronted today were confronted then,” he noted.[iv] Just as Western intellectuals interested in enhancing political and human rights return, again and again, to thinkers such as Locke and Voltaire, he wrote, so should Arab reformers study their predecessors. “The task of Arab scholars is to go back to this period, and reinterpret it, as the classical Enlightenment has been reexamined by each generation in Europe and the United States.”[v] What is certain is that for Sharabi, the study of the past ceased to be an end in itself following the 1967 war and instead became a search for solid ground in the formulation of contemporary tactics.

Yet as time went on, I am convinced that he looked for inspiration less to the Arab past and more to Western oriented intellectual movements and ideas. During our thirty-seven-year friendship, I cannot recall him making a single conversational reference to a pre-twentieth century Arab thinker. As far as I can tell, the Palestinian leader he most admired was George Habash, leader of the Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine and a Marxist internationalist. He did not think very highly of the bulk of contemporary Arab intellectuals who manned the region’s universities and institutes. More than once he complained to me of their “mediocrity.” That is not to say that he did not have close intellectual friends in the Middle East whom he deeply admired. He also yearned to return to the Middle East to live and teach. However, in my opinion, Hisham saw the best and most promising intellectual work and social and political analysis as coming from the West, and this could not help but influence how he envisioned the future of the Middle East

Theory and Practice

After 1967 Hisham Sharabi’s work was divided between theory and practice. In terms of practice, his major activity was to contribute to the well-being of his people, the Palestinians, as they struggled against an enemy bent on ethnically cleansing them from their homeland. It is this part of his work that tapped into his emotions, channeled his anger productively, and allowed him to make a positive difference in the lives of many Palestinians. He helped establish the Jerusalem Fund with its charitable and educational support programs for Palestinians in both occupied lands and the Diaspora. He served as editor of the Journal of Palestine Studies from 1972 until 2002, and in 1990 helped set up the Center for Policy Analysis on Palestine, both dedicated to chronicling and interpreting the history and current evolution of the Palestinian struggle. He also tirelessly pursued “meetings with Congress, the State Department, the Pentagon, and [when possible] the White House . . . to tell them what’s wrong with U.S. policy in the region.” [vi] He pursued all such endeavors with a stubborn determination that refused to give in to the odds massed against the Palestinian people and their cause.

On the level of theory, he devoted himself to the intellectual analysis and theoretical understanding of contemporary Arab society. It is this work that preoccupied his powerful intellect and kept him connected to the intellectual life befitting his personality. In this effort, he helped found the Georgetown University Center for Contemporary Arab Studies and began writing extensively on the status of Arab culture and society. In both the English and Arabic speaking worlds, the most widely read product of that effort was his book Neopatriarchy: A Theory of Distorted Change in Arab Society.[vii]

In this seminal work, Sharabi concluded that the traditional patriarchal culture of the Arab world, far from being undermined by imperialism, became further entrenched in a new and more powerful form. In effect, instead of inheriting democracy or civil liberties from the West, the traditional Arab elites inherited the technologically enhanced power structure of their colonial masters. As a result, the struggle against imperialism left the old Arab system of the dominant male authority figure not merely intact but strengthened by new governmental structures. This meant that the various ideologies of reform, be they nationalist, socialist, or state capitalist, carried within them the seeds of a now bureaucratized and armed neopatriarchy. Thus, the various governmental forms that neopatriarchy took failed to produce truly modern and liberating societies. Indeed, the only thing modern about them was their use of up-to-date surveillance and military equipment. Civil society languished in a perennially undeveloped state, the economy remained locked into a patriarchal patronage system, initiative and free thinking were often punishable offenses, and other human rights, particularly for women, were nowhere to be found.
In Sharabi’s view, this neopatriarchal system did damage not only to the Middle East in general, but also specifically to the Palestinian cause. Thus, once Yasir Arafat and his associates negotiated their return to Palestine, they ruled the occupied territories like a shaykhdom. The neopatriarchal and authoritarian nature of the Palestine National Authority under Arafat (toward whom, after Oslo, Hisham felt only disgust and bitter disappointment) directly contradicted the goals of modernism and liberation that he both wrote about and acted to promote.

Paradoxes and Dilemmas

It was not only the state of the Arab world that caused Sharabi concern. The contradictions between West’s intellectual heritage, as he understood it, and Western (particularly American) policy in the Middle East constituted a never ending source of frustration for him. He was an Arab expatriate whose mind had been opened through the study of Western philosophy and intellectual history to the liberating potential of a critical and questioning approach to the world. Yet once he put down the books and walked out of the classroom, he was rudely confronted with the fact that the political leaders and public in the West often suspended critical thinking in favor of unanalyzed, unquestioned propaganda, fantasy, and distortion. Worse still, this uncritical approach was applied with particular zeal by his adopted Western country (the United States) specifically to the history and struggles of his own homeland (Palestine). It was not long before the juxtaposition of Western political theory (i.e., the championship of reason, democracy, and individual rights) and American practice (i.e., a foreign policy driven by prejudice and stereotyping) filled him with perplexity and a deep sense of injustice.

This sense of injustice was reinforced by his frequent contacts with U.S. government and civic officials. Concerning the way in which these last categorized Palestinians “in the most racist way as terrorists without anyone raising an eyebrow,” he noted: “Being at the heart of this, I am able to plumb the depth of the above attributes directly, without the comforting cushion of abstract analysis.”[viii] As for the Israelis whom these same officials portrayed as representatives of Western civilization in the midst of Middle Eastern barbarity, Hisham saw most of them as acting in a “moral vacuum which is the breeding ground of evil.”[ix]
I am aware of only one American political experience that Hisham saw as important and positive in the years following the 1967 war: his association with the Georgetown chapter of the Students for a Democratic Society (SDS). The chapter had been founded in the fall of 1967 by myself and several other students. The SDS opposed the Vietnam War and had an anti-imperialist analysis of American foreign policy. For Sharabi, who sometimes attended our meetings, this anti-imperialism meant that, potentially, the organization could serve as a vehicle to promote sympathy with and support for the Palestinian cause. More broadly, he saw the SDS as a vehicle through which young citizens resisted war, propaganda, and the dehumanizing effects of bureaucratic processes. His witnessing of a popular movement combining debate
and analysis, egalitarianism, and activism suggested to him that reason could overcome fantasy and propaganda in the minds of Americans.

Encouraged by his SDS experience, Hisham broadened his efforts beyond the government and sought more media access for the message that American policy in the Middle East was wrongheaded. He appeared on television, wrote innumerable op-ed pieces, and held news conferences. He also sought to help strengthen Arab American interest group formation that had been ongoing for some time. For several years he was the head of the Association of Arab-American University Graduates. By 1970, he had learned that the SDS was in fact an anomaly within the American political scene and that it was not going to mature into a broad-based political movement. Particularly when it came to the subject of Palestine, the SDS never did evolve into the popularizing springboard for which he had hoped.

A good part of the problem was that Hisham, and the rest of us who supported the Palestinian cause, were doing verbal battle in an informational environment that more often than not failed to recognize the validity of any non-Zionist interpretation of reality. This made any effort to promote Arab and Palestinian interests in the United States extremely difficult. Any public statement Sharabi might make, no matter how accurate, would immediately elicit angry and sometimes libelous responses by the Zionist operatives who command attention in the nation’s capital. His assessment that Israel and its American allies were, to all intents and purposes, seeking to “subdue” the Palestinians in the occupied territories (an understatement relative to what was actually happening on the ground and an assessment with which any objective observer would agree) was condemned as an outrageous falsification by emotionally driven pro-Zionist elements at Georgetown University and the Jewish community of Washington, DC.[x] When he spoke in the Middle East he was forthright and descriptive. He commented to a Beirut newspaper that “Americans had entered the region [the Middle East] to possess the oil resources and redraw the geopolitical map,” and once told an Arab audience that the Middle East was under neocolonial attack.[xi] Although both statements are supported by abundant factual evidence, they and similar utterances nonetheless called forth accusations that he suffered from the “fantasy element that dogs Arab discourse.”[xii]

It is an indication of the dilemma Hisham faced that even Zionists who claim to have known him well were convinced that he wished for nothing less than the destruction of Israel (a reversal of what the Israelis not only yearned for relative to the Palestinians, but in fact executed).[xiii] In any case, it does not matter what Sharabi yearned for in his heart of hearts. Unlike some empowered Zionists, his behavior was not controlled by vengeful and genocidal yearnings. When it came to practice, “fantasy” was as far from Sharabi’s mind as stars in the heavens. Unless, of course, you consider the following position statement, written in 1998, as delusional:

I try to remind myself of what sustained all Palestinian refugees over the long years of exile: this land is not a memory, it is not lost, it is out there where it can be seen and touched, a patrimony that can never be given up or taken away. Does this mean that there can be no peaceful solution to the conflict? Does the solution lie in the reversal of what happened 50 years ago and the destruction of Israel? No, the clock cannot be put back, the past cannot be redeemed, Israel’s destruction cannot be the goal. The conflict’s real solution cannot be a zero-sum outcome, but only a political compromise. The legitimate struggle of the Palestinians will seek a solution based on justice, international law, and the imperative need for mutual accommodation and survival.[xiv]

Fantasy? Only if those who hold power in Washington and Jerusalem insist on a “zero-sum outcome” and then call that sanity.

Right to the end, Hisham Sharabi refused to accept as inevitable a world of Zionist realpolitik and as permanent the horrors it engendered. Right to the end he believed in acting within the public sphere, and in the possibility of melding theory and democratic practice—just as he had seen accomplished for a brief historical moment by the Georgetown SDS. More than once he told me that “I miss the ‘revolutionary’ days.”[xv] I would respond that he carried the seeds of a humanistic revolution within him and had helped nurture the same potential in others. I still believe this to be so. Through his work, both theoretical and practical, he chose to keep alive an alternative perception of reality that was eminently sane and humane. And he never gave up. Thus, he was, and will remain as long as his memory prevails, a model for those who fight for a world ruled by reason and justice.

Lawrence Davidson, professor of history at West Chester University, is the author of America’s Palestine: Popular and Official Perceptions from Balfour to Israeli Statehood (University Press of Florida, 2001).

Notes
[i] Hisham Sharabi, Al-Jamr wa al-ramad: Dhikrayat muthaqqa arabi [Embers and Ashes: Memoirs of an Arab Intellectual] (Beirut: Dar al-taliy`a lil-tiba`a wal-nashr, 1978).[ii] Sharabi, Al-Jamr wa al-ramad.[iii] Johns Hopkins Press, 1970.[iv] Jordan Sand, “Hisham Sharabi, Bridging the Arab and European Worlds,” published in the Faculty Profiles section of the 1998 History Department Newsletter, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, 1998, online at www.georgetown.edu.[v] Sand, “Hisham Sharabi.”[vi] Letter to the author dated 6 September 1980.[vii] Oxford University Press, 1988.[viii] Letter to the author dated 10 March 1986.[ix] Letter to the author dated 18 June 1999.[x] Patricia Sullivan, “Arab Intellectual Hisham Sharabi, 77, Dies,” Washington Post, 16 January 2005.[xi] Sullivan, “Arab Intellectual Hisham Sharabi, 77, Dies.”[xii] Barry Rubin, “Sharabi: Death of a Teacher,” 18 January 2004, online at gloria.idc.ac.il.[xiii] Rubin, “Sharabi.”[xiv] Hisham Sharabi, “The Palestinians: Fifty Years Later” (Washington: Center for Policy Analysis on Palestine, 1998).[xv] Letter to the author dated 23 January 1976.
Citation: Lawrence Davidson, “Remembering Hisham Sharabi (1927–2005),” Journal of Palestine Studies 34, no. 3 (Spring 2005), 57-64.

9) It seems like Cindy Sheehan is driving the nutcases nuts. Ever notice that non-Republicans never have a “III” following their name?:

http://www.nationalledger.com/artman/publish/article_2726199.shtml

——————————————————

Cindy Sheehan: Media Glorifies a Radical

——————————————————

By L. Brent Bozell III

Aug 10, 2005

One of the most profoundly annoying conceits of liberalism is the idea that dissent is the solitary province of the Left, and when liberals do it, they should be glorified for doing it, no matter how outrageous the protest. President Bush is spending some vacation time in Crawford, Texas, so the media, predictably, are once again glorifying his left-wing protesters with lavish coverage of their antics, while dutifully refusing to identify them in any way as left wing. Call it covering and covering up. Time and Newsweek both ran pictures of a tiny group holding MoveOn.org signs protesting the John Roberts nomination outside the White House. Neither magazine identified the group as liberals, nor even mentioned MoveOn; you had to squint at the photos to make out the group’s name on the protest signs. Now, angry, Bush-hating Cindy Sheehan, the mother of a soldier killed in Iraq and co-founder of “Gold Star Families for Peace” — last glorified by ABC in January for protesting President Bush’s “lavish” second inaugur
ation — is being celebrated again as she sits outside Bush’s Texas ranch. On their Saturday evening newscasts on Aug. 6, ABC and CBS touted the Sheehan protest with just “a few dozen people,” allowing her to say Bush is enjoying his vacation while “I’m never going to be able to enjoy another vacation because he killed my son.” Bush killed him, she says. Not Saddam-loving terrorists. Bush. No one in the media finds this rhetoric overheated. But just how overheated is Cindy Sheehan? In the world of politics, this woman deserves a padded cell. On her website, Sheehan wildly proclaims that “overwhelming” evidence proves the president is a traitor: “George [Bush] and his indecent bandits traitorously had intelligence fabricated to fit their goal of invading Iraq.” On Monday morning, the Sheehan publicity continued, but still no one reported how radical she is. CNN’s graphic throughout their story on “American Morning” read “Peace Mom.” In a “Good Morning America” devoted almost entirely to mourning the death of Peter Jennings, ABC made room for the “angry and determined mother” on her “peace vigil.” NBC’s “Today” began their show by promoting “a mother’s vigil” in the first seconds of the program. Can you imagine the networks ruining the Clinton vacation on Martha’s Vineyard by making a big story out of a conservative protester there? I can’t, because they didn’t. In 1998, a few weeks after Clinton admitted sex with Monica Lewinsky, he went to his first partisan pep rally in Worcester, Mass. ABC and CBS did full stories, and the streets outside the hall were filled with protesters demanding Clinton resign, but ABC and CBS failed to interview them. Only Fox News brought up how a local Democratic city council member, Konstantina Lukes, refused to attend. Cut back to the present. Cindy Sheehan wasn’t the only “peace” protester glorified by “Today.” Late in the Monday program, they aired another seven minutes of pure propaganda on the “Raging Grannies” of Tucson, Ariz., who muster a whopping 15 to 20 protesters outside a military recruitment center every Wednesday. What is it with these left-wing grannies, anyway? It was almost exactly like five years ago, when the publicity frenzy was for Doris “Granny D” Haddock, agitating for the liberal cause of “campaign finance reform.” ABC’s Charles Gibson congratulated her for her “very worthy work.” NBC’s Matt Lauer (“I love Granny D!”) and Katie Couric (“She’s great!”) took turns cheerleading. For the Tucson grannies, anchor Natalie Morales could only find cuteness and “commitment,” not mudslinging and hard-core ideology: “Beware, there is a group of grannies serving up much more than milk and cookies. NBC’s Peter Alexander caught up with them, proving commitment has no age limit.” After a syrupy story in which Alexander hailed them as “compassionate,” but never described them as harsh or ultraliberal, even as they screeched against the “illegal, immoral war” and yelled, “No blood for oil,” Morales interviewed four of the Tucson activists, dressed in stereotypical “granny” garb and praised them for their “witty lyrics” and their status as role models. NBC never explained the “Raging Grannies” are a project of the local chapter of the Women’s International League for Peace and Freedom, a 90-year-old “peace” group that despises any military spending and opposed even the Cold War. The grannies are loonies who pass out flyers stating that “The Iraq war has everything to do with U.S. controlling access to Middle Eastern Oil,” and the war has nothing to do with terrorism, but “everything to do with U.S. world domination.” Even so, NBC’s Alexander supinely claimed, “they say they’re fighting for the men and women fighting for them.” “News” stories like these show that the media have chosen sides between the liberation backers and the “peace” protesters. They are to news what these protesters are to reasonable discourse. L. Brent Bozell III is the president of the Media Research Center.

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Cindy, Mahar Arar


1) Move On’s appeal for Cindy Sheehan:

Support Cindy Sheehan

MoveOn is taking out an ad in President Bush’s local newspaper in support of Cindy Sheehan, the mother of a soldier killed in Iraq who is camped outside Bush’s ranch in Texas asking for a meeting with the president. They’ll publish the number of signers and the best comments in a full two-page spread in the newspaper nearest to Crawford (The Waco Tribune Herald) while Cindy holds her vigil. Can you sign and spread the word before the 3:00 PM Friday print deadline?

http://political.moveon.org/meetwithcindy/

2) New Orleanians for Cindy:

http://www.newdemocracyrising.com

FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE:NEW ORLEANS SHOWS SUPPORT FOR CINDY SHEEHAN

Local supporters of Cindy Sheehan have organized activities in the New Orleans area to show their support for her vigil near the Bush ranchin Crawford, Texas. Sheehan is the mother of U.S. soldier Casey Sheehan who was killed in Iraq in April, 2004. She has been denied a face-to-face meeting with President Bush since Saturday and has vowed, if necessary, to remain in Crawford for the entire length of the president’s vacation – until she is granted a private audience with the commander-in-chief.

Sheehan, a co-founder of Gold Star Families for Peace, decided to confront President Bush at his ranch after hearing his comments to the American Legislative Exchange Council last Wednesday. At that meeting the president said, “Our men and women who’ve lost their lives in Iraq and Afghanistan and in this war on terror have died in a noble cause and a selfless cause.”

“Why did my son die? What was the noble cause that he died for? I don’t want [President Bush] to use my son’s name or my family name to justify any more killing or to exploit my son’s name, my son’ssacrifice, or my son’s honor to justify more killing. As a mother, why would I want one more mother to go through what I’m going through, Iraqi or American? And I want to tell him that the only way to honormy son’s sacrifice is to bring the troops home now.”

If Sheehan is unable to talk to Bush in Crawford, she has vowed to “follow him to D.C. and … camp out on his lawn,” even going to prison if necessary.

Please show your support by joining in the New Orleans activities: Thursday, August 11: 4:00 – 6:00pm – Demonstration and distribution of information at the intersection of Canal and Claiborne Streets Friday, August 12: 4:00 – 6:00pm – Demonstration and distribution ofinformation at the intersection of Canal and Claiborne Streets (location may change – we will keep you posted if that happens)Saturday, August 13: 7:00pm – Gather at Bayou St. John and Esplanade Avenue; 8:00pm – Candlelight Vigil on Bayou St. John
If you have questions, need to get in touch, or you can offer some help in any way, reply to this message or send an email to supportcindy@getyouracton.com You can also download a flyer at www.getyouracton.com
PEACE IS PATRIOTIC!

Additional information can be found at:
www.meetwithcindy.org
www.crawfordpeacehouse.org
www.gsfp.org www.mfso.org
www.veteransforpeace.org
www.codepink4peace.org
www.vvaw.org www.ivaw.net

3) Maher Arar’s Case:

By NINA BERNSTEIN
New York Times
August 10, 2005

Foreign citizens who change planes at airports in the United States can
legally be seized, detained without charges, deprived of access to a
lawyer or the courts, and even denied basic necessities like food, lawyers for the
government said in Brooklyn federal court yesterday.

The assertion came in oral arguments over a federal lawsuit by Maher
Arar, a naturalized Canadian citizen who charges that United States officials
plucked him from Kennedy International Airport when he was on the way home on
Sept. 26, 2002, held him in solitary confinement in a Brooklyn detention
center and then shipped him to his native Syria to be interrogated under torture
because officials suspected that he was a member of Al Qaeda.

Syrian and Canadian officials have cleared Mr. Arar, 35, of any
terrorist connections, but United States officials maintain that “clear and
unequivocal” but classified evidence shows that he is a Qaeda member. They are
seeking dismissal of his lawsuit, in part through the rare assertion of a
“state secrets” privilege.

The case is the first civil suit to challenge the practice known as
“extraordinary rendition,” in which terror suspects have been transferred for
questioning to countries known for torture.

After considering legal briefs, Judge David G. Trager of United States
District Court prepared several written questions for lawyers on both
sides to address further, including one that focused pointedly on Mr. Arar’s
accusations of illegal treatment in New York. He says he was deprived of sleep and
food and was coercively interrogated for days at the airport and at the
Metropolitan Detention Center in Brooklyn when he was not allowed to call a lawyer,
his family or the Canadian consul.

“Would not such treatment of a detainee – in any context, criminal,
civil, immigration or otherwise – violate both the Constitution and clearly
established case law?” Judge Trager asked.

The reply by Mary Mason, a senior trial lawyer for the government, was
that it would not. Legally, she said, anyone who presents a foreign passport
at an American airport, even to make a connecting flight to another country,
is seeking admission to the United States. If the government decides that
the passenger is an “inadmissible alien,” he remains legally outside the
United States – and outside the reach of the Constitution – even if he is being held in
a Brooklyn jail.

Even if they are wrongly or illegally designated inadmissible, the government’s papers say, such aliens have at most a right against “gross physical abuse.”

Under immigration law, Ms. Mason asserted, Mr. Arar was afforded “ample” due process when he was given five days to challenge an order finding him inadmissible.

“The burden of proof is on the alien to demonstrate his admissibility,” Ms.

Mason said, “and he did not do that.” “Do you do this to all people on a connecting flight?” Judge Trager asked, raising his eyebrows.

“Yes, all have to show admissibility,” Ms. Mason replied. In some ways, she
asserted, Mr. Arar had more rights than a United States citizen, because he
could have challenged his deportation to Syria, which he had left as a
teenager, under the Convention Against Torture. He also had 30 days to challenge
his removal, she said.

But David Cole, a law professor at Georgetown University who argued on
behalf of Mr. Arar and the Center for Constitutional Rights, contended that
the government had denied Mr. Arar a meaningful chance to be heard, first
by refusing to let him call a lawyer, and later by lying to the lawyer about his
whereabouts.

Mr. Arar, who had been told he would be deported to Canada, was not handed a
final order sending him to Syria until he was in handcuffs on the private jet
that took him away, Mr. Cole said, while his lawyer was told he had been sent
to a jail in New Jersey.

“W
e can’t take a citizen, pick him up at J.F.K. and send him to Syria to be
tortured,” he said. “We can’t hold against Mr. Arar the failure to file a
motion for review when he’s locked up in a gravelike cell in Syria.”
Dennis Barghaan, who represents former Attorney General John Ashcroft,
one of the federal officials being sued for damages in the case, argued that
Congress and recent judicial decisions tell federal courts “keep your
nose out” of foreign affairs and national security questions, like those in this
case.

At several points the judge seemed to echo such concerns. He said he had
refused to read a letter from the plaintiffs detailing testimony before
a Canadian board of inquiry into Mr. Arar’s case because he did not know how to
deal with questions that might require the government to confirm or deny
classified information.

“How am I going to handle that?” he asked, rubbing his forehead and furrowing
his brow before adjourning the hearing—

4) Another war video, recorded by insurgents. I haven’t screened this one, and I’m not even sure it works:

http://www.iraqsnuclearmirage.com/images/Thuloiya.rmvb

Posted in Uncategorized | 4 Comments

Woollacott, Dowd, Australian, AIPAC, Iraq, Tikrit, Israeli Justice,

1) While I don’t completely agree with Woollacott’s characterization of the role Sunni-Shi’i relations play in Middle East politics, in general I think this op-ed is one of the few I’ve seen in major publications that actually seems to get it — and to understand the scale of the mess Bush has dropped us all into:

http://www.guardian.co.uk/comment/story/0,3604,1545861,00.html

We miscalculated and now history has us by the throat

The west profoundly misunderstood how the Middle East works

Martin Woollacott
Wednesday
August 10, 2005
The Guardian

Nobody now disputes that misunderstanding has paved every step of the way in Iraq. The misunderstanding, or the lie, about Saddam’s weapons continues to be central to western arguments about the war. But, important as that issue remains, there was a more profound set of misunderstandings of the social, political and religious processes at work within the Middle East.

They included especially the tense balance between Sunni and Shia, a loss of diversity and tolerance in the
Sunni lands, the real impact of Sharon’s long reign in Israel, and the effect of demographic changes altering the politics of many countries in the region. It was not that these things were not seen by experts, governments or even journalists, but that they were not added up, or were added up in the wrong way. Some, such as the Shia majority in Iraq, were seen by many only as an asset for an invader. Others, such as the collapsing peace process, were categorised as requiring remedy but not, in spite of much rhetoric, urgency. Above all, the interaction between these processes, still continuing, was only partially foreseen.

For example, Iran’s resumption of its nuclear programme this week is the act of a government that, although it has serious internal weaknesses, is in a position of strength in its international dealings. The argument going on next door in Iraq over the constitution is also one in which Shia Muslims are in a strong position. In Lebanon, Syrian withdrawal may ultimately benefit an already strong Shia community. In the Gulf and in Saudi Arabia, suppressed Shia aspirations may not remain so for ever. These are all aspects of a shift in power between Sunnis and Shias that always had some potential for violence. But the way in which the Iraqi intervention triggered a violent Sunni reaction – at least as much among Sunnis outside Iraq as among those inside – to a potential Shia gain may come to be seen as its most important, and its most tragic, effect. To gloss this only as “terrorism”, and to see it mainly in terms of a conflict between terrorists and the west, is to miss a large part of its meaning.

The Iranian revolution had given the region a new kind of state, specifically religious and specifically Shia in a way that the Shah’s regime had never been. Much of what Saddam did during his years in power was aimed at staving off a Shia succession, but, especially with Iran’s weight on the scales, change in Iraq could not be delayed for ever.

That such a succession would have come anyway in Iraq, and would undoubtedly have been accompanied by violence, is not a defence of the war. It could well have been much less violent, and it might well also have taken place – notwithstanding the existence of significant jihadist groups – without inducing such an angry Sunni reaction, for the American intervention gave an inevitable change: the aspect of a western-assisted Shia seizure of power from Sunnis in the best-endowed of all Arab states.

Jihad groups, initially more interested in expelling Americans from Saudi Arabia, could also increasingly point to the deterioration in Palestine as proof of encirclement and encroachment on the Sunni world. They can still do so: Netanyahu’s resignation this week portends a political contest in Israel, making it even less likely that Gaza withdrawal will be followed by genuine negotiations about the West Bank.

The failure of the peace process took place in a region that had lost some of its old diversity and tolerance, because of the migration of minorities to the west, and because of the emergence of more schematic forms of Islam. And it took place in a world in which Europe had, as the American academic Robert S Leiken recently wrote in Foreign Affairs magazine, “in a fit of absent-mindedness … acquired not a colonial empire but something of an internal colony, whose numbers are roughly equivalent to the population of Syria.”
The limbo in which some of Europe’s Muslims live has suddenly become an object of intense interest, for obvious reasons, again a case of something often seen in the past, and indeed sometimes intensely discussed, but rarely put into the larger context.

The reaction of some Sunnis – not just jihadists but people of all classes, in Muslim lands and in the diaspora – has been to see mainly and sometimes only that in Iraq a Sunni place is under siege. It is a view that blanks out the fact that Iraqi Shias and Kurds are Muslims, and that a majority of Iraqi Sunnis want to see the back of the insurgency, although of course they want to see the back of the Americans too. And it also blanks out the democratic argument, which suggests another western misunderstanding.

The Americans in particular are wont to see nothing underneath a bad government except a people yearning to be free, and to regard the secular middle classes of countries such as Iraq or Iran as the authentic representatives of everybody else. Like it or not, this is not always the case. In Iraq’s war conditions, apart from Kurdistan, these classes have been brutally targeted in Sunni areas and may well end up being outflanked by clerics in the Shia south. In Iran the recent election was a reminder that there is a third party in what from the outside is often seen as a conflict between authoritarian rulers and a liberal middle class. This third party may find itself deceived in its choice in Iran, but it is a constituency of more ordinary folk, with conservative Islamic leanings, a desire for clean government and not much interest in issues of cultural freedom. It is a constituency visible everywhere in the Middle East, in countries that have democracy, such as Turkey, where it sustains the ruling party, and in those that have little.

The historian David Fromkin has recorded that he set out to write an account of how Europe changed the Middle East in the early decades of the last century and ended up writing just as much about how the Middle East changed Europe, mainly by wearing it down. Among the things seen but not understood before Iraq were how our own societies would react, mainstream as well as minority. The majority have shown a surprising willingness to operate on the basis of what’s done is done. They even seem resigned to the fact that, as Ayman al-Zawahiri’s words made clear last week, our freedom from terrorist attack is now specifically dependent on events in Palestine as well as in Iraq. But the readiness of Americans and British to invest more in the enterprise is diminishing almost by the week, and the otherwise incomprehensible plans for partial military withdrawal by both nations are a reaction to that. As the American Iraqi expert Phebe Marr says: “If you can’t garner adequate resources – and public opinion at home and abroad – to rebuild a nation, do not start.” But we did start, and now history has us by the throat.

martin.woollacott@guardian.co.uk

2) Maureen Dowd on Cindy Sheehan, and the teflon cowboy:

August 10, 2005
Why No Tea and Sympathy?
By MAUREEN DOWD
WASHINGTON

W. can’t get no satisfaction on Iraq.

There’s an angry mother of a dead soldier camping outside his Crawford ranch, demanding to see a president who prefers his sympathy to be carefully choreographed.

A new CNN-USA Today-Gallup poll shows that a majority of Americans now think that going to war was a mistake and that the war has made the U.S. more vulnerable to terrorism. So fighting them there means it’s more likely we’ll have to fight them here?

Donald Rumsfeld acknowledged yesterday that sophisticated bombs were streaming over the border from Iran to Iraq.

And the Rolling Stones have taken a rare break from sex odes to record an antiwar song called “Sweet Neo Con,” chiding Condi Rice and Mr. Bush. “You call yourself a Christian; I call you a hypocrite,” Mick Jagger sings.

The N.F.L. put out a press release on Monday announcing that it’s teaming up with the Stones and ABC to promote “Monday Night Football.” The flag-waving N.F.L. could still back out if there’s pressure, but the mood seems to have shifted since Madonna chickened out of showing an antiwar music video in 2003. The White House used to be able to tamp down criticism by saying it hurt our troops, but more people are asking the White House to explain how it plans to stop our troops from getting hurt.

Cindy Sheehan, a 48-year-old Californian with a knack for P.R., says she will camp out in the dusty heat near
the ranch until she gets to tell Mr. Bush face to face that he must pull all U.S. troops out of Iraq. Her son, Casey, a 24-year-old Army specialist, was killed in a Sadr City ambush last year.

The president met with her family two months after Casey’s death. Capturing W.’s awkwardness in traversing the line between somber and joking, and his love of generic labels, Ms. Sheehan said that W. had referred to her as “Mom” throughout the meeting, and given her the sense that he did not know who her son was.

The Bush team tried to discredit “Mom” by pointing reporters to an old article in which she sounded kinder to W. If only her husband were an undercover C.I.A. operative, the Bushies could out him. But even if they send out a squad of Swift Boat Moms for Truth, there will be a countering Falluja Moms for Truth.

It’s amazing that the White House does not have the elementary shrewdness to have Mr. Bush simply walk down the driveway and hear the woman out, or invite her in for a cup of tea. But W., who has spent nearly 20 percent of his presidency at his ranch, is burrowed into his five-week vacation and two-hour daily workouts. He may be in great shape, but Iraq sure isn’t.

It’s hard to think of another president who lived in such meta-insulation. His rigidly controlled environment allows no chance encounters with anyone who disagrees. He never has to defend himself to anyone, and that is cognitively injurious. He’s a populist who never meets people – an ordinary guy who clears brush, and brush is the only thing he talks to. Mr. Bush hails Texas as a place where he can return to his roots. But is he mixing it up there with anyone besides Vulcans, Pioneers and Rangers?

W.’s idea of consolation was to dispatch Stephen Hadley, the national security adviser, to talk to Ms. Sheehan, underscoring the inhumane humanitarianism of his foreign policy. Mr. Hadley is just a suit, one of the hard-line Unsweet Neo Cons who helped hype America into this war.

It’s getting harder for the president to hide from the human consequences of his actions and to control human sentiment about the war by pulling a curtain over the 1,835 troops killed in Iraq; the more than 13,000 wounded, many shorn of limbs; and the number of slain Iraqi civilians – perhaps 25,000, or perhaps double or triple that. More people with impeccable credentials are coming forward to serve as a countervailing moral authority to challenge Mr. Bush.

Paul Hackett, a Marine major who served in Iraq and criticized the president on his conduct of the war, narrowly lost last week when he ran for Congress as a Democrat in a Republican stronghold in Cincinnati. Newt Gingrich warned that the race should “serve as a wake-up call to Republicans” about 2006.
Selectively humane, Mr. Bush justified his Iraq war by stressing the 9/11 losses. He emphasized the humanity of the Iraqis who desire freedom when his W.M.D. rationale vaporized.

But his humanitarianism will remain inhumane as long as he fails to understand that the moral authority of parents who bury children killed in Iraq is absolute.

E-mail: liberties@nytimes.com

3) This is a posting on Juan Cole’s website, discussing the opinion of a recently retired Australian general
concerning the difficulties of operating in concert with US forces in Iraq:

www.juancole.com

The former chief of Australia’s armed forces, Gen. Peter Cosgrove, has called for an end to foreign troop presence in Iraq by the end of 2006: ‘ “I think we’ve got to train the Iraqis as quickly as we can and to a point where we take one of the focal points of terrorist motivation away, and that is foreign troops,” said Cosgrove, who retired from the top military post a month ago. ‘

Now that he is retired he can speak freely, and has. Why does he think that “foreign troops” are a motivation in Iraq for terrorism? Remember, this is not some soft civilian Green Party member speaking from a bar in Melbourne. This is a high-ranking general of a highly rated military. Perhaps what he has in mind is explained in the next article:

” AUSTRALIAN and British military legal advisers frequently had to “red card” more trigger-happy US forces to limit civilian casualties during the invasion of Iraq in 2003, according to one of the Australian advisers.
Colonel Mike Kelly, writing in the Australian Army Journal, says the junior partners in the coalition forces succeeded in reducing civilian casualties and reinforcing the legitimacy of the invasion to topple Saddam Hussein.

In the most detailed insight yet into the secret rules Australian forces operated under during the conflict in 2003, Colonel Kelly, who went on to become a senior adviser to the Coalition Provisional Authority in Iraq, said for Australian forces to open fire the enemy was “required to visibly carry weapons while deploying for an attack”.

Defence sources said that under more relaxed US rules there only had to be a “reasonable suspicion” that the person was an enemy combatant and a threat . . .

“During Operation Iraqi Freedom legal differences in assessing legitimate targets, tended to be resolved by the use of the ‘red card’,” Colonel Kelly writes.

“This card involved the coalition partners being able to indicate their disapproval in their targeting or tactics in any mission that ran contrary to their legal obligations.”

He added: “The United States generally accepted these decisions … (it was) prepared to modify its approach in the interest of harmony with its military partners . . . “

I think there is a problem here when professional and hard-fighting Australian and British troops routinely feel that the US military does things that are frankly illegal, and might drag them into illegality. And that this difference in attitude has political implications seems clear–the British and the Australians are chomping at the bit to get out of Iraq ASAP. It is clear that they have often felt in the past two years that American recklessness has put them needlessly at risk. Proud of their own community policing skills, when British forces were briefly moved up to Babil province (the “triangle of death”), they complained that they were going to a place that the Americans had already ruined and made dangerous. Whether it is a fair perception or not, it has consequences.

4) AIPAC controversy, covered in Tom Paine. The investigation and implications seem to be growing, to the consternation of…absolutely noone:

http://www.tompaine.com/articles/20050809/bigger_than_aipac.php

B
igger Than AIPAC
Robert Dreyfuss
August 09, 2005

Robert Dreyfuss is a freelance writer based in Alexandria, Va., who specializes in politics and national security issues. He is a contributing editor at The Nation, a contributing writer at Mother Jones, a senior correspondent for The American Prospect, and a frequent contributor to Rolling Stone. His book, Devil’s Game: How the United States Helped Unleash Fundamentalist Islam, will be published by Henry Holt/Metropolitan Books in the fall.

Important new details of the U.S.-Israeli espionage case involving Larry Franklin, the alleged Pentagon spy, two officials of the American-Israel Public Affairs Committee, and an intelligence official at the Embassy of Israel emerged last week. Two AIPAC officials—who have left the organization—were indicted along with Franklin on charges of “communicat[ing] national defense information to persons not entitled to receive it.” In plain English, if not legal-speak, that means spying.

But as the full text of the indictment makes clear, the conspiracy involved not just Franklin and the AIPAC officials, Steve Rosen and Keith Weissman, but at least several other Pentagon officials who played intermediary roles, at least two other Israeli officials, and one official at a “Washington, D.C. think tank.” It’s an old-fashioned spy story involving the passing of secret documents, hush-hush meetings and outright espionage, along with good-old-boy networking.

But the network tied to the “Franklin case”—which ought to be called the “AIPAC case,” since it was AIPAC that was really under investigation by the FBI—provides an important window into a shadowy world. It is clear that by probing the details of the case, the FBI has got hold of a dangerous loose end of much larger story. By pulling on that string hard enough, the FBI and the Justice Department might just unravel that larger story, which is beginning to look more and more like it involves the same nexus of Pentagon civilians, White House functionaries, and American Enterprise Institute officials who thumped the drums for war in Iraq in 2001-2003 and who are now trying to whip up an anti-Iranian frenzy as well.

Needless to say, all of this got short shrift from the mainstream media when it was revealed last week.
The basic facts of the case have been known for a while. Lawrence Anthony Franklin, a Department of Defense official, was caught red-handed giving highly classified papers to two officials, Steve Rosen and Keith Weissman, of AIPAC—in part, concerning U.S. policy toward the Islamic Republic of Iran, Iraq and the war on terrorism. But from the carefully worded indictment, it is clear that a lot more may have been going on. All in all, along with revealing tantalizing new information, the indictment raises more questions than it answers. To wit:

First, the indictment says that from “about April 1999 and continuing until on or about August 27, 2004” Franklin, Rosen and Weissman “did unlawfully, knowingly and willfully conspire” in criminal activity against the United States. So far, no one has explained what triggered an investigation that began more than six years ago. But it reveals how long the three indicted conspirators and “others, known and unknown to the Grand Jury,” engaged in such criminal activity. In any case, what appeared at first to be a brief dalliance between Franklin and the two AIPAC officials now—according to the latest indictment, at least—spans more than five years and involves at least several other individuals, at least some of whom are known to the investigation. What triggered the investigation in 1999, and how much information has FBI surveillance, wiretaps and other investigative efforts collected?

Second, the indictment makes it absolutely clear that the investigation was aimed at AIPAC, not at Franklin. The document charges that Rosen and Weissman met repeatedly with officials from a foreign government (Israel, though not named in the indictment) beginning in 1999, to provide them with classified information. In other words, the FBI was looking into the Israel lobby, not Franklin and the Defense Department, at the start, and Franklin was simply caught up in the net when he made contact with the AIPACers. Rosen and Weissman were observed making illicit contact with several other U.S. officials between 1999 and 2004, although those officials are left unnamed (and unindicted). Might there be more to come? Who are these officials, cited merely as United States Government Official 1, USGO 2, etc.?

Third, Franklin was introduced to Rosen-Weissman when the two AIPACers “called a Department of Defense employee (DOD employee A) at the Pentagon and asked for the name of someone in OSD ISA [Office of the Secretary of Defense, International Security Affairs] with an expertise on Iran” and got Franklin’s name. Who was “DOD employee A”? Was it Douglas Feith, the undersecretary for policy? Harold Rhode, the ghost-like neocon official who helped Feith assemble the secretive Office of Special Plans, where Franklin worked? The indictment doesn’t say. But this reporter observed Franklin, Rhode and Michael Rubin, a former AEI official who served in the Pentagon during this period and then returned to AEI, sitting together side by side, often in the front row, at American Enterprise Institute meetings during 2002-2003. Later in the indictment, we learn that Franklin, Rosen and Weissman hobnobbed with “DOD employee B,” too.

Fourth, Rosen and Weissman told Franklin that they would try to get him a job at the White House, on the National Security Council staff. Who did they talk to at the White House, if they followed through? What happened?

Fifth, the charging document refers to “Foreign Official 1,” also known as FO-1, obviously referring to an Israeli embassy official or an Israeli intelligence officer. It also refers later to FO-2, FO-3, etc., meaning that other Israeli officials were involved as well. How many Israeli officials are implicated in this, and who are they?

Sixth, was AEI itself involved? The indictment says that “on or about March 13, 2003, Rosen disclosed to a senior fellow at a Washington, D.C., think tank the information relating to the classified draft internal policy document” about Iran. The indictment says that the think tank official agreed “to follow up and see what he could do.” Which think tank, and who was involved?

The indictment is rich with other detail, including specific instances in which the indicted parties lied to the FBI about their activities. It describes how Franklin eventually set up a regular liaison with an Israeli official (“FO-3”) and met him in Virginia “and elsewhere” to communicate U.S. secrets.

It is an important story, arguably one that has greater implications for national security than the scandal involving the churlish outing of undercover CIA operative Valerie Plame. So far, at least, the media frenzy attending to the Plame affair is matched by nearly total silence about the Franklin-AIPAC affair? Can it be true that reporters are more courageous about pursuing a story that involves the White House than they are about plunging into a scandal that involves Israel, our No. 1 Middle East ally?

5) This is a solid, if long, analysis of the dangers of the Iraq quagmire for the region and world:

http://atimes.com/atimes/Middle_East/GH10Ak03.html

Middle EastAug 10, 2005
SPEAKING FREELY
Weapons of self-destruction
By W Joseph Stroupe

Speaking Freely is an Asia Times Online feature that allows guest writers to have their say. Please click here if you are interested in contributing.

Iraq is dangerously close to the threshold – the point of no return at which an ideological-sectarian chain reaction is triggered and a rapidly accelerated disintegration along sectarian lines occurs. The blinding flash of Iraq’s disintegration will be follo
wed closely by a powerful shockwave radiating outward in all directions, then by an irresistible reverse force that will pull Iraq’s neighbors into the vortex. That is the point at which the US begins to suffer an irreversible forfeiture in Iraq.

The political detonation described here, in which Iraq’s enriched, fissionable sectarian factions or elements are rammed together forcefully by the current US-driven political process, finally reach critical mass and then detonate to cause Iraq’s violent disintegration, is imminent. Consequently, not only has the US finally uncovered Iraq’s political WMSD (weapons of mass self-destruction) but it is also, knowingly or unknowingly, racing toward the triggering of a political fission bomb of enormous yield with widespread regional and even global fallout.

Enrichment of ideological-sectarian fissionable elements To achieve a fission detonation you must start with highly enriched fuel in which the concentration of the radioactive elements is very high in relation to the inert elements.

Several important factors have resulted in the ideological-sectarian elements in Iraq becoming very highly enriched. When the US collapsed the entire Saddam Hussein regime, at one and the same time it removed the damper block that kept Iraq’s sectarian factions under control. It removed the force of suppression that had kept Iraq’s primary three disparate ideologies from becoming concentrated, potent, radicalized or enriched enough to be politically fissionable. After the removal of Saddam’s regime the US replaced it with nothing to act as a suppressor or damper. Therefore, the political-ideological enrichment process, long suppressed, began to flourish out in the open as each of Iraq’s sectarian factions dreamed of establishing (or, in the case of Sunnis, reestablishing) itself in a position of freedom and of control over Iraq and its oil-rich regions.

Thus, the Kurdish faction became highly enriched politically and ideologically as respects its demand for an independent Kurdistan in Iraq’s north. Today, that faction proclaims that it will not compromise on its demands for Kurdish autonomy, retention of its own heavily armed militias and control of oil-rich Kirkuk. Neither will it submit to an Iraq governed by Islamic law.

Likewise, the Shi’ite faction is intent on establishing autonomous control over Iraq’s south and appears determined to put forth Islamic law as the basis for Iraq’s judiciary and system of laws. It is allying itself closely to Iran. The Shi’ite element has thus become very highly enriched.

Finally, the Sunni faction fears that federalism or outright autonomy in the oil-rich north and south will cause
Iraq’s breakup, leaving the Sunnis holding the comparatively worthless central regions of Iraq. It disdains Islamic law and has taken to violent means to try to prevent an Iraqi scenario that would leave it on the outside looking in. The Sunni element has thus become very highly enriched also.

Each of Iraq’s ideological-sectarian elements increasingly displays a high concentration of radioactive elements as compared to those elements that are inert. Radicalism flourishes in an environment of instability, violence and hopelessness. Such conditions prolonged for nearly two-and-a-half years after the destruction of the Saddam regime are causing Iraqis to revert to their respective ideological-political roots, to distrust, resent and even to despise rival sectarian factions and increasingly to push for the interests of one’s chosen sectarian faction to the exclusion of all others. Iraq’s three-way polarization is increasing, deepening. The ideological positions of each sectarian element are acutely hardening. That is akin to the enriching of Iraq’s ideological-sectarian elements, making those elements highly fissionable. Iraq does have extremely potent, highly enriched fissionable elements that have been uncovered by the US invasion and occupation. As such, Iraq already has all the elements and know-how for the production of a very potent political WMD, one that will result quickly in its self-destruction. It has only to be assembled and triggered.

However, as is often the case with the development of WMD, Iraq is receiving outside help to propel it along the destructive path. How so?

State of critical mass The achievement of an actual fission detonation occurs when highly enriched fissionable elements are quickly compressed together by outside forces to reach a state of critical mass. This can be accomplished by ramming those elements together or by spherically imploding the fissionable elements together. The result is a catastrophic fission detonation that releases far more energy than that used to achieve the initial implosion.

The US-driven political process in Iraq seeks to prevent the breakup of the country by creating a new democratic Iraqi government and constitution that bind Iraq’s sectarian elements together. That is a noble goal. However, the means employed by the US in an attempt to achieve that goal are very problematic and are inherently dangerous. So is the highly compressed timeframe for its achievement currently being pushed upon Iraq by the US. In effect, the US-driven means and timeframe amount to ramming or imploding Iraq’s fissionable sectarian elements together, rather than carefully and methodically binding them together. The US is foolishly risking a catastrophic political, ideological-sectarian fission detonation in Iraq. It is not only assembling the political fission bomb, but it is also flicking the trigger mechanism to see if it can get a light.

The US massively over-reached in Iraq when it launched its invasion, occupation and nation-building effort (collectively, “regime change”) in March 2003. Its costs (to the US) in terms of lives, money, political and diplomatic capital, global credibility and goodwill and military readiness have been colossal, and such costs continue to mount. The US is desperate, therefore, to significantly reduce its military presence and to try to put the Iraq crisis and all its implications and repercussions behind itself. That desperation is driving the extremely short, highly compressed timeframe for the achievement of political goals in Iraq. That highly compressed timeframe is entirely impractical and acutely dangerous. You simply cannot thrust Iraq’s highly enriched sectarian elements together so rapidly without risking an enormous and potent detonation.

Not only that, but the actual methods being employed by the US to try to consolidate Iraq’s ideological factions are far too dangerous and forceful. When the US drove the process of the drafting of the interim Iraqi constitution in 2004 when it handed sovereignty back to the interim Iraqi government, it pitted Iraq’s factions against one another out of fear one faction might rise to the ascendancy. Thus the interim constitution played well to Kurdish hopes, goals and interests but it simultaneously sought to undermine those of the larger Shi’ite faction. Sunni interests were largely ignored, or at least, grossly understated. At the same time, for fear that the Kurdish faction would gain inordinate potency, the document denied certain rights and goals sought with great determination by the Kurdish faction. The US has played the Kurdish and Sunni factions against the Shi’ite in various ways for fear the Shi’ite would gain the ascendancy. Such shortsighted methods bring to birth increased frustration, resentment and violence between factions.

Additionally, US policies and actions in Iraq have all too often employed inordinate force and even cruelty. The brutal and indiscriminate siege of Fallujah and the widespread Iraqi prisoner abuse scandal are notable examples. Such methods sow the seeds of deeper and wider resistance to the presence of foreign forces and foreign influence over domestic political processes. Far too large a percentage of Iraqis view the US as the oppressor rather than the liberator, and that percentage is growing rather than decli
ning. Consequently, attempting to promote democracy at the barrel of a gun tends to fundamentally undermine the credibility of the invading force, resulting in eventual forfeiture of that political objective as the sectarian factions succumb to deep-seated suspicion of the real motives of the occupying forces. And as Iraq’s environment slides ever faster toward greater sectarian violence and less security and stability, the US-driven political processes become less and less relevant and increasingly serve merely to showcase the fundamental incompatibility between Iraq’s factions. That fact greatly increases the tension and resentment between factions.

That was the case with respect to the Iraqi elections in January. Rather than serving to alleviate Iraq’s sectarian rivalries as hoped, the election results announced on February 13 significantly added fuel to the already raging fire in Iraq. The prospect of Shi’ite dominance, the Sunni minority status and Kurdish strength in the north were demonstrated by those election results. The incompatible goals and ideologies of Iraq’s three main factions were thus showcased. The result? Iraq’s insurgency kicked into high gear, Kurdish radicals launched more deadly attacks against Turkey and Turkish interests and Shi’ite militias resorted to revenge attacks against Sunnis. Some of Iraq’s most prominent leaders have recently stated without equivocation that
Iraq is already descending into the beginnings of a civil war. While the political process is not dead yet, each of Iraq’s main sectarian factions has moved outside that process in significant ways to secure its interests and goals as hopes for success of the political process fade into oblivion.

Draft constitution as the final trigger?Against that background the US is driving Iraq’s factions hard to complete by the August 15 deadline the drafting of Iraq’s new constitution. The US has openly entered the fray, pushing hard to ensure the document reads as it wishes. But such political pressure merely amounts to more of the same – a forced imploding together of Iraq’s highly enriched sectarian elements, elements that are now easily fissionable. The US is playing with nuclear fire in a political sense, therefore.

In the current situation in Iraq it will not require much additional in the way of outside pressure and force to finally implode Iraq’s highly enriched sectarian elements into a state of critical mass, resulting in a detonation no sane person wants. The imminent end of the process of the drafting of Iraq’s new constitution, or the failure of that process, is very likely to constitute the trigger for the detonation of Iraq’s political WMD. Whether that process of drafting a new constitution “succeeds” (highly unlikely) or fails, it will signal Iraq’s arrival at the threshold of an ideological-sectarian state of critical mass and a resulting detonation. How so?
The process of drafting Iraq’s constitution is ramming, or imploding together its fundamentally incompatible, highly enriched, fissionable sectarian factions. No workable solution to Iraq’s sectarian divisions exists – at least not in the acutely accelerated timeframe being pushed hard by the US.

On the issues of autonomy and federalism, the role of Islamic law, survival of Iraq’s sectarian, heavily armed militias and a number of other important issues Iraq’s factions have hardened their respective positions, are far apart, and are getting even further apart. Any “breakthrough” that might be achieved in the foreseeable future will be nothing more than an attempt to paper over such fundamental differences. Such a breakthrough will do nothing to alleviate Iraq’s volatile sectarian tensions. In fact, it would likely accomplish the precise opposite, outraging each faction because cherished, non-negotiable interests and goals of the respective factions would be watered down for the sake of an agreement that satisfies few if any fundamental goals and demands of those respective factions. Such an agreement would most likely be seen merely as an attempt to pacify the US occupier. Subsequently, abandonment of the US-driven political process in favor of strident self-interest would be the most likely course for each of the three main factions. In effect, a political fission detonation in the form of a breakup of Iraq, likely under conditions of a full-blown civil war, would quickly ensue.

If, as is most likely, Iraq’s factions come to the conclusion by the August 15 deadline that the political process is dead or dying and that the drafting of a new constitution has failed or is in serious trouble, then what? US pressure for the Iraqi representatives to go back to the table to iron out their differences and complete the drafting of the constitution will be enormous, but also very counter-productive, again amounting to a dangerous ramming or imploding together of Iraq’s fissionable elements. Such US pressure could actually trigger a nationwide political detonation.

As the August 15 deadline approaches Iraq is nearing the threshold, the point of no return, when a political chain reaction starts under rapidly building US pressure and moves quickly to a full-blown detonation. The US has removed all the safety mechanisms and is going for broke, as it were, with respect to Iraq’s political process. Iraq is therefore like a nuclear weapon that is already fully armed, and the countdown to detonation begins when parliament receives word on the state of the draft constitution. Iraq, as a nation, cannot survive the coming detonation.

Repercussions for Iraq, the US and the region A breakup of Iraq along sectarian lines, most likely violent and bloody, is becoming ever more likely as the political process advances. That is because Iraq is itself an artificial creation composed of sectarian factions that are fundamentally incompatible with each other. And as the political process advances those fundamental incompatibilities are brought painfully to the surface to be showcased for all to see. The participants in that process are becoming ever more convinced that their future lies along the path of regional autonomy, or even secession.

However, a Kurdish-dominated autonomous or independent Kurdistan in the north that lays claim to Kirkuk will spark intervention by Turkey and perhaps Syria. Against the backdrop of increasing terrorist attacks on Turkish interests, ongoing ethnic reconfiguration of north Iraq in favor of the Kurdish faction but detrimental to Turkomen and Arabs, and the growing restiveness of Kurdish minorities inside Turkey, Syria and Iran, Turkish-Syrian intervention is imminent. It could occur at any time.

In the south of Iraq the Shi’ite faction already is moving much closer to Iran. It also is prepared for Shi’ite autonomy, or even secession, if it deems that action to be in its best interests. It has Iran’s promise of economic, energy and security assistance. Thus, the formation of a new Islamic state governed by Shi’ite ideology is becoming a very high probability, whereas not long ago that eventuality was considered somewhat unlikely.

In the Sunni triangle the anger, frustration and violence is the greatest, and that will only worsen as the Sunni faction becomes ever more disenfranchised and isolated from Iraq’s oil wealth potential. With all three factions heavily armed and intent on preserving their respective interests at all costs, a full-blown civil war simultaneous with Iraq’s breakup is a high probability.

The US will either be stuck in the middle with the Sunnis, trying in vain to keep the warring factions separated or it will be forced by events to withdraw its forces under fire, letting Iraq go in whatever direction it may go. Either way, the US loses in a colossal way. Its democratic goals and energy security interests in the entire region will be forfeited as Iraq disintegrates and its neighbors (Turkey, Syria and Iran) rush in to pick up the pieces, discounting completely US interests in the process.

The rise of Turkey, of Syria, and
most notably of Shi’ite Iran allied closely with a new Shi’ite Islamic state in south Iraq will receive a giant push forward. The rise of Iran in particular will have far-reaching consequences for the US and the world. And insurgents and terrorists now operating in Iraq will be flung far outside Iraq, region-wide, to threaten the safety and stability of oil-rich pro-US regimes in Kuwait, Oman, the United Arab Emirates and Saudi Arabia. These developments and others like them will constitute the toxic fallout of Iraq’s political fission detonation.

The US considers this to be the true nightmare scenario, and for very good reason. However, not only it is now powerless to stop that scenario from coming true, it is foolishly helping to bring it about! The US cannot possibly face a withdrawal of its forces from Iraq under fire in the scenario detailed above and at the same time leave Iran intact, enabling it to be catapulted to the status of the new Islamic nuclear superpower at the head of the Persian Gulf. However, the risks of hitting Iran militarily on the way out of Iraq are enormous, even colossal. The after-effects of such a strategy are almost too terrible to consider when one looks at the political, ideological and economic repercussions. Yet, the Bush administration will soon have to choose which of its self-made evils is the lesser, and it is not yet safe to conclude there will be no US or Israeli military hit on ascendant Iran.

The imminent forfeiture and disintegration of Iraq will live up in every way to the analogy used here of a detonation of a weapon of mass self-destruction. The approaching August 15 deadline for the completion of Iraq’s draft constitution will likely be an important marked point in time, when the shortened countdown to that detonation begins.

W Joseph Stroupe is editor in chief of Global Events Magazine at www.GeoStrategyMap.com, and online magazine specializing in strategic analysis and forecasting.

(Copyright 2005 W Joseph Stroupe)

Speaking Freely is an Asia Times Online feature that allows guest writers to have their say. Please click here if you are interested in contributing.

6) Another characterization of the Iraq front, from near Tikrit. Does seem like Vietcong in the desert:

http://ledger.southofboston.com/articles/2005/08/03/news/news02.txt

DANGERS OF THE SUNNI TRIANGLE: South Shore at the front – Massachusetts National Guard troops in insurgent hotbed
By PETER DOLAN
For The Patriot Ledger

Editor’s note: Peter Dolan, a 38-year-old stockbroker from Arlington, spent June 27 through July 4 as an embedded journalist in Iraq.

For most of that time, he was at Forward Operating Base Speicher, a former Iraqi Air Force base just northwest of Tikrit.

The commander of the garrison, Col. Francis McGinn, 42, is from Braintree. Among the 950 Massachusetts National Guard soldiers and airman now in Iraq, two units are stationed at Speicher.

I arrived at Forward Operating Base Speicher after a 110-mile helicopter ride from the Green Zone in Baghdad. To avoid missiles, the heavily armed Blackhawk helicopter rarely flew above 150 feet on the trip into the Sunni Triangle, the most dangerous part of Iraq.

During my first night at Speicher, Col. Francis McGinn received a midnight phone call and raced off.
A Humvee patrolling the perimeter of the base had taken small arms fire, and had been unable to locate its origin.

Two Apache helicopters were scrambled and were above the scene in four minutes. Despite using their advanced night vision equipment, they were also unable to locate the enemy.

Nothing causes an Army base commander in Iraq to lose more sleep.

‘‘My first priority is avoiding a catastrophic event,” the 42-year-old McGinn, a Braintree resident, said. ‘‘For example, an insurgent penetrating the base perimeter at night wearing a suicide vest of explosives.”
Promoted to colonel on June 9, McGinn is responsible for overseeing a sprawling base in hostile territory. Tikrit is the hometown of Saddam Hussein.

Speicher and base Danger, in a former palace site overlooking the Tigris River eight miles away, are prime targets for insurgents.

Among the troops under McGinn’s command are National Guard units from Massachusetts, part of the 42nd Infantry Division.

For McGinn, the bottom line is ‘‘force protection,” military jargon for getting through each day without losing any of his men. On a desert base outside Tikrit, that is no easy task.

‘‘The enemy we face here is vicious. He has absolutely no regard for the value of human life. They always come up with something new,” he said.

One soldier stationed at Speicher, Sgt. Manny Hornedo, 27, of Sunset Park, N.Y., died on June 28 when a car bomb exploded as he passed by in a Humvee on his way back to the base.

Hornedo, a machine gunner, had been credited with saving many lives by spotting six cars loaded with bombs before they could be detonated.

McGinn’s family knows the cost of war.

His grandfather and namesake, 1st Lt. Francis McGinn, died in the Battle of Leyte Gulf in the Phillippines in 1944. He left behind a wife and six children in Dorchester.

A magnet for attacks

Like most bases in the Sunni Triangle, Speicher has received its share of attention from the enemy.
‘‘We have taken mortar and rocket fire,” McGinn said. ‘‘The mortars are not particularly accurate, and rockets are essentially mortars, but fired from farther away and even less accurate. When it happens, we have radar which locks in on the point of origin. If it will not involve civilian casualties, we then return fire with artillery. Otherwise, we deploy a (base reaction force). The enemy adapts, and now they use egg timers and are long gone by the time we actually take fire.”

On May 4, an American ground force working with Apache helicopters from Speicher captured 22 insurgents preparing a rocket attack.

In addition to 122mm rockets and a launcher, they possessed a global positioning system and a diagram with coordinates to buildings located on Speicher, Danger and another nearby base, Summerall, where most members of the Quincy-based 1st Battalion, 102nd Field Artillery unit are stationed.

The dining facility at Summerall had been marked with a fork and spoon.

Apaches inspire confidence

Late one afternoon on the way to a meeting, we passed a squadron of Apaches, a reassurance to everyone on the base.

Described as a flying tank, the helicopter is designed to survive most attacks and is able to take out heavily armored ground vehicles and tanks. It has laser-guided Hellfire missiles and a 30mm automatic cannon.
That evening, when the 125 degrees of the afternoon had given way to a balmy 90, I returned to the airfield and found Chief Warrant Officer Danny Heggie, 56, a veteran Apache pilot from Canton who was based in Texas before he was deployed.

Walking with him from the landing zone into the tactical operation center of his unit, I noticed a sticker on the door that read, ‘‘Cheat Death.”

Despite the awesome power of the Apache, the sticker is perfectly appropriate. On June 27, an Apache was
shot down 20 miles north of Baghdad, killing both pilots.

It was the 13th helicopter shot down since the war began, and the second Apache.

Heggie, an affable sort and quick with a laugh, shrugged off the danger, preferring to discuss the National Hockey League than the lethal capabilities of his $20 million Apache. At one point in our conversation, though, he became thoughtful.

‘‘Listen, when we go into Mr. Haji’s neighborhood,” he said, using a common term for insurgents, ‘‘we are the hammer. Those
kids on the ground can get into some real tough situations, and I feel a responsibility to them, and to their families back home.

‘‘If the enemy tries to kill them, then you can be damned sure that I will kill the enemy. When we are around, generally, our guys are safe.

‘‘You can hear the tension in their voices melt away when they hear us radio back to them that we are on the way,” Heggie said. ‘‘When we get that call, the enemy is usually gone when we arrive on scene. They’ve learned – the hard way.”

With that, Heggie’s smile returned, and he launched into an enthusiastic assessment of the Dallas Stars.
Paying the price

As I sat in McGinn’s office one morning, he received a disturbing report. One of the few locals audacious enough to work on the American base had been murdered by insurgents the night before, in reprisal.

The colonel decided to visit the victim’s home that afternoon to offer his condolences.

The garrison commander does not typically go on patrols in the Sunni Triangle, but the man’s death had clearly angered him.

At noon, we attended a patrol briefing. In a scene reminiscent of a pep talk given by a profane and fiery coach, a major barked out instruction to 30 men. But the serious countenances of the men, many of them friends of
Sergeant Hornedo, were a sharp reminder that this was no game.

At 1 p.m., we left Speicher in a two- Humvee patrol, headed northwest into the desert. Every half mile or so, we passed a clay home, and one of the drivers, Sgt. Craig Carrigan of Amesbury, pointed out which were friendly and which were not. It was his beat, and he knows it well.

At one point, we bypassed a small town.

‘‘If a patrol drove through there, it would probably be met with small arms fire and RPGs (rocket-propelled grenades). Nope, two Humvees ain’t gonna cut it in there. Personally, I’d like to go in heavy, but that’s not my call.”

When we arrived at the home of the victim, a one-story, clay home, seven or eight young boys walked out to greet us, all staring with wild curiosity.

Several women emerged from the home and eyed us warily. As the two teams dismounted the Humvees, the women ran to the back, out of sight.

Carrigan noticed my reaction.

‘‘It’s all right, sir, that’s just the way they are,” he said. ‘‘In some of these homes, they might stay in the same room as we speak with the men, but if you even glance at them, they will at least cover their faces and look away, if not run out the door altogether.”

The dead man’s brother and cousin led us to a car covered by a tarpaulin. They removed the covering to show three bullet holes in the windshield and blood stains on the front seat.

Despite their grief and at considerable risk, the older of the two men asked us to stay for dinner,

‘‘Please, colonel, you and your men, stay and we eat. We will kill a sheep.”

McGinn begged off, and we resumed our patrol.

Two hours later, the gunner in the other Humvee called over on the radio about a suspicious car that had been popping up every 15 minutes from behind a sand berm a mile or two away.

We were being watched, and Carrigan knew why.

‘‘Every home we stop at, the insurgents will come by some time over the next few days, drag the men outside,
threaten all, and beat some,” he said. ‘‘They will try and find out if we were just questioning them, or are they cooperating with us?”

Soon, McGinn gave an order to pursue the car, and on the gravelly, makeshift road of the desert, the Humvees quickly overtook it.

The two men inside stopped, and soldiers surrounded their vehicle with M-16s leveled. McGinn drew his pistol and ordered the men out of the car.

He instructed them to empty out the trunk. A thorough search of the men and the vehicle turned up nothing, and they were released.

‘‘Those were very probably insurgents on reconnaissance, but they had nothing on them and we have no reason to detain them,” McGinn said.

At 5 p.m., McGinn ordered the Humvees back to the base, and 45 minutes later we passed through the front gate.

Inside the base, above the barracks, a Red Sox World Series pennant flapped in a stiff desert wind.
Copyright 2005 The Patriot LedgerTransmitted Wednesday, August 03, 2005

7) Justice in Israel — this article refers to the shooting of several Palestinians on a minibus by an Israeli extremists, and the justice efforts resulting from the event:

http://www.haaretz.com/hasen/spages/610683.html

Punishment depends on nationality
By Amira Hass

Shortly after the murders in Shfaram, it was reported that those wounded and the families of the murder victims would receive recognition as victims of terrorism, dealt with and compensated accordingly. And the question immediately arose, since when do you highlight as a news item something that is self-explanatory and common sense? Except that equality among Jews and Arabs in Israel is not something self-explanatory. Therefore the news item, which should never have been a news item, was appropriate.

The news item – and the atmosphere of disgust which led to it – can challenge bureaucrats in the ministries of finance and health and the National Insurance Institute, who operate according to customs and laws that discriminate against Arab citizens.

A news item like this affords an opportunity to examine other layers of inequality among Jews and Arabs, which undermine the definition of the State of Israel as a democracy. One such “obvious” layer of inequality is the attitude of the judicial and prison system toward Arab Israeli defendants and inmates being held on security grounds, and the discrimination made between them and Jewish defendants and inmates.

Security prisoners who are Israeli Arabs are subject to discrimination, on three levels, compared with Israeli Jews who have harmed Arabs: In the severity of the punishment meted out by Israeli judges; in their chances for early parole (as a result of amnesty or time off for good behavior after serving two thirds of their sentence); and their conditions of incarceration.

In 1993, Yoram Skolnik murdered an Arab who was bound hand and foot, and was given a life sentence. President Ezer Weizman twice reduced his sentence: first to 15 years, and then to 11 years and three months. He was ultimately released seven years after his arrest.

Skolnik is part of a list of Jews who murdered Arabs and were released by the judicial system. In contrast, Arab prisoners are sentenced to life or lengthy prison terms, even if they were not convicted of murder. For example, Mukhles Burghal and Mohammad Ziade were given life sentences 18 years ago. They were convicted of tossing a grenade at a bus carrying soldiers. The grenade failed to explode. Burghal, who threw the grenade, had his sentence reduced to 40 years. The sentence imposed on Ziade, who had signaled him when the bus approached, remained unchanged: life in prison.

David Sharvit of the settlement Bracha was sentenced in 1994 to five years in prison, after being convicted of causing grievous bodily harm to a 13-year-old Arab boy. Aryeh Chelouche was sentenced to seven years in prison after being convicted for attempted murder of Arabs in 1990. Menachem Livni was among those convicted for murdering students at a college in Hebron in 1984, and was sentenced to life. All are walking around free today. But Othman Meragha and Mahmoud Zahra of Jerusalem were sentenced in 1989 to 27 years in prison for throwing Molotov cocktails and damaging property. They are still in prison.

Burghal, Ziade, Zahra and their friends, who did not murder, are living under much harsher prison conditions than the murderer Ami Popper, who has the blood of seven Arab l
aborers on his hands: his life sentence was reduced to 40 years, he was permitted to marry, have conjugal visits, bring five children into the world, visit them, go on furlough and phone home daily. Security prisoners who are Israeli citizens and residents of Jerusalem cannot make use of the public pay phone, are not permitted to go on leave with their families, not even when a parent or other relative is dying or has died, are allotted fewer hours than criminal inmates for walking in the prison yard, their family visits take place behind iron grates and plastic and glass divisions, and they are forbidden even to hug their children and touch their wives.

A long chain of Israelis are complicit in the inequality entailed in every such day in prison: the judges, who imposed on Arabs much tougher sentences than those imposed on Jews who have commited similar and grave offenses; the members of parole boards, who reduced the sentence of Jewish murderers and know that the “time-off committees” generally refuse to release Arabs, including murderers; presidents of Israel, who reduced sentences and granted amnesty to Jews; and their advisers, the heads of law schools, who do not raise a hue and cry and demand constant reexamination of a system which has different standards of judging and imprisoning, depending on a person’s nationality.

Let not the lynch in Shfaram serve as a excuse for ignoring this inherent structural discrimination within the Israeli judicial and prison system.

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Cindy, Patrol, Cook, Rubin x 2

1) If you’ve got the gumption, ability, and inclination, consider going to Crawford, TX and protesting with Cindy Sheehan. She and her several dozen supporters may be arrested today, and it is time they got more support:

http://www.meetwithcindy.org/

[It appears as though this site is either swamped, or being torpedoed by someone, but it’s all there is]

2) This patrol sounds like a nightmare. What can one do when everyone is against you, and no one says a word?:

http://www.duluthsuperior.com/mld/duluthsuperior/news/world/12326724.htm

Insurgents in western Iraq town prove an elusive enemy for Marines

BY TOM LASSETER
Knight Ridder Newspapers

HAQLANIYAH, Iraq – (KRT) – The U.S. and Iraqi troops trudged through the narrow, dusty alleyways looking for an enemy that disappears like a ghost and hoping a rocket-propelled grenade would not come screaming from the rooftops. They squinted at graffiti calling for their execution, and tore down leaflets bragging about 20 Marines killed nearby last week.

With most of the fighting over after a large-scale invasion of the western Iraq town Friday, the troops in Haqlaniyah spent hours Sunday under a fiery sun looking for an adversary that often shoots and vanishes without a trace.

Their frustration mirrors that of units in much of western Iraq, where homebred Sunni Muslim insurgents – some angry about the downfall of secular dictator Saddam Hussein, others seeking the dream of a Sunni theocracy – have joined with foreign fighters coming across a porous desert border looking for the glory of international jihad.

The guerrilla fighters often leave a rear guard to fight advancing U.S. forces, while moving the majority of their men on to other towns where the Marines have no presence and the police have fled or been disbanded.
For the past two years, the U.S. military has staged operations through the vast deserts of western Iraq, chasing insurgents up and down the Euphrates River valley that splits the sands.

As troops walked in and out of houses Sunday, they heard phones ringing. An Iraqi interpreter working with the Marines, who gave his name as Sabah, picked up phones when he could reach them in time.

When he hung up, Sabah smiled. The callers said to be careful – the Americans are on their way.

“We need to win the intelligence war, that’s what it’s all about,” said Marine Capt. John A. Kasparian, a spokesman for Marines in the area. As more Iraqi troops move into towns, they hope to be able to get a better idea of who the insurgents are and how they operate, he said.

Standing in front of their homes, Haqlaniyah’s sons said the insurgents – called mujahadeen, or holy warriors, here – are everywhere, but they did not know where to find them.

Army Capt. Terrence Sommers spent much of the day with the Iraqi troops he advises, looking for some hint of the enemy.

Khalif Hamadi, a paunchy, middle-aged man with a bemused grin, told Sommers that the mujahadeen run the town of Haqlaniyah.

“You say the area is bad, but where do the bad people live?” Sommers asked.

“I see them driving on the roads but I don’t know where they live,” Hamadi said. “I don’t know where they’re going.”

Hamadi and Sommers stood for awhile, staring at each other, both knowing that Hamadi was not telling all he knew.

Hamadi broke the silence: “Nobody can say anything about them because they are dangerous people.”
Down the street, there was a newly built wall between two buildings that, from the street, looked like the back of a small home. On the other side, though, was a footpath that led to another footpath that led to a road a couple of blocks away.

“Damn,” Sommers said, “that’s a great escape route.”

In a formation of Iraqi troops behind Sommers, Sgt. Ahmed Waheed said he thought most insurgents had hidden their weapons and gone back to tending their gardens or herding sheep.

“I know the difference between a foreign Arab fighter and an Iraqi, but when the fighter is Iraqi, I cannot tell who he is,” Waheed said. “We cannot recognize the enemy because he dresses like a civilian and he drives in a civilian car. He looks like everyone else.”

The men found traces in some houses. Three brothers were found with a high-powered pair of binoculars. A man had a flour sack of new tennis shoes hidden in a barrel behind a goat pen. And a medical clinic had fliers on the wall extolling the virtues of deposed dictator Saddam Hussein.

Rifling through the bag of shoes, Sommers frowned.

“The doctor heals them, these guys give them shoes, another guy is the forward observer – it’s like an assembly line,” said Sommers, 34, of Augusta, Ga. “They know when we’re coming and going. There’s not much we can do.”

A few miles to the north was Haditha, the site of a bloody ambush that killed six Marines on Aug. 1 – including one whose corpse was reportedly videotaped by insurgents – and a powerful roadside bomb that killed 14 on Wednesday.

“Those insurgents, they’ll pay for what they did last week – it may not be tomorrow, but they’ll pay,” said
Marine Private First Class Scotty Sanders, 20, of Woodstock, Ala. “That’s why we’re here.”

Late in the morning, Sommers and his men stopped to speak with an elderly man and his son, Mohammed, an employee in Iraq’s Ministry of Oil. The old man, who did not give his name, was busy warning about the dangers of the insurgency as Iraqi troops searched his son’s truck.

There was a stack of cassette tapes. They popped one in and turned up the volume. A man’s voice wailed: “The people must come to Jihad in Iraq. The Americans are here, come to Jihad.”

As Sommers walked through the downtown market area later, his translator called out the meaning of graffiti spray-painted on almost every storefront – “Allah is our God, Jihad is our way”; “Long live the mujahadeen”; “Long live jihad”; “It is your duty to fight for jihad in Iraq”; “Death to those who collaborate with Americans.”
Sweat poured down Sommers’ face. His uniform was caked with dirt. An Army reservist who has a private legal practice in Augusta, Sommers had just 16 days before finishing his tour in Iraq. It was something he looked forward to, he said.

Back in the Iraqi formation, Waheed said he didn’t know where the insurgents were, but he was certain of one thing: “When we leave, they will come back.”

3) Here’s a Robin Cook Op-Ed written on the one yearanniversary of the invasion of Iraq, which shows whyhis sudden death is quite a loss:

http://comment.independent.co.uk/columnists_a_l/robin_cook/article304418.ece

Robin Cook, who died on Saturday, was one of the mostprincipled and eloquent politicians of our time. Here,in a column he wrote for ‘The Independent’ in Marchlast year, he holds the Government to account for itswar on Saddam. His strikingly prescient words are morerelevant than ever

“We would have made more progress against terrorism ifwe had brought peace to Palestine rather than war toIraq”

Published: 08 August 2005

Britain is a nation given to commemorating ourmilitary actions. Even 60 years on, we are preparingto remember the D-Day invasion and honour theincomparable courage of the men who waded ashore thatday.
It says much about the nervousness in government overIraq that they have no plans to mark tomorrow’sanniversary of the invasion of Iraq. This is verysensible on their part. Any retrospective examinationwould inevitably draw attention to questions that theyfind increasingly difficult to answer, such as whythey ever believed Saddam was a threat sin
ce he turnsout to have had no nuclear programme, no chemical orbiological agents, and no delivery system with whichto fire them.

A fitting way to mark the anniversary would be todrive a stake through the doctrine of pre-emptivestrike and bury it where it cannot be disinterred tojustify another unilateral military adventure. The newBush doctrine claimed the right to make war on anycountry that could be a potential threat some yearsdown the road. Iraq has proved beyond any reasonabledoubt that intelligence cannot provide evidencereliable enough to justify war on such a speculativebasis….

5) And now for something completely different, from the opposite side of the spectrum. This writer urges “no compromise” with the insurgents and Ba’athists in Iraq, and cites examples where — and this is interesting if one ponders — after Ba’athists who had been placed in power were removed, violence broke out. He claims that this is a sign that they should never have been given the chance to seed the interim government with their own appointees. It could equally be said to prove that the Ba’athists are actually pretty popular in certain parts of the country, and if you remove them from power and imprison them, you have an insurgency. Anyhow, read his posting and figure out for yourself which theory holds more water. The only consolation when reading tripe like this is that it would appear as though such neo-cons are actually losing the debate, along with their precious war:

The Price of Compromise
by Michael Rubin
New York Sun
August 8, 2005

http://www.meforum.org/article/741http://www.nysun.com/article/18221

Insurgent violence has taken a heavy toll on the U.S. in Iraq. A series of attacks earlier this month pushed the total of American fatalities past 1,800. The mounting casualties have shaken American confidence. Terrorism has hit Iraqis even harder. On Capitol Hill, there are bipartisan calls for the White House to establish a timeline for withdrawal. Secretary of Defense Rumsfeld has been floating trial balloons. Senior military officials and diplomats, meanwhile, seek to deflate the insurgency. They urge Iraqis to embrace and engage former Baathists, Islamists, and Arab Sunni rejectionists. If the Sunnis can be brought into the fold, the conventional wisdom goes, peace and reconciliation will prevail.

But the conventional wisdom is wrong. The insurgency has gained momentum as a result of failed U.S. policy and well-meaning but wrong-headed assumptions.

The coalition’s ouster of Saddam Hussein was popular among the vast majority of Iraqis. They greeted American troops warmly. There were flowers and candies. Iraqis danced as Saddam’s statues fell. But the honeymoon faltered and collapsed amid looting and confusion about American intentions.

Throughout the 35-year Baathist dictatorship, survival depended upon maintaining a low profile and divining the leader’s wishes. Iraqis would note with whom the leader met as a sign of favor. Officials would parse televised speeches to fine-tune their sycophancy.

Generations of Iraqis continued their Kremlinology when Jay Garner arrived as the director of the Office of Reconstruction and Humanitarian Assistance. They watched as he repeatedly met with Saad al-Janabi, a former Baathist businessman and a close associate of Saddam’s late son-in-law, Hussein Kamal. Iraqis interpreted Garner’s outreach to an agent of influence of the former regime as a sign that the White House might restore the former regime to power. The fear had precedent. In 1991, President George H.W. Bush called upon Iraqis to rise up in rebellion against Saddam Hussein. They did. But the White House did not come to their aid. According to the Iraqi narrative, Washington shared responsibility for the subsequent massacres by releasing Republican Guard prisoners-of-war in time for their redeployment against the civilians. Garner’s choice of dinner guests might have been innocuous to American diplomats and military officers eager to catalyze reconciliation, but it created a chill of distrust among ordinary Iraqis. More importantly, it convinced high-level Baathists that they need fear no justice.

A faulty belief in reconciliation is largely responsible for the disintegration of security in Mosul. Rather than confront Baathists and Islamists, General David Petraeus empowered them. Discussing his strategy at the Washington Institute for Near East Policy on April 7, 2004, Petraeus explained, “The coalition must reconcile with a number of the thousands of former Ba’ath officials … giving them a direct stake in the success of the new Iraq.” Good in theory, but the result was Potemkin calm.

Petraeus assigned former Baathist General Mahmud Muhammad al-Maris, for example, to lead Iraqi Border Police units guarding the Syrian border. Al-Maris handpicked allies and poked holes in an already porous border. Petraeus allowed another former Baathist, General Muhammad Kha’iri Barhawi, to be Mosul’s police chief. Not only did such a choice demoralize Iraqis who suffered under the former regime, but it undercut security.

On July 26, 2004, Brigadier General Andrew MacKay, head of the Coalition Police Assistance Training Team, told Pentagon officials. “We are seeing an increasing confidence within the Iraqi Police Service as they realize they are more than a match for the terrorists – even more so when they are led by officers of Major General Barhawi’s ability.” Unfortunately, the confidence was misinterpreted. After the November 2004 uprising in Mosul, Coalition officials learned that Barhawi had organized insurgent cells and enabled Islamists and former Baathists to briefly seize the city. Barhawi is now in prison. And both Iraqis and Americans are dead because of misplaced confidence and baseless theories.

Under Saddam Hussein, Baathists survived by ingratiating themselves to power. Too often, U.S. officials would base judgments on their own conversations, unaware of what former regime officials said behind their backs. The loyalty former regime elements and Islamists show is illusionary. In January 2004, for example, a delegation from the Ninewah provincial council visited Makhmur, a town in the Erbil governorate but tied administratively to Mosul. When an accompanying diplomat excused herself briefly, a translator – a former student of mine – said that councilmen berated the mayor for collaborating with the Americans. In Mosul, Petraeus created not placidity, but rather a safe-haven for terror.

Engagement and reconciliation may be the bread-and-butter of diplomacy, but in Iraq they are a prescription for failure. There is a correlation between re-Baathification and violence. Baghdad’s security situation deteriorated sharply after Coalition Provisional Administration head L. Paul Bremer on April 23, 2004 declared, “Many Iraqis have complained to me that de-Baathification policy has been applied unevenly and unjustly. I have looked into these complaints and they are legitimate.”

While Bremer argued that only implementation – not policy – changed, Iraqis felt otherwise. Their perception was validated one week later when Coalition forces lifted the siege of Fallujah and empowered former Baathists and insurgents in the name of reconciliation. Within a month, car bombings across Iraqi had increased 600%.

A belief persists in Foggy Bottom, Langley, and the White House that extensive de-Baathification is unpopular and destabilizing. Facts suggest otherwise. The Embassy embraced politicians like Interim Prime Minister Iyad Allawi and former Governing Council member Adnan Pachachi because they favored Baathist reintegration. Given a choice at the ballot box, however, Iraqis rewarded candidates who promised tough implementation of de-Baathification. Pachachi, once the shining star of the State Department, failed to win a single seat. Incumbent Allawi mustered only 15
% of the vote.

Engagement has a price. In June 2005, word leaked that U.S. officials had engaged Iraqi insurgents in order to encourage them to join the political process. A National Security Council senior director rationalized the approach by differentiating between “talking to” and “negotiating with” insurgents. The Arab world drew no such distinction. A June 28, 2005 ash-Sharq al-Awsat cartoon depicted Uncle Sam, surrounded by barbed wire, with an insurgent blocking his path to escape. The lesson drawn was that the U.S. was weak, not magnanimous. Violence spiked soon after.

Political compromises sometimes carry a high price. As a consequence of adding 15 Sunni Arab members to the Constitutional Commission, women may lose their rights across Iraqi society. Contrary to popular wisdom, Iraq’s Sunni political leaders are more Islamist than many of their Shi’ite counterparts. Blatant sectarian pandering backfires.

American strategy in Iraq is fatally flawed. Not just policy implementation has gone awry, but rather the assumptions upon which policy is based. Iraq is neither an academic problem nor a template upon which to impose theories imported from Bosnia and Kosovo. It is a unique society with a very vocal population. Blinded by a false conventional wisdom, we refuse to listen. The cost has been bitterness among natural allies, emboldening of terrorists, and unnecessary American and Iraqi casualties.

Mr. Rubin, a resident scholar at the American Enterprise Institute, is editor of the Middle East Quarterly.

6) Interestingly, in the below article, I actually agree with the same writer who wrote the howler above. Here he urges a drawdown of the US civilian presence in the Green Zone — and he’s entirely right on that count:

Less Is More in Iraq
by Michael Rubin
Washington Post
August 9, 2005

http://www.meforum.org/article/742

As Iraqis near a deadline to unveil their new constitution, violence continues to plague the country, undercutting reconstruction and spurring talk of a U.S. military withdrawal. “Once Iraq is safely in the hands of the Iraqi people, and a government they elected under a new constitution, our troops will be able to come home with the honor they have earned,” Defense Secretary Donald Rumsfeld said on Aug. 2.

While Washington sees the constitutional milestone as an opportunity to withdraw some forces, policymakers should not limit their downsizing to the military presence. It’s time for many of the civilians to go home as well. The embassy and contractor presence in Iraq has grown too large, and diplomacy and reconstruction have suffered as a result.

Baghdad boasts the world’s largest U.S. embassy. More than 800 diplomats and half that many intelligence officials work within the marble corridors of Saddam Hussein’s former palace. Large blast walls — so heavy that they have damaged the local sewer system — secure the neighborhood.

The ill-placed cantonment has inconvenienced a city of 5 million. A drive from middle-class Mansur to the University of Baghdad once took 15 minutes. It now takes over an hour. Ordinary Iraqis do not meet these diplomats; regulations prevent embassy personnel from leaving the Green Zone. After the November 2004 death of education adviser Jim Mollen, the embassy sent e-mails to all staff, underlining the prohibition against leaving the compound unless escorted by a military convoy. Approval, which takes three days, is no certainty. The Bureau of Consular Affairs continues to warn that “travel to and from the International Zone is extremely limited.”

Such isolation undercuts both the confidence even Iraqi political leaders have in their interlocutors and the ability of diplomats to advise. Elsewhere in the Middle East, diplomats cultivate sources. They wine and dine them. They visit each others’ homes. Their children attend the same schools. But in Iraq, while diplomats can send cables about conversations they have with Iraqi politicians inside the Green Zone convention center, where the National Assembly meets, Iraq’s power brokers hash out their deals at night and in private homes. The real Iraq cannot be seen by helicopter. Embassy cables and reports from the U.S. Agency for International Development are sterile.

Outside the Green Zone, much of the civilian presence is at best an irritant. As I was traveling down the “Highway of Death” from the airport to central Baghdad recently, traffic screeched to a halt behind a slow-moving convoy of private security contractors waving weaponry and shouting obscenities. To avoid the mess, my Iraqi driver detoured through both Sunni and Shiite neighborhoods, providing me an instant primer on both the resourcefulness of Iraqi commerce and its problems: gasoline black marketing, gerrymandered generators and businesses shuttered for lack of electricity — a world largely invisible to most of the outsiders roaming the area.

The civilian presence has become a drain on resources. In 2004 officials shifted a quarter of the funds allocated for water and electricity to security, which at times probably does more harm than good. In January insurgents killed a dozen Iraqis working on Baghdad’s electrical plant one day after two U.S. contractors had made a visit, escorted by an ostentatious convoy of Humvees and SUVs. A surprise visit by a single Iraqi with a digital camera would have enabled the same oversight and saved 12 lives.

A smaller embassy in Baghdad would mean more funds for Iraqis. One contractor, Research Triangle Institute International, had to shut down some of its projects to divert reconstruction funds to security. Local workers can do without the private security people whom foreign contractors employ and whose recklessness Iraqis despise. Iraqi civilians and politicians both identify the security contractors as the biggest impediment to the battle for hearts and minds. Nor would Iraqis spend aid money on unnecessary foreign personnel. Last month USAID allocated $32,000 for a driver to chauffeur the head of its mission in the protected zone. Injected into the local economy, such an amount could purchase a generator that would keep several local businesses going.

Oversight is important, but absent the ability of accountants and auditors to leave the security zone, their effectiveness is no better than if they were based in Washington. Layers of bureaucracy have not stamped out corruption among either Iraqis or Americans. A better model would be expansion of the Commander’s Emergency Relief Program, which allows U.S. military officers to disburse funds immediately to replace power lines, rehabilitate water treatment plants and renovate schools. Officers remain in the field and accountable for their decisions. In contrast, less than a third of the $18.4 billion Iraq Relief and
Reconstruction Fund, appropriated in November 2003, has been spent.

Iraqis have shown what they can accomplish without us. Today Iraqi Kurdistan is a model for the rest of the country, and yet in 1991 it was devastated by an uprising and looting. With international protection but no significant external aid for several years after, the Kurds rebuilt their region. The progress evident in Baghdad — new stores, private banks, Internet cafes — is largely despite us rather than because of us.

It would be nice to bring troops home, but many civilians should come along as well. A smaller embassy shifts responsibilities and accountability to Iraq’s new government. That is what the country’s transition to democracy should be about.

The writer, a resident scholar at the American Enterprise Institute, is editor of Middle East Quarterly.

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Cindy Sheehan, Judith Miller, Mark LeVine, Ibrahim Ferrer

1) This is an update on that deceased soldier’s mother who’s determined to wait outside Bush’s ranch throughout his 5 week (!) vacation until he meets with her. Apparently she’s facing Secret Service harassment. This issue merits more attention than it’s getting in the media:

http://bellaciao.org/en/article.php3?id_article=7417

Sunday 7th August 2005 (06h18) :

Cindy Sheehan: “The Secret Service is Trying to Intimidate Us”

Cindy Sheehan called After Downing Street moments ago at 10 p.m. ET to report that the Secret Service is trying to intimidate her and members of Gold Star Families for Peace, Iraq Veterans Against the War, and Veterans for Peace into leaving their protest near Bush’s Crawford, Texas ranch.

This morning Cindy led dozens of protesters as close as they could get to the ranch; they were stopped by local police about five miles away. Cindy and others plan to stay there throughout Bush’s five-week August vacation until he agrees to meet with her and other family members of soldiers killed in Iraq and answer their questions about the war.

Throughout the afternoon and evening, however, the Secret Service has been telling protesters that if they stay there they may be hit by Secret Service vehicles. Cindy says, “They’ve told us this at least ten times. There isn’t much room between the side of the road and the fence, and they go zooming by far over the speed limit.” Cindy reports the Secret Service already ran a mother and her six year-old off the road. She believes the Secret Service’s actions are a clear attempt to coerce her and the other protesters into leaving.

Cindy and others are asking to meet with the Secret Service and local police to ensure the safety of everyone involved. In the meantime, she asks that anyone who can contact the media to alert them to the situation.
If you are able to do this, media contact information can be found here. Please politely let them know what’s been happening with the Secret Service, and encourage them to continue covering Cindy’s efforts to meet with President Bush.

http://www.afterdowningstreet.org/?…

2) Although in many ways, this little op-ed is just an angry rant, it’s a fully agreeeable angry little rant. The accusation about Judith Miller and the media’s role in the buildup to the Iraq invasion is largely accurate — and these people should all stand trial:

http://usa.mediamonitors.net/content/view/full/17512

Judith Miller’s Dirty Little Secret

by Ahmed Amr

(Sunday August 07 2005)
——————————————————

“The neo-con cabal and the Israeli lobby are an instrumental force in framing the foreign policy of the United States towards the Middle East. Other political forces had considerable influence in charting the path to war – including the equally formidable Saudi lobby and the usual suspects in the military industrial complex. But only the neo-cons had access to the media muscle necessary for implementing a massive propaganda campaign to sell the war. Judith Miller was by far the most lethal weapon in the war party’s media arsenal – if only because she wrote for The New York Times.”
——————————————————

By now, comparing Iraq to Vietnam has become a favorite parlor game among armchair generals. Because history rarely repeats itself, such analogies are an altogether useless exercise. The unpredictable outcomes of our Iraqi misadventure are proof enough that there are simply too many variables that factor into weaving the threads that make up the canvass of human events – especially in times of war.

In many ways, Iraq is a unique conflict. For some odd reason, this dirty little war has inspired very few anti-war songs. Even Vietnam era peace movement anthems have been banished from the airwaves. Which is surprising when you consider that before the first shot was fired, huge antiwar demonstrations were staged around the world. Once the hostilities began, the antiwar movement went home and sulked after getting seriously bruised by a hand full of war mongering news anchors who turned off the cameras and mocked them into silent oblivion.

In wartime Saigon, American soldiers and civilian advisers freely mingled with the native population. The only place in Iraq where Americans can safely roam is the Green Zone – a fantasy land where State Department bureaucrats, journalists and military officers spin delusional tales about what goes on beyond the heavily fortified walls. Twenty-eight months after occupying Baghdad, they dare not venture beyond their lush oasis to take a closer look at the carnage and chaos that flourishes outside their isolated and insular enclave.

If there is one glaring difference between the two conflicts – it is the role of the media in promoting the invasion of Iraq and coordinating coverage with the Bush administration. As a consequence of Pentagon censorship, we now see entirely too little of what transpires in Iraq on a daily basis. Embedded journalists have gone along for the ride and accepted the view that over exposure to the realities of the conflict in Vietnam contributed to America’s defeat.

The media barons have not only spared us the gruesome visuals – they have also taken it upon themselves to shield us from the political consequences of the invasion. For all the blood and treasure wasted on this misadventure, how many Americans realize that the final results will be a theocratic Islamic republic allied to Tehran? Why does Saddam’s trial continue to be shrouded in secrecy? Is there concern that he might expose his willing collaborators in Washington who gave him the green light to attack Iran and refused to make a fuss when he used chemical weapons against the Kurds?

Meanwhile, American military coffins arrive in the middle of the night for quick burial in ceremonies away from the prying eyes of the public. We rarely see pictures of the 14,000 wounded young marines and soldiers – neither do we get any meaningful information about the severity of their injuries and the quality of their care. The number of Iraqi casualties – both military and civilian – remains a state secret. How many innocent lives have been wasted? How many bodies shredded by cluster bombs have been tagged and buried as ‘collateral damage’? Did the Anglo-American invasion kill more innocent civilians than the insurgents? With no pictures and no accurate statistics, we are left with a distant war that rarely intrudes into our daily lives.
In Vietnam, the media was not always in bed with the Pentagon and more than a few journalists maintained an appropriate professional distance from the administration. As a result, the public had a fairly realistic picture of what the conflict really looked like up close and personal. Even with the relatively primitive technology of the time, the real story eventually got told. First hand accounts by the men who actually fought and bled in the jungles of South East Asia confirmed the accounts of independent journalists and exposed a systematic campaign of misinformation by the government.

The role of the media in Iraq is an entirely different story from Vietnam. We’ve gone from Walter Cronkite giving a straight account of “the way it is” to Field Marshal Judith Miller insisting “I was fucking right.” We might have avoided this quagmire had it not been for Miller’s active participation in this well-orchestrated campaign of mass deception. But Miller is hardly entitled to take full credit for beating the war drums. At CNN, Wolf Blitzer converted his whole program into a ‘War Room’ and gave the red carpet treatment to an endless parade of neo-conservative chicken
hawks. Having spent a decade working for the Jerusalem Post, it’s highly doubtful that Blitzer was unaware that his guests had long resumes of promoting Israeli agendas.
If the average American had blinders on about Iraq, there is no mistaking the hands that pulled down the shades on the WMD hoax and the subsequent ‘intelligence failure’ scam. Blitzer, Miller, Krauthammer, Friedman and Safire certainly knew the ideological origins of Richard Perle, Paul Wolfowitz and Douglas Feith.

It is common knowledge that operatives with well-established Israeli connections are very prominent in neo-con think tanks like the American Enterprise Institute. Blitzer and his fellow travelers routinely promoted these war lobbyists as ‘WMD scholars’, ‘experts on terrorism’ and ‘resident military strategists’ who had an exclusive inside track on the history, politics and culture of the Middle East. These oracles also claimed a unique ability to forecast future events in Iraq. Which begged the question: if the invasion of Iraq was going to be nothing more than a ‘cake walk’ – why was Saddam considered such an immediate threat?

As the war went sour, the media barons took it off the front pages. Unlike Vietnam, Iraq is mostly a faint background noise. The streets are empty of anti-war demonstrators and no one is humming anti-war tunes. Except for the grunts and their families, the carnage in Mesopotamia is out of sight and out of mind.
With the exception of the Spanish American war, it is hard to think of another military campaign that was virtually launched by the mass media. The Fourth Estate was a full partner in this bloody venture. Judith Miller and Wolf Blitzer’s hands are soaked in the blood of the tens of thousands of Iraqis and Americans who have perished in this war of choice. The New York Times, as an institution, was actively and systematically cooking the books to coerce the public into backing the invasion of Iraq.

Of course Sulzberger was not the only publisher who enthusiastically contributed his paper’s resources to market this conflict. Donald Graham at the Post and Rupert Murdoch of FOX are equally guilty. It follows that these mass media moguls are hardly inclined to investigate the role of Sulzberger or Judith Miller in engineering this quagmire. Notice how Judith Miller and Karl Rove have miraculously vanished from the headlines. No one wants to dig deeper into this pit – because the snake’s head can only end up devouring the snake’s tail.

After David Kay came up empty handed in his WMD search, a former United Nations nuclear inspector leveled a serious charge at Washington. David Albright asserted that the big boys knew since May of 2003 that WMDs would never be found. Albright claimed that “the only people who didn’t know that fact was the public”.

So, the question of the hour is what does everyone in Washington know as of today? They know the administration lied about WMDs with the help of media operatives like Judith Miller. They know that there was no “intelligence failure” and that Joseph Wilson was punished for exposing the post-war cover-up. They also know that the administration and its media partners in crime continue to twist the facts about the situation in Iraq. Add to the mix the recent indictments of AIPAC officials in the Pentagon spy case, which might expose the culprits as the very same senior administration officials who outed Valerie Plame.
In Washington, they all know Judith Miller’s dirty little secret. Miller is a senior neo-con propagandist. If she goes down, she won’t go down alone. She will take the paper of record and Sulzberger with her. Her intimate relationships with Ahmed Chalabi, Paul Wolfowitz, Douglas Feith, AIPAC, and the American Enterprise Institute are all part of the public record. Miller coordinated her work with the Office of Special Plans in the Pentagon, an outfit set up by Wolfowitz and Feith and tasked with fixing intelligence to make a case for war. Judith Miller is pleading the fifth to avoid confessing to the prominent role she played in launching weapons of mass deception at the American people.

The neo-con cabal and the Israeli lobby are an instrumental force in framing the foreign policy of the United States towards the Middle East. Other political forces had considerable influence in charting the path to war – including the equally formidable Saudi lobby and the usual suspects in the military industrial complex. But only the neo-cons had access to the media muscle necessary for implementing a massive propaganda campaign to sell the war. Judith Miller was by far the most lethal weapon in the war party’s media arsenal – if only because she wrote for The New York Times.

When it comes to determining the destiny of the nation – the fourth estate is a power to reckon with. It is difficult to exaggerate the damage caused by Miller’s war propaganda. Although the media moguls can’t be voted out of their corporate headquarters, they do have an Achilles heel. The value of their enterprise is entirely dependent on the public’s perception of their credibility and integrity. A crippling consumer boycott against war mongering media giants like New York Times will go a long way to convince Sulzberger and others to think twice before beating the drums of war. We can pay tribute to the tens of thousands of Americans and Iraqis who perished in Miller’s war by actively participating in a consumer strike against the paper of record. So, do your patriotic duty and send Sulzberger on a one way ticket to bankruptcy court.

3) Here’s a lengthy rebuttal of one of those standard right-wing Middle East analysis, and why it’s so inaccurate:

http://hnn.us/blogs/entries/13520.html

Mark A. LeVine

Historical Accuracy Shouldn’t Be Left at the Door of the Public Sphere

A recent roundup of “Historians’ Take on the News” offered by HNN caught my eye for its inclusion of an article by Victor Hanson titled, “And Then They Came After Us,” which was originally published in the National Review. Readers are invited to check it out by clicking here before proceeding with this posting.
Now that you’ve returned let’s see what we can make of this article. Hanson is a military historian, so his prism is clearly one of war and battles. His basic premise is that whereas the Left (I assume he means the Left, he never really indicates precisely who the “we” is he’s talking about) once castigated Israel for its treatment of Palestinians, now that we are being forced to act in Falluja in much the same manner as Israel did in Jenin such criticsm is a bit harder to make….

4) Another bad obituary day. Peter Jennings, the only US network anchorman I could ever stomach for more than five minutes post-Cronkite, just died. And Ibrahim Ferrer, perhaps the last of the Buena Vista Social Club, also passed on. He follows Compay Segundo and Reuben Gonzalez, who died in 2003. Now I really wish I’d seen them in concert in Istanbul in 2001 when I had a chance to:

http://www.guardian.co.uk/cuba/story/0,11983,1544679,00.html

Posted in Uncategorized | Leave a comment

Ctr Games, Protest, IEDs, Cook, Calloway, Humor Blogs,

1) Computer games and politics. Remember Friedman’s objection to computer games last week — here’s more on that topic:

The Middle East Conflict on PC
Shooting Baruch Goldstein, Carpet Bombing Beirut

The relentless brutality of the Middle East conflict has inspired both sides to produce video games based on actual events. Hezbollah’s computer and Internet division is eager to catch up on US and Israeli expertise. Alfred Hackensberger reports

Bild:

In “Under Siege”, the backdrop for entertainment is the “liberation struggle of the Palestinian people” The Uzis rattle, the hand grenades explode, and the Israeli soldiers behind the high barricades of their military posts exude a deep “ahhhh” as they die. Simultaneously, the points quickly rise on the scoreboard. The way is now open for the next level in the fight against the Zionist occupiers of Palestine.

Under Siege is the title of a new, three-dimensional computer game, in which the backdrop for entertainment is the “liberation struggle of the Palestinian people”. The game is produced in Damascus by a local software company, Afkar Media, which already released a similar product, Under Ashes, in 2001.

That game, which revolved around the life of Ahmed, a young man involved in the Intifada of 2000, was downloaded some 500,000 times from the company web site and 10,000 copies were sold in the Middle East.

Following this success, the Syrian company decided to bring an updated sequel to the marketplace.

The Goldstein incident

Like Under Ashes, the new game, Under Siege, is also based on actual incidents. The opening sequence deals with the murderous assault carried out by Baruch Goldstein, a Jewish doctor from New York. In 1994, the radical Jewish settler killed 27 Palestinians praying in the Hebron mosque and wounded over 100 others. The players of Under Siege are given the opportunity of preventing the attack. The aim is to shoot Baruch Goldstein as quickly and as accurately as possible.

“We are attempting to provide a new sort of digital dignity,” says Radwan Kasmiya, the manager of Afkar Media. Under Siege is meant to be an answer to popular selling games from the USA, such as Delta Force or America’s Army, which, for the most part, present Arabs in terms of clichés and stereotypes.

“Our game isn’t about killing. We tell a story,” stresses Kasmiya, who began programming at the age of 13.

The story features young men who fight tanks with slingshots and hurl back tear gas bombs, as well as experienced fighters with machine guns in hand, battling against the Israeli military.

Under Ashes also includes an episode about a suicide bomber, which has provoked harsh criticism from Israel. A young woman leaves her children with relatives before detonating a grenade amidst a group of Israeli soldiers, who, earlier in the game, had murdered her husband in cold blood.

Instilling the notion of sacrifice

“This is not a story about desperation,” explains the manager of Afkar Media. “What is at issue here is the willingness to offer one’s life for the sake of others.”

Nonetheless, with its portrayal of this “readiness to sacrifice,” the software company from Damascus is somewhat lagging behind current political events, as Palestinian and Israeli politicians have recently displayed a willingness towards rapprochement.

In addition, the latest polls taken since Mahmoud Abbas became president indicate that only 29 percent of the Palestinian population still supports “suicide actions.” By comparison, six months ago, support stood at 77 percent.

Under Ashes and its sequel, Under Siege, are not the only Arab war games. Early last year, the computer and Internet division of Hezbollah put out a game called Special Force, and have since been regularly providing updates.

Digital memorial for Palestinian struggle

Similar to the products from Damascus, the war game produced by the “Party of God” claims to be based on real events. It is meant to serve as a digital memorial, recalling the expulsion of Israeli occupying forces from South Lebanon in 2000.

Islamic soldiers are shown conducting “liberation missions,” such as capturing Israeli military outposts in the Lebanese-Israeli border area. The game indicates an attempt by the Lebanese resistance movement to close a media gap. The organization hopes to become the computer entertainment equivalent of what Al-Jazeera and Al Arabyia are in the news broadcasting sector – a public Arab opposition voice against pro-Western dominance.

“Special Force is only the first step. The movement will only become greater with time,” prophesizes Bilal Zeyn from Hezbollah’s Internet office.

“Most American games offer players the opportunity to humiliate Islamic and Arab countries,” he explained further. Arab soldiers and civilians are usually treated as mere terrorist cannon fodder, and the hero killing them is, as a rule, an American. “In Special Force, the Arabs are not terrorists, but rather freedom fighters.”

The Hezbollah game has since sold over 20,000 copies, mainly in Syria, Iran, Kuwait, and in the United Arab Emirates. By comparison, only 1500 copies were purchased in Europe and Australia. Nevertheless, the game has aroused virulent protest in the Western world. Jewish organizations in Britain strongly condemned the game.

In Australia, Labour parliamentarian Michael Danby called it dehumanizing and that “it encourages young people to become suicide bombers and to participate in attacks on people from the West.”

These accusations have also been directed against Under Siege by Afkar Media in Damascus. The computer game will soon be available in English, translated by volunteers from Europe, Asia, and South America.

The games of the US and Israeli army

Yet, in terms of their “inhumanity” and “bloodthirstiness,” Under Siege and Hezbollah’s Special Force both pale in comparison to the games from the USA and Israel, which have enjoyed enormous commercial success.

Almost 1.5 million individuals have registered for America’s Army, a game that can be found on the web site of the US Army. According to the US Department of Defense, between 20 to 30 percent of the 35,000 players visiting the site daily go on to click the army’s recruiting page.

The goal of America’s Army is to destroy terrorists in Iraq and Afghanistan, and no concern is expressed for the resultant collateral damage.

This attitude is also apparent in the game Israeli Air Force. Taking on the role of an Israeli fighter jet pilot during the invasion of Lebanon in 1982, the player can choose the option of “carpet bombing over Beirut.” Both games have been praised in specialist magazines and web sites for their “realistic representations.”

A heart-pounding mission to defend the homeland

“In light of current political developments in Iraq, these kinds of war games are gaining ground in the USA,” reports the well-known Internet game site worthplaying.com. One such game is Terrorist Takedown, which was released in November last year.

“As a soldier in the US Army, you are in the very front lines in the fight against terrorism. Your job is to neutralize known terrorists. Apache and Huey helicopters, Humvees with heavy machine guns, and rocket launchers are at your disposal. This is a heart-pounding mission to defend your homeland.”

Perhaps the Arab games are no less propagandistic, yet they do not mercilessly sacrifice civilian lives. In the Palestinian liberation struggle of Under Ashes and Under Siege, points are lost and “Game Over” can even be declared when just one civilian is killed. The Hezbollah game Special Force doesn’t include any civilians that could be drawn into the conflict.

The kids in Beirut and even those in the Palestinian refugee camps in Lebanon show little interest for the
locally produced Arab games compared to the American competition. “Most people don’t even know these Arab games,” said one student who works as an Internet supervisor in Starcafe. “All games are popular for only a short time anyway, and then the search begins for something new.”

A new “resistance game” is currently being produced by the computer division of Hezbollah. “It is considerably more refined, with helicopters and all sorts of new missions,” tells Bilal Zeyn, head of Hezbollah’s Internet office. He can’t provide any more information, says Zeyn secretively, bearing a smile not unlike that of the larger-than-life portrait of Ayatollah Khomeini behind him on the wall.

Alfred Hackensberger
© Qantara.de 2005
Translation from German: Mark Rossman

2) A Mother’s protest:

http://www.guardian.co.uk/worldlatest/story/0,1280,-5195529,00.html

Mom Protesting Iraq War Meets Bush Aides

Sunday August 7, 2005 10:16 AM

AP Photo TXSA101

By DEB RIECHMANN

Associated Press Writer

CRAWFORD, Texas (AP) – The angry mother of a fallen U.S. soldier staged a protest near President Bush’s ranch Saturday, demanding an accounting from Bush of how he has conducted the war in Iraq.

Supported by more than 50 demonstrators who chanted, “W. killed her son!” Cindy Sheehan told reporters: “I want to ask the president, ‘Why did you kill my son? What did my son die for?”’ Sheehan, 48, didn’t get to see Bush, but did talk about 45 minutes with national security adviser Steve Hadley and deputy White House chief of staff Joe Hagin, who went out to hear her concerns.

Appreciative of their attention, yet undaunted, Sheehan said she planned to continue her roadside vigil, except for a few breaks, until she gets to talk to Bush. Her son, Casey, 24, was killed in Sadr City, Iraq, on April 4, 2004. He was an Army specialist, a Humvee mechanic.

“They (the advisers) said we are in Iraq because they believed Saddam Hussein had weapons of mass destruction, that the world’s a better place with Saddam gone and that we’re making the world a safer place with what we’re doing over there,” Sheehan said in a telephone interview after the meeting.

“They were very respectful. They were nice men. I told them Iraq was not a threat to the United States and that now people are dead for nothing. I told them I wouldn’t leave until I talked to George Bush.”

She said Hagin told her, “I want to assure you that he (Bush) really does care.”

“And I said if he does care, why doesn’t he come out and talk to me.”

Sheehan arrived in Crawford aboard a bus painted red, white and blue and emblazoned with the words, “Impeachment Tour.” Sheehan, from Vacaville, Calif., had been attending a Veterans for Peace convention in Dallas.

The bus, trailed by about 20 cars of protesters and reporters, drove at about 15 mph toward Bush’s ranch. After several miles, they parked the vehicles and began to march, in stifling heat, farther down the narrow country road.

Flanked by miles of pasture, Sheehan spoke with reporters while clutching two photographs, one of her son in uniform, and the other, a baby picture, when he was seven months old.

She said she decided to come to Crawford a few days ago after Bush said that fallen U.S. troops had died for a noble cause and that the mission must be completed.

“I want to ask the president, `Why did you kill my son? What did my son die for?” she said, her voice cracking with emotion. “Last week, you said my son died for a noble cause’ and I want to ask him what that noble cause is?”

White House spokesman Trent Duffy said response that Bush also wants the troops to return home safely.

“Many of the hundreds of families the president has met with know their loved one died for a noble cause and that the best way to honor their sacrifice is to complete the mission,” Duffy said.

“It is a message the president has heard time and again from those he has met with and comforted. Like all Americans, he wants the troops home as soon as possible.”

The group marched about a half-mile before local law enforcement officials stopped them at a bend in the road, still four to five miles from the ranch’s entrance. Capt. Kenneth Vanek of the McLennan County Sheriff’s Office said the group was stopped because some marchers ignored instructions to walk in the ditch beside the road, not on the road.

“If they won’t cooperate, we won’t,” Vanek said.

3) IEDs Article, a solid military analysis:

http://www.guardian.co.uk/worldlatest/story/0,1280,-5194374,00.html

Bombs Becoming Biggest Killers in Iraq

Saturday August 6, 2005 6:46 PM

AP Photo BAG114
By ROBERT H. REID and JIM KRANE
Associated Press Writer

BAGHDAD, Iraq (AP) – Bombs like the titanic roadside blast that killed 14 Marines last week are becoming the biggest killers of U.S. troops in Iraq, surpassing bullets, rockets and mortars, as insurgents wage an unconventional war that has boosted the American death toll beyond 1,820….

4) Robin Cook has died. He was the rarest quality, a politician who at least tried to rule ethically. He opposed Blair’s misadventure and resigned right before the invasion of Iraq. A good man:

http://news.independent.co.uk/uk/politics/article304301.ece

http://observer.guardian.co.uk/uk_news/story/0,6903,1544284,00.html

6) Op-Ed about George Calloway:

http://www.informationclearinghouse.info/article9687.htm

5) The dullest blog in the world:

http://www.wibsite.com/wiblog/dull/

6) A fashion satire blog:

http://gofugyourself.typepad.com/

Posted in Uncategorized | 2 Comments

Marines, iq, Kuwait, CBP, NPT, Peak Oil, ALA, U. Chicago, Turkey

1) “Abu Tamam” Blog has a wildly variant version of what happened to the Marines who died this week. Whatever’s going on, it’s not going well:

http://abutamam.blogspot.com/

The posting includes a link to this video, purportedly showing footage from the firefight in which 6 Marines died:

http://www.informationclearinghouse.info/article9668.htm

2) Iraq got assigned its “.iq” domain name this month. If one reads the below article, one learns that “ICANN” — a US entity — assigns all such domain names internationally, which in one sense extends US control over the internet. Bizarre — why would the Iraqi government have to beg a US entity for its own domain name, and then have to wait years for a decision?:

http://www.businessweek.com/ap/tech/D8BQ06480.htm?campaign_id=apn_tech_down&chan;=tc

3) Iraq-Kuwait tensions, on the 15th anniversary of Kuwait’s abortive liberation:

http://abuaardvark.typepad.com/

Iraq-Kuwait wars of… words

Last week I noted with some incredulity the return of Iraqi-Kuwaiti border disputes, asking in wonder whether I had fallen asleep and awakened in 1990. Seems the story hasn’t gone away.

The AP reports today: “Iraqi legislators accused Kuwait of stealing their oil as well as chipping away at their national territory on the border — allegations similar to those used by Saddam Hussein to justify his invasion of Kuwait that began 15 years ago Tuesday.” There are arguments about Kuwaiti slant-drilling into Iraqi oil fields, arguments about Kuwaiti refusal to give up on about $16 billion in old Iraqi debt, arguments about “Iraqi encroachment” into Kuwaiti territory in the Umm Qasr area, arguments about a big metal wall that Kuwait is evidently building along the border… inside of Iraqi territory. And the other day Iraqi protestors reportedly fired gunshots across the border (the Kuwaitis didn’t return fire).

Some of it might have just been for show: some of the more inflammatory statements seem to have come during a televised Parliamentary session on the 15th anniversary of the Iraqi invasion of Kuwait. Al-Quds al-Arabi reports that the Iraqi media has had a field day with some statements attributed to Kuwaiti Parliamentarians referring to the Iraqi Parliament as a “house of dogs”. Al-Hayat reports that Shaykh Sabah al-Ahmad is trying to calm down angry Kuwaitis before a special meeting of the Parliamentary Foreign Affairs Committee called for tomorrow to discuss the “border issues.” And Iraqi PM Ibrahim Jaafari told a press conference that he talked to Sabah al-Ahmad on the phone, and reassured all parties that “war is not a solution” – which is great, but… should Iraq’s post-Saddam PM have to issue a statement reassuring Kuwait that it doesn’t intend to invade it again?

I don’t think that Iraq is about to invade Kuwait again.. as if it could. But the whole little episode – especially the way that the Iraqi and Kuwaiti Parliaments are egging each other on – should be a little sobering for those who think that electoral democracy alone guarantees peaceful, neighborly relations.

4) Love that quote in the middle, where there was insufficient “evidence of a crime being committed”:

ADC Update:
Off Duty CBP Officer Charged with Killing Arab American

August 4, 2005, Washington, DC— On July 6, an off-duty Customs and Border Patrol (CBP) officer who shot to death a young Arab-American man was finally indicted under state manslaughter charges, after initially being released. A federal investigation of the incident continues.

On February 5, Officer Douglas Bates, shot and killed Bassim Schmait following an altercation outside his Los Alisos Boulevard apartment in Orange County, California. Reports on the incident vary; with the Sheriff’s Department reporting that the officer apparently committed no crime when he came out of his apartment to investigate a disturbance. Bassim’s friends however, contend that Bates had pistol-whipped one of them, and that when Bassim tried to intervene, he was brutally shot and killed.

According to the Sheriff’s spokesman Jim Amormino, the department did not initially book Bates because “There was no clear evidence of a crime being committed, so there was nothing to book him on.”
Since then, the American-Arab Anti-Discrimination Committee (ADC) has taken an active role in raising the issue at various meetings with CPB and Department of Homeland Security (DHS) representatives, stressing the importance of a thorough investigation in building trust between government agencies and the Arab-American community.

ADC raised the matter at meetings on April 13, June 1 4, July 27. On July 27, in response to these concerns, CBP and DHS officials advised ADC that there was a California State indictment against Officer Bates for voluntary manslaughter and that the federal investigation continues.

5) Good to know the UK was doing its best for NPT and regional peace even back in the 1950’s:

UK helped Israel get nuclear bomb

Britain secretly sold Israel a key ingredient for its nuclear programme in 1958, according to official documents obtained by BBC News. Papers in the British National Archives show a deal was done to export 20 tonnes of heavy water for about £1.5m. No “peaceful use only” condition was placed on its use. Officials said imposing one would be “over zealous”.

http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk/4743987.stm

Israel’s acquisition of nuclear bombs has been one of the most sustained pieces of deceit in recent history. The project was guarded with such passion that in the 1980s the technician Mordechai Vanunu was kidnapped and spent 11 years in solitary confinement for blowing some of its secrets. It is remarkable then, that documents lying unnoticed in the public records office at Kew should reveal Britain’s hitherto unknown role 47 years ago in deceiving the US and supplying Israel with the means to go nuclear. The main files on the subject, from the UK Atomic Energy Authority, are still classified. But BBC Newsnight producer Meirion Jones says he found a handful of key copies in a routinely declassified but obscure Foreign Office counter-proliferation archive. Apart from a passing mention of a British connection in 1998 by Israeli academic Avner Cohen, the UK’s key role seems to have been completely unknown to historians. What the documents still fail to reveal, however, is how high up in the Macmillan government the decision was taken to go behind the back of President Eisenhower and load 20 tons of heavy water from Britain on to Israeli ships, thus enabling Israel to start up its Dimona reactor.

http://www.guardian.co.uk/uk_news/story/0,,1542033,00.html

US kept in the dark as secret nuclear deal was struck
David Leigh
Thursday August 4, 2005
The Guardian

Israel’s acquisition of nuclear bombs has been one of the most sustained pieces of deceit in recent history. The project was guarded with such passion that in the 1980s the technician Mordechai Vanunu was kidnapped and spent 11 years in solitary confinement for blowing some of its secrets.It is remarkable then, that documents lying unnoticed in the public records office at Kew should reveal Britain’s hitherto unknown role 47 years ago in deceiving the US and supplying Israel with the means to go nuclear.

The main files on the subject, from the UK Atomic Energy Authority, are still classified. But BBC Newsnight producer Meirion Jones says he found a han
dful of key copies in a routinely declassified but obscure Foreign Office counter-proliferation archive.Apart from a passing mention of a British connection in 1998 by Israeli academic Avner Cohen, the UK’s key role seems to have been completely unknown to historians.

What the documents still fail to reveal, however, is how high up in the Macmillan government the decision was taken to go behind the back of President Eisenhower and load 20 tons of heavy water from Britain on to Israeli ships, thus enabling Israel to start up its Dimona reactor.

On the face of it, the decision was mere avarice. Britain’s own highly secret nuclear weapons project had spent in the region of £1.5m on barrels of heavy water from Norway.

But a different technological route had been chosen for the UK in the end, using graphite as a moderator to bring about nuclear reactions. Norway refused to cancel the heavy water contract. It must have been tempting for those in charge of Whitehall budgets to be offered a chance to get their money back.

In the days of the cold war, the Official Secrets Act ensured that there was little danger of civil servants being held to account by MPs or the public for what they had done. They could scrawl without anxiety, as one did, “I would prefer not to mention this to the Americans”, or “It would be somewhat over-zealous for us to insist on safeguards”.

Only the US, Russia and the UK had nuclear weapons at the time, shortly to be joined in the “nuclear club” by France. The west was, officially at least, dedicated to preventing nuclear proliferation to small, unstable countries. But Israel was to be the first to break through this embargo.

In 1958, Israeli bulldozers had just started to break the ground at Dimona in the Negev desert for a top-secret French team to start constructing what France was later to claim it believed to be a small “research reactor”.
France supplied Israel with a small quantity – four tons – of heavy water, but Israel needed much more if it was to to start a reactor that could manufacture weapons quantities of plutonium.

In September 1958, Israel offered, via the Norwegians, to buy 25 tons of heavy water which Britain possessed.

David Peirson, secretary of the UKAEA, wrote to Whitehall officials that he intended to sell “without restrictions”. It was clear from his letter that there had already been discussions within the British government about the proposed sale.

It could be argued, he wrote, that if Britain was a party to the sale to Israel, there should be safeguards to prevent Israel using the heavy water to make bombs.

On the other hand, Britain had got the heavy water from Norway for its own military purposes: “It might be regarded as somewhat unreasonable that we should now stipulate for conditions we did not accept ourselves.”
Technically, Britain would be selling back to Norway, and Norway would re-sell to Israel: “It would be primarily for [the Norwegians] to consider the issue … It would be somewhat over-zealous of us to insist on safeguards.”

At the Foreign Office, Alexander Stirling suggested: “We might make the gesture of informing the Americans … unless there was any risk of a US firm stealing the Israeli orders.”

He was rapidly overruled by Douglas Cape, first secretary at the FCO in charge of nuclear security, in terms that made it clear the fear was the US would demand too many safeguards: “I would prefer not to mention this to the Americans lest it lead them to ask us to take up what would in fact be an untenable position vis-a-vis the Norwegians.”

The cover story was that the heavy water was “understood to be required by Israel for peaceful use in a reactor connected with desert irrigation”.

Accordingly in June 1959, and again the following June, two lots of heavy water of 10 tons each were, according to a note by Alan Brooke-Turner, then first secretary at the FCO in charge of disarmament, “put on board Israeli ships at a UK port” and shipped out to Dimona.

But Israel never got its final five tons of the British consignment, and had to turn elsewhere. To Whitehall’s discomfiture, news of Israel’s activities started to leak and there was an international row.

A US spyplane, the U2, had been taking high-level photos of the activities in the Negev desert. US intelligence had become suspicious, and summoned the Israeli ambassador in Washington to question him.

In December 1960, a story was planted in the British press, via the Daily Express veteran defence correspondent Chapman Pincher, that Israel was trying to make atomic bombs.

The following March, the UKAEA told the Norwegians they thought it was unlikely Israel could have the outstanding five tons, although the deal was commercially “attractive”. This was, wrote Peirson, because of “the political sensitivity of Israel’s nuclear activities”.

Henry Hainsworth, head of the FCO’s atomic energy department, noted sternly: “We have been far from satisfied by the assurances so far furnished by the Israelis of the exclusively peaceful nature of their operations. I should be strongly opposed to letting them have a further five tons.”

One of the FCO’s most senior officials, Sir Hugh Stephenson, finally stamped on the idea. “I am quite sure we should not agree to this sale. The Israeli project is much too live an issue for us to get mixed up in it again.”
Rehearsing the history of the earlier shipment from British ports, another official warned: “This information should not be used in response to inquiries about the heavy water.”

By the time the Israeli prime minister, David Ben-Gurion, arrived in London on an official visit that June, Whitehall had arranged itself into a position of high-minded disapproval of Israeli behaviour.

The British prime minister, Harold Macmillan, wrote in a minute classified “secret”: “I saw Mr Ben-Gurion this afternoon and told him of our concern about the Israeli nuclear reactor in the Negev. Mr Ben-Gurion explained that its object was to train personnel in preparation for an atomic energy programme in 10 or 15 years’ time aimed at providing cheap power for taking the salt out of sea water to irrigate the Negev.
“I asked Mr Ben-Gurion whether he could not accept international inspection … Mr Ben Gurion said he did not think he could since this would mean bringing in the Russians and Arabs.”

British concern came too late. Israel is now believed to have a secret stockpile of up to 130 nuclear missiles.

6) And of course, apropos NPT:

Today’s commentary:
http://www.zmag.org/sustainers/content/2005-08/06solomon.cfm
==================================
ZNet Commentary
Media Flagstones Along a Path to War on Iran
August 06, 2005
By Norman Solomon

On Tuesday, big alarm bells went off in the national media echo chamber, and major U.S. news outlets showed that they knew the drill. Iran’s nuclear activities were pernicious, most of all, because people in high places in Washington said so.

It didn’t seem to matter much that just that morning the Washington Post reported: “A major U.S. intelligence review has projected that Iran is about a decade away from manufacturing the key ingredient for a nuclear weapon, roughly doubling the previous estimate of five years, according to government sources with firsthand knowledge of the new analysis. The carefully hedged assessments, which represent consensus among U.S. intelligence agencies, contrast with forceful public statements by the White House.”

By evening — hours after the Iranian government said it would no longer suspend activities related to enriching uranium — American news outlets were making grave pronouncements, amplifying the statements from French, British and German officials closing ranks with the Bush administration. On
television in the United States, a narrow range of talking heads detoured around the USA’s profuse nuclear hypocrisies.
Yes, officials in Washington and their allies conceded, an Iranian restart of uranium enrichment activities would not violate the nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty. But, as a Washington Post article put it Wednesday, the Iranian nuclear program was “built in secret over 18 years” and “the clandestine nature of the effort created deep suspicions in Washington and elsewhere about Iran’s intentions.”

In sharp contrast, no “suspicions” are needed about the nuclear activities of two of Iran’s bitterest enemies, Israel and Pakistan. Both have produced atomic weapons. Unlike Iran, those two U.S. allies have refused to sign the Non-Proliferation Treaty and do not submit to inspections by the International Atomic Energy Agency.

For good measure, last month the U.S. government announced plans to engage in cooperation on atomic energy projects with the Indian government, which has nuclear bombs and has not signed the NPT.
So, the nuclear moralists in Washington have no problem with Israeli, Pakistani and Indian nuclear weapons, developed and stockpiled with contemptuous disregard for the Non-Proliferation Treaty. But the White House and talking heads of U.S. television are insisting that Iran has no right to do what the treaty allows it and other signers to do — develop nuclear power, ostensibly to generate electricity.

The latest U.S. media uproar about Iran’s nuclear program is part of a dream starting to come true for neo-cons in Washington who fantasize about “regime change” in Tehran. More realistically, for the nearer term, the Bush administration is setting the agenda for a U.S. air attack on Iran.

“This notion that the United States is getting ready to attack Iran is simply ridiculous,” President Bush told a news conference in late February. He added in the same breath: “and having said that, all options are on the table.” Assembled journalists laughed.

7) Peak Oil:

http://www.energybulletin.net/newswire.php?id=7524http://www.globalpublicmedia.com/articles/441

Published on Sunday, July 31, 2005 by Global Public Media
Where Is the Hirsch Report?
By Richard Heinberg

Over the past few months controversy has raged over the timing of Peak Oil-the moment when global oil production will reach its all-time maximum and begin its inevitable descent.

Oil optimists say the event won’t occur for twenty years or more, and that market forces will result in an imperceptible transition to alternative forms of energy. “The Stone Age didn’t end for lackof stones,” say the optimists, “and the Petroleum Age won’t end because we run out of oil”-but because we find something better and cheaper with which to fuel our society.

Pessimists point out that global oil discoveries have been plummeting for decades and that supply and demand are now closely matched (hence the run-up in oil prices over the past few months); moreover, there simply isn’t an alternative energy source available that can take oil’s place in the near term. They say we may be at peak now, and that the consequences will be staggering.

In short, oil pessimists spin out end-of-civilization scenarios while optimists insist that there is nothing to worry about.

Evidently the US Department of Energy is interested enough in the Peak-Oil debate to commission a report on the subject. Released in February this year by Science Applications International Corporation (SAIC), and titled “Peaking of World Oil Production:Impacts, Mitigation and Risk Management,” the report examines the likely consequences of the impending global peak. It was authored principally by Robert L. Hirsch (bio: www.d-n-i.net/fcs/hirsch_bio.htm), and is as remarkable for its subsequent reception as for its content.

The report’s Executive Summary begins with the following paragraph:

The peaking of world oil production presents the U.S. and the world with an unprecedented risk management problem. As peaking is approached, liquid fuel prices and price volatility will increase dramatically, and, without timely mitigation, the economic, social, and political costs will be unprecedented. Viable mitigation options exist on both the supply and demand sides, but to have substantial impact, they must be initiated more than a decade in advance of peaking

The report’s authors were not asked to assess when the global peak is likely to occur; however they do survey the range of forecasts from optimists and pessimists alike, projecting a peak date anywhere from 2005 to 2037.

The Hirsch report examines three scenarios: one in which mitigation efforts are not undertaken until global oil production peaks; a second in which efforts commence ten years in advance of peak; and a third in which efforts begin twenty years prior to thepeak. Each scenario assumes a “crash program rate ofimplementation.” In the first case, the study concludes that peak will leave the world with a “significant liquid fuels deficit formore than two decades” that “will almost certainly cause major economic upheaval”; even with a ten-year lead time for mitigation efforts government intervention will be required and the world will experience a ten-year fuel shortfall. A crash program initiated twenty years ahead of the event will offer “the possibility” of avoiding a fuel shortfall. The report emphasizes repeatedly that both supply- and demand-side mitigation options will take many years to implement and will cost “literally trillions of dollars”; it also notes that “the world has neverfaced a problem like this.”

The Hirsch report concludes that substantial mitigation of the economic, social, and political impacts of Peak Oil can come only from efforts both to increase energy supplies from alternativesources and to reduce demand for oil. With regard to the claim that efficiency measures by themselves will be enough to forestall dire impacts, Hirsch et al. note that, “While greater end-use efficiency is essential, increased efficiency alone will beneither sufficient nor timely enough to solve the problem. Production of large amounts of substitute liquid fuels will be required.” Further, “Mitigation will require a minimum of a decade of intense, expensive effort, because the scale of liquid fuelsmitigation is inherently extremely large.” Hirsch, et al., also point out that “The problems associated with world oil production peaking will not be temporary, and past ‘energy crisis’ experiencewill provide relatively little guidance.”

Oil optimists often say that efforts aimed at mitigating the effects of Peak Oil undertaken too soon would entail a cost to society. The SAIC report agrees. However, it concludes that, “If peaking is imminent, failure to initiate timely mitigation couldbe extremely damaging. Prudent risk management requires the planning and implementation of mitigation well before peaking. Early mitigation will almost certainly be less expensive than delayed mitigation.”

Optimists also insist that the market can take care of the problem: high oil prices will stimulate more exploration, the development of more efficient cars, and the deployment of alternative energy technologies. Interference with market mechanisms would be harmful, they say, and so the governmentshould steer clear of the problem by avoiding setting higher efficiency standards, subsidizing renewables, and so on.
The report’s authors dismiss these claims. Price signals warn only of immediate scarcity; however, the mitigation efforts needed in order to prepare for the global oil production peak must be undertaken many years in advance of the event. Hirsch, et al.,maintain that, “Intervention by governments will be required, because the economic and socia
l implications of oil peaking would otherwise be chaotic. The experiences of the 1970s and 1980s offerimportant guides as to government actions that are desirable and those that are undesirable, but the process will not be easy.”

Here, then, is a significant report produced by an independent research company for the US Department of Energy, warning of a global problem of “unprecedented” proportions with economic,social, and political impacts that are likely to be extremely severe. The authors forecast “protracted economic hardship” for the United States and the rest of the world. It is a problem that deserves “immediate, serious attention.”
Yet, half a year after release, discussion of the Hirsch report is conspicuously absent from the press and the halls of Congress. For months it has been archived, in PDF format, on a high school website (www.hilltoplancers.org http://www.hilltoplancers.org/> ,Hilltop High School in Chula Vista, Calif.). It now can be found on a few other sites as well (including www.energybulletin.net
<http://www.energybulletin.net/> and www.projectcensored.org <http://www.projectcensored.org/> ) — but why must citizens search for an important government-sponsored report on private web sites?

If the content of the Hirsch report is to be believed — and there is every reason to think it should be — then this is a document that deserves the close attention of every leader of government and industry in the US. Newspapers and newsmagazines should be running excerpts and summaries. Instead, there is nearly total silence. In late May Robert Hirsch presented the substance of the report at the annual Workshop of the Association for the Study of Peak Oil (ASPO) in Lisbon, Portugal to an audience of about 300 (www.cge.uevora.pt/aspo2005/abscom/Abstract_Lisbon_Hirsch.pdf ). That event received virtually no press coverage in the US.

The Atlantic Council (www.acus.org <http://www.acus.org/> ) is considering publishing the Hirsch report, however there is no projected date of publication. When contacted, Dr. Hirsch replied that the document is “a public report, paid for and released by DOE NETL,” and that it therefore can be reposted “at will.”
Meanwhile oil is hovering around $60 and is likely to head higher, and analysts look to the fourth quarter of 2005 unsure whether supply will be able to keep up with burgeoning demand.

8) Peak Oil II:

http://www.tomdispatch.com/index.mhtml?emx=x&pid;=10216
The Twilight Era of Petroleum
By Michael T. Klare

Several recent developments — persistently high gasoline prices, unprecedented warnings from the Secretary of Energy and the major oil companies, China’s brief pursuit of the American Unocal Corporation — suggest that we are just about to enter the Twilight Era of Petroleum, a time of chronic energy shortages and economic stagnation as well as recurring crisis and conflict. Petroleum will not exactly disappear during this period — it will still be available at the neighborhood gas pump, for those who can afford it — but it will not be cheap and abundant, as it has been for the past 30 years. The culture and lifestyles we associate with the heyday of the Petroleum Age -– large, gas-guzzling cars and SUVs, low-density suburban sprawl, strip malls and mega-malls, cross-country driving vacations, and so on — will give way to more constrained patterns of living based on a tight gasoline diet. While Americans will still consume the lion’s share of global petroleum stocks on a daily basis, we will have to compete far more vigorously with consumers from other countries, including China and India, for access to an ever-diminishing pool of supply.

The concept of a “twilight” of petroleum derives from what is known about the global supply and demand equation. Energy experts have long acknowledged that the global production of oil will someday reach amoment of maximum (or “peak”) daily output, followed by an increasingly sharp drop in supply. But while the basic concept of peak oil has gained substantial worldwide acceptance, there is still much confusionabout its actual character. Many people who express familiarity with the concept tend to view peak oil as a sharp pinnacle, with global output rising to the summit one month and dropping sharply the next;and looking back from a hundred years hence, things might actually appear this way. But for those of us embedded in this moment of time, peak oil will be experienced as something more like a rocky plateau –an extended period of time, perhaps several decades in length, during which global oil production will remain at or near current levels but will fail to achieve the elevated output deemed necessary to satisfy future world demand. The result will be perennially high prices, intense international competition for available supplies, and periodicshortages caused by political and social unrest in the producing countries.

The Era of Easy Oil Is Over

The Twilight Era of oil, as I term it, is likely to be characterized by the growing politicization of oil policy and the recurring use of military force to gain control over valuable supplies. This is sobecause oil, alone among all major trading commodities, is viewed as a strategic material; something so vital to a nation’s economicwell-being, that is, as to justify the use of force in assuring its availability. That nations are prepared to go to war over petroleum is not exactly a new phenomenon. The pursuit of foreign oil was asignificant factor in World War II and the 1991 Gulf War, to offer only two examples; but it is likely to become ever more a part of our everyday world in a period of increased competition and diminishingsupplies.

This new era will not begin with a single, clearly defined incident, but rather with a series of events suggesting
the transition from a period of relative abundance to a time of persistent scarcity. Theseevents will take both economic and political form: on the one hand, rising energy prices and contracting supplies; on the other, more diplomatic crises and military assertiveness. Recently, we have witnessed significant examples of both.
On the economic side, the most important signals have been provided by rising crude oil prices and warnings of diminished output in the future. A barrel of crude now costs just over $60 — approximately twice the figure for this time a year ago — and many experts believe that the price could rise much higher if the supply situation continues to deteriorate. “We’ve entered a new era of oil prices,” said energyexpert Daniel Yergin in an April interview with Time Magazine. If markets remain as tight as they are at present, “you’ll see a lot more volatility, and you could see prices spike up as high as $65 to $80.”

Analysts at Goldman Sachs are even more pessimistic, suggesting that oil could reach as high as $105 a barrel in the near future. “We believe that oil markets may have entered the early stages of what wehave referred to as a ‘super-spike’ period,” they reported in April, with elevated prices prevailing for a “multi-year” stretch of time.

Of course, the world has experienced severe price spikes before — most notably in 1973-74 following the October War between Egypt and Israel and the Arab oil embargo, as well as in 1979-80 following the Iranian Revolution — but this time the high prices are likely to persist indefinitely, rather than recede as was the case in the past. This isso because new production (in such places as the Caspian Sea and off the West coa
st of Africa) is not coming on line fast enough or furiously enough to compensate for the decline in output from olderfields, such as those in North America and the North Sea. On top of this, it is becoming increasingly evident that stalwart producers like Russia and Saudi Arabia have depleted many of their most prolificfields and are no longer capable of boosting their total output in significant ways.

Until recently, it was considered heresy for officials of the oil industry and government bodies like the U.S. Department of Energy to acknowledge the possibility of a near-term contraction in oil supplies. But several recent events signal the breakdown of the dominant consensus:

*On July 8, Secretary of Energy Samuel Bodman told reporters from the Christian Science Monitor that the era of cheap and abundant petroleum may now be over. “For the first time in my lifetime,” he declared, major oil suppliers like Saudi Arabia “are right at their ragged edge” in their ability to satisfy rising world demand for energy. Despite thehuge increase in international demand, Bodman noted, the world’s leading producers are not capable of substantially expanding their output, and so we should expect a continuing upward trend in gasolineprices. “We are in a new situation,” he asserted. “We are likely at least in the near-term to be dealing with a different pricing regime than we have seen before.”

*One week later, oil giant Chevron took out a two-page spread in the New York Times, the Wall Street Journal, and other major papers to signal its awareness of the impending energy crunch. “One thing is clear,” the advertisement announced, “the era of easy oil is over.” This was an extraordinary admission by a major oil company. The ad wenton to say that “many of the world’s oil and gas fields are maturing” and that “new energy discoveries are mainly occurring in places where resources are difficult to extract, physically, economically, and even politically.” Equally revealing, the ad noted that the world will consume approximately one trillion barrels of oil over the next 30 years — about as much untapped petroleum as is thought to lie in the world’s known, “proven” reserves.

Oil Shockwave

These, and other recent reports from trade and industry sources, suggest that the anticipated slowdown in global petroleum output will have severe economic consequences. If prices spike at $100 a barrel, as suggested by Goldman Sachs, a global economic recession is almost unavoidable. At the same time, the slowdown in output is sure to havesignificant political and military consequences, as suggested by another set of recent events.

The most notable of these, of course, is the domestic brouhaha triggered by the $18.5 billion bid by the Chinese National Offshore Oil Corporation (CNOOC) for U.S.-based Unocal, originally known as the Union Oil Company of California. Unocal, the owner of substantial oil and gas reserves in Asia, was originally wooed by Chevron, which offered $16.8 billion for the company earlier this year. The very fact that a Chinese firm had been prepared to outbid a powerful American firm for control of a major U.S.-based oil company is immensely significant in purely economic terms.

Since abandoned by the Chinese because of fierce American political opposition, the effort, if consummated, would have represented the largest transaction ever by a Chinese enterprise in the United States. But the bid triggered intense political debate and resistance in Washington because of CNOOC’s ties to the Chinese government — it is70% owned by the state — and because the principal commodity involved, oil, was considered so vital to the U.S. economy and was thought to be less plentiful than once assumed. Fearing that China might gain control over valuable supplies of oil and gas that would someday be needed at home or by U.S. allies in Asia, conservative politicians sought to block CNOOC’s acquisition of Unocal by recasting the matter in national security terms.

“This is a national security issue,” former CIA Director R. James Woolsey testified before the House Armed Services Committee in July. “China is pursuing a national strategy of domination of the energymarkets and strategic dominance of the western Pacific” — a strategy, he argued, that would be greatly enhanced by CNOOC’s acquisition of Unocal. Seen from this perspective, CNOOC’s bid was considered a threat to U.S. security interests and thus could have been barred by Congress or the President.

The notion of blocking a commercial transaction by a major foreign trading partner of the United States obviously flew in the face of the reigning economic doctrine of free trade and globalization. By invoking national security considerations, however, the President is empowered to bar the acquisition of a U.S. company in accordance with the Defense Production Act of 1950, a Cold War measure designed to prevent the flow of advanced technologies to the Soviet Union and it allies. This is precisely what was being proposed by a huge majority in the House of Representatives. On June 30, the House adopted a resolution declaring that CNOOC’s takeover of Unocal could “impair the national security of the United States” and therefore should be barred by the President under terms of the 1950 law. This outlook then made its way into the omnibus energy bill adopted by Congress before its summer recess: Citing potential national security aspects of the matter, the bill imposed a mandatory 120-day federal review of the CNOOC bid — effectively ensuring its demise.

Further evidence of a growing amalgamation between energy issues and U.S. national security policy can be found in the Pentagon’s 2005 report on Chinese military power, released on July 20. While in previous years this report had focused mainly on China’s purported threat to the island of Taiwan, this year’s edition pays as much attention to the military implications of China’s growing dependence on imported oil and natural gas. “This dependence on overseas resources and energy supplies… is playing a role in shaping China’s strategy and policy,” the report notes. “Such concerns factor heavily in Beijing’s relations with Angola, Central Asia, Indonesia, the Middle East (including Iran), Russia, Sudan, and Venezuela… Beijing’s belief that it requires such special relationships in order to assure its energy access could shape its defense strategy and force planning in the future.”

The unclassified version of the Pentagon report does not state what steps Washington should take in response to these developments, but the implications are obvious: The United States must strengthen its own forces in key oil-producing regions so as to preclude any drive by China to dominate or control these areas.
Just how seriously American policymakers view these various energy-related developments is further revealed in another recent event: the first high-profile “war game” featuring an overseas oil crisis. Known as “Oil Shockwave,” this extraordinary exercise was chaired by Senators Richard Lugar of Indiana and Joe Lieberman of Connecticut, and featured the participation of such prominent figures as former CIA Director Robert M. Gates, former Marine Corps Commandant General P. X. Kelley, and former National Economic Adviser Gene B. Sperling. According to its sponsors, the game was conducted to determine what steps the United States could take to mitigate the impact of a significant disruption in overseas production and delivery, such as might be produced by a civil war in Nigeria and a terrorist upsurge in Saudi Arabia. The answer: practically nothing. “Once oil supply disruptions occur,” the participants concluded, “there is little that can be done in the short term to protect the U.S. economy from its impacts, including gasoline above $5 per gallon and a sharp decline in economic growth potentially leading into a recession.”

Not surprisingly, the outcome of the exercise produced a great deal of alarm among its participants. “This simulation serves as a cle
ar warning that even relatively small reductions in oil supply will result in tremendous national security and economic problems for the country,” said Robbie Diamond of Securing America’s Energy Future (SAFE), one of the event’s principal sponsors. “The issue deserves immediate attention.”

Entering the Era of Resource Wars

From what is known of this exercise, “Oil Shockwave” did not consider the use of military force to deal with the imagined developments. But if recent history is any indication, this is sure to be one of the actions contemplated by U.S. policymakers in the event of an actual crisis. Indeed, it is official U.S. policy — enshrined in the “Carter Doctrine” of January 23, 1980 — to use military force when necessary to resist any hostile effort to impede the flow of Middle Eastern oil.

This principle was first invoked by President Reagan to allow the protection of Kuwaiti oil tankers by U.S. forces during the Iran-Iraq War of 1980-88 and by President Bush Senior to authorize the protection of Saudi Arabia by U.S. forces during the first Gulf War of 1990-91. The same basic principle underlay the military and economic “containment” of Iraq from 1991 to 2003; and, when that approach failed to achieve its intended result of “regime change,” the use of military force to bring it about.

A similar reliance on force would undoubtedly be the outcome of at least one of the key imagined events in the Oil Shockwave exercise: a major terrorist upheaval in Saudi Arabia leading to the mass evacuation of foreign oil workers and the crippling of Saudi oil output. It is inconceivable that President Bush or his successor would refrain from the use of military force in such a situation, particularly given the historic presence of American troops in and around major Saudi oilfields.

In setting the stage for its simulated crisis, Oil Shockwave identified a set of conditions that provide a vivid preview of what we can expect during the Twilight Era of Petroleum:

*Global oil prices exceeding $150 per barrel*Gasoline prices of $5.00 or more per gallon*A spike in the consumer price index of more than 12%*A protracted recession*A decline of over 25% in the Standard & Poor’s 500 stock index*A crisis with China over Taiwan*Increased friction with Saudi Arabia over U.S. policy toward Israel

Whether or not we experience these precise conditions cannot be foreseen at this time, it is incontestable that a slowdown in the global production of petroleum will produce increasingly severe developments of this sort and, in a far tenser, more desperate world, almost certainly threaten resource wars of all sorts; nor will this be a temporary situation from which we can hope to recover quickly. It will be a semi-permanent state of affairs.
Eventually, of course, global oil production will not merely be stagnant, as during the Twilight Era, but will begin a gradual, irreversible decline, leading to the end of the Petroleum Age altogether. Just how difficult and dangerous the Twilight Era proves to be, and just how quickly it will come to an end, will depend on one key factor: How quickly we move to reduce our reliance on petroleum as a major source of our energy and begin the transition to alternative fuels. This transition cannot be avoided. It will come whether we are prepared for it or not. The only way we can avert its most painful features is by moving swiftly to lay the foundations for a post-petroleum economy.
——–
Michael T. Klare is the Professor of Peace and World Security Studies at Hampshire College and the author, most recently, of Blood and Oil: The Dangers and Consequences of America’s Growing Dependence on Imported Petroleum (Owl Books) as well as Resource Wars, The New Landscape of Global Conflict.

8) ALA Resolution:

ALA Council passes resolution on connection between Iraq War, libraries (CHICAGO) At the American Library Association (ALA) 2005 Annual Conference in Chicago, June 23-29, the ALA Council adopted a resolution on the connection between the Iraq War and libraries. ALA CD#62 states that: “many of Iraq’s cultural treasures, including libraries, archives, manuscripts, and artifacts, have been destroyed, lost, or stolen” and ” even a small fraction of these resources [spent on the war] would be more than sufficient for rebuilding and greatly enhancing the libraries and educational institutions of both Iraq and the U.S.”
The 182-member ALA governing body voted passed ALA CD#62 on June 29, 2005. The resolution:
calls for the withdrawal from Iraq of all U.S. military forces, and the return of full sovereignty to the people of Iraq; urges the United States government to subsequently shift its budgetary priorities from the occupation of Iraq to improved support for vital domestic programs, including United States libraries; and
calls upon the United States government to provide material assistance through the United Nations for the reconstruction of Iraq, including its museums, libraries, schools, and other cultural resources.

The resolution will be sent to all members of Congress, the Secretary of Defense, the Secretary of State, the President of the United States, and the press.
To read the full document, please visit the ALA Web site at:
http://www.ala.org/ala/ourassociation/governanceb/council/councilagendas/annual2005a/CD62.doc.

9) U. Chicago Conference:

Science, Vol 309, Issue 5736, 869 , 5 August 2005
News Focus
RENCONTRE ASSYRIOLOGIQUE INTERNATIONALE MEETING:
Looted Tablets Pose Scholar’s Dilemma
Andrew Lawler

CHICAGO, ILLINOIS–More than 300 Mesopotamian scholars gathered at the University of Chicago’s famed Oriental Institute from 17 to 23 July. Researchers hotly debated the ethics of working with looted tablets.

http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/full/309/5736/869

[Content restricted to subscribers – if you can’t get this directly, try going through your Library – or stop by your news stand]

10) US Immigrants’ rights news:

Last month, IJ Weisel in New York granted an Egyptian NSERRS registrant’s Motion to Terminate proceedings in a case prsented by Catholic Charities New York and the St. John’s Law School Immigrant Rights Clinic. After a five-hour hearing involving direct and cross examination of the Respondent (conducted by Student Attorney Rachita Sharma) and cross examination of a DHS Special Agent, IJ Weisel concluded that the Respondent’s arrest and detention had occurred in violation of DHS regulations, which implicated fundamental/constitutional rights and individual interests. Finding any evidence flowing from the Respondent’s identity to be tained, IJ Weisel further suppressed DHS’s proffer of “independent evidence.” As there was no information to sustain the charge of removability, IJ Weisel terminated the proceedings.
DHS has filed a Notice of Appeal to the BIA.

11) Turkey should consider using this story in its next tourism ad campaign:

http://www.guardian.co.uk/uk_news/story/0,3604,1543733,00.html

Mother leaves £25 for abandoned daughter and moves to Turkey
Martin Wainwright
Saturday August 6, 2005
The Guardian

A bewildered teenager is staying with friends after getting home from school to find £25 rolled up in a note saying that her mother and older sister had gone to start a new life in Turkey.

Police and social services are investigating how an apparent family tiff turned into something much more drastic, to the astonishment of a small Yorkshire village where everyone knows everyone else and most of their business.

Clothes pegs are still on the washing line of Elaine Walker’s rented
terrace house in Redmire in Wensleydale. But the locks have been changed and Mrs Walker, an Avon cosmetics rep who supplemented her earnings with bar work and cleaning holiday cottages, has handed in her notice and told the housing association which owns her house that there will be no more rent.

Neighbours described the dramatic flit as “unexpected and appalling”, saying that the daughter left behind, 15-year-old Laura Walker, was putting on a brave face but was extremely upset and hurt. Mrs Walker left abruptly two weeks ago with her other daughter, Stacey, who is 17, but other family members have only just discovered the situation after gossip led to local publicity.North Yorkshire social services and police said last night that their priority was the safety and wellbeing of Laura, who is understood not to have heard from her mother or Stacey and to have no phone number or address for them.

Derek Law, corporate director of North Yorkshire social services, said: “This teenager is the victim of a situation completely beyond her control and in the circumstances she is coping remarkably well. A number of members of her extended family have come forward to offer her both short-term and long-term accommodation. She and officers from social services are talking to those people to establish which is the most suitable accommodation to meet her current needs.”

Mrs Walker, who is separated from Laura’s father and has three adult children living away from home, went on a family trip last month to Antalya in Turkey, where she had a romance with a local man she called “Al.” Neighbours said that there had been much joking on her return about her daydreams of starting a new life in the Mediterranean sun, especially as Stacey had apparently found a boyfriend in Antalya too.

But Melanie Hammond, 32, who used to host sleepovers for Laura and Stacey at her own home in the village, said: “You don’t just leave your child behind. I don’t think she could return to Redmire now. People wouldn’t know what to say to her if they met her in the village.”

Another neighbour, 61-year-old Edna Hunter, could not reconcile the situation with the “chatty and friendly” mother she knew. “I understand that she had met someone out there,” she said. “This is a close-knit community. When my husband told me, I was in shock.”

Mr Law said: “This particular situation has attracted a great deal of media attention, but it is not uncommon. We have dealt with many similar situations in North Yorkshire in the past.”

North Yorkshire police said that there were no plans to send officers to Turkey, but consultations were being held with social services on Laura’s safety and security and “resolving the issue in a satisfactory way”.

Posted in Uncategorized | 4 Comments

Saudi, Iraq MSS, Turkyilmaz, Settlements, Propaganda

1) Juan Cole’s analysis of Saudi’s transition from Fahd to Abdullah:

http://www.salon.com/news/feature/2005/08/05/fahd/

2) Iraq’s Manuscript Collections Report:

I draw your attention to the following report, published today on the web site of the MELA Committee on Iraqi Libraries:

Indispensable yet Vulnerable: The Library in Dangerous Times. Preface to a Report on the Status of Iraqi Academic libraries and a Survey of Efforts to Assist Them By Jeff Spurr, Harvard University

http://oi.uchicago.edu/OI/IRAQ/mela/indispensable.html

This essay joins other publications of the Committee
at:
http://oi.uchicago.edu/OI/IRAQ/mela/melairaq.html

3) Turkish scholar arrested in Armenia:

SSRC Related Article:
http://www.ssrc.org/Threats-to-Intellectual-Freedom/Turkyilmaz.page

RFE/RL Armenia Report Monday, 1 August, 2005

Arrested Turkish Scholar Denies Smuggling Charges
By Karine Kalantarian and Emil Danielyan

A Turkish scholar arrested last June for allegedly attempting to smuggle rare books out of Armenia has pleaded not guilty to extraordinary criminal charges that could land him in prison for up to eight years, his Armenian lawyer said on Monday.

Vartuhi Elbakian told RFE/RL that the Armenian authorities have rejected her petitions to release Yektan Turkyilmaz, a doctoral student at Duke University in the United States, pending trial. They also seem to have ignored protests from a group of Turkish intellectuals, among them prominent critics of Ankara’s continuing denial of the 1915 genocide of Armenians in the Ottoman Empire.

Turkyilmaz was detained at Yerevan’s Zvartnots international airport on June 17. Armenian law-enforcement authorities said he carried old Armenian books of `high historical and cultural value’ which can not be taken out of the country without a government permission.

The 33-year-old scholar was remanded in custody and charged under an article of the Armenian Criminal Code that carries between 4 and 8 years in jail for the contraband of anything ranging from old books to weapons of mass destruction.

Elbakian said her client was not aware that he needed a government permission for seven of the 88 books which he bought or received as a gift during his two-month research in Armenia. She argued that neither Turkey nor the United States have such legal requirements.

The attorney also said that investigators from Armenia’s National Security Service (NSS) gave `no concrete
reasons’ for the rejection of her appeals for Turkyilmaz’s release on bail. The petition was accompanied by personal guarantees from an opposition member of Armenia’s parliament, Shavarsh Kocharian, and a renowned U.S. historian of Armenian descent, Richard Hovannisian.

According to Elbakian, the Turkish government has still not demanded explanations from official Yerevan in connection with the case. She claimed that Ankara is showing little interest in Turkyilmaz’s fate because he has questioned in the past the official Turkish line on the 1915-1923 mass killings and deportations of Ottoman Armenians.

The Armenian authorities are instead facing pressure from prominent representatives of Turkish civil society. In an open letter to President Robert Kocharian last month, about two dozen of them expressed `grave concern’ about Turkyilmaz’s prosecution and called for his `immediate release.’

`We understand that none of the books he had with him were absolutely prohibited from being taken out of the country, but only required permissions,’ read the letter. `We are convinced that Mr. Turkyilmaz did not know about this requirement at the time and would have undoubtedly complied with this requirement as he has demonstrated to be a serious scholar and a friend of Armenian culture on many occasions.’

`While it may be appropriate to impose a fine for the unknowing violation of customs regulations, prison terms of 4 to 8 years are grossly disproportionate and would send a deterrent signal to other independent scholars,’ said the signatories.

Among them are academics Taner Akcam, Murat Belge, Halil Berktay as well as publisher Ragip Zarakolu and Turkey’s most famous writer, Orhan Pamuk. They have all repeatedly denounced Turkey’s denial of the genocide despite threats and condemnation from nationalist circles.

Kocharian’s spokesman, Victor Soghomonian, told RFE/RL that the Armenian leader will examine and react to the letter only after returning from his two-week vacation which began on Monday. It is still not clear when Turkyilmaz will go on trial. According to his lawyer, the authorities have already chosen a Yerevan court of first instance that will hear the case.

Turyilmaz became last May the first the first Turkish historian who sought and was given access to the Armenian National Archive. His research there focused on activities of Turkish, Kurdish and Armenian nationalist parties during the final decades of the Ottoman Empire.

Armenian officials portrayed Turkyilmaz’s presence as proof that the Armenian archives have always been
open to Turkish researchers despite Ankara’s claims to the contrary. The signatories of the open letter to Kocharian warned that his prosecution could `raise serious doubts as to whether Armenia encourages independent scholarly research on its history.’

The potential punishment facing Turkyilmaz is unusually harsh given the nature of his alleged crime. Imprisonment of individuals detained while trying to smuggle cultural treasures out of Armenia has been extremely rare. Such cases usually end in heavy fines and the confiscation of those items.

Individuals familiar with the case claim that the NSS, the Armenian successor to the Soviet-era KGB, considered charging Turkyilmaz with espionage before bringing the smuggling case. Giving weight to this theory is the fact that the suspect is being held in the ex-KGB’s basement jail, the most tightly guarded in the country, and that law-enforcement officials confiscated electronic copies of the archival documents which he studied in Yerevan.

Furthermore, the Turkish intellectuals who appealed to Kocharian said Turkyilmaz `has been questioned about his research and theoretical orientations.’ `There can be no justification for this treatment,’ they said.
Among the individuals questioned by the NSS as witnesses in the case are three ethnic Armenian citizens of Turkey who live and study in Yerevan. The security agency has so far refused to divulge or comment on details of the investigation.

4) They just build and build and build:

Washington, DC, August 4 — The American Task Force on Palestine (ATFP) warned of the consequences of Israel’s decision today to expand the West Bank settlement of Beitar Illit, bordering Jerusalem. Israeli Housing Ministry spokesman Kobi Bleich announced today the plan to build 72 housing units in an effort to expand the Betar Illit settlement. Settlements and the moving of an occupying power’s civilians into occupied territory are prohibited by international law. There are currently 400,000 Israeli settlers in the West Bank and East Jerusalem.

ATFP cautioned that these strategically located construction projects could scuttle the diplomatic progress made since the election in January of the new Palestinian President Mahmoud Abbas. Israel should not view its upcoming Gaza withdrawal as a quid pro quo for increasing settlement activity in the West Bank and East Jerusalem. ATFP urged the Bush Administration to use its good offices to ensure that this new settlement construction program does not go forward
, and that neither side take steps to jeopardize the fragile cease-fire or abrogate their basic commitments under the Roadmap.

‘Any new settlement building or expansion, includingnatural growth, is a breach of Israel’s commitments under the Roadmap promoted by U.S. President George W. Bush,’ said ATFP president Ziad Asali. ‘They are also contravene Israeli PM Sharon’s April 11 commitment to President Bush in Crawford, Texas, that Israel will meet all its obligations under the Roadmap.’

ATFP is opposed to any unilateral action by Israel on the issue of settlements. Any adjustments to the 1967 borders can only be reached through negotiations and the mutual agreement of both parties.

5) The following is a serious analysis posted by Daniel Pipes’ listserve. What strikes me is how blazingly insincere the author is about the needs and interests of the people involved (Iraqis). While applauding his honesty, it really seems hard to read this and accept the existence of any kind of positive and humane intentions on the part of those who initiated the nightmare of Iraq:

Reconstructing Iraq: Winning the Propaganda War in Iraq
by Ron Schleifer
Middle East Quarterly
Summer 2005
http://www.meforum.org/article/735

The coalition’s campaign in Iraq has become as much a psychological as a military war.

Psychological warfare applies a series of messages and actions to persuade an audience to adopt particular policies. Not only formal allies, but also terrorists and insurgents incorporate a psychological component into their actions. Unable to defeat their foes in open battle, smaller, weaker entities often resort to terrorism or guerrilla actions to weaken enemy morale. By choosing their targets to maximize psychological impact, terrorists and insurgents seek to magnify their actions.

After coalition forces swept through Iraq, a number of Saddam Hussein loyalists, Al-Qaeda enthusiasts, pro-Iranian Shi‘ites, and a collection of tribal and local gang leaders launched a savage guerrilla war against both the U.S. military and their Iraqi partners. These insurgents’ diverse agendas coalesce around a desire to rid Iraq of the U.S. presence. To this end, they have adopted a number of psychological tactics from sending threats to Iraqis working with American contractors, to razing infrastructure projects, to beheading hostages, all aimed at inhibiting any cooperation with the Americans.

Such actions have had greater effect upon the Iraqi population than the American-directed billboards, television advertisements, and photo-ops. That said, the multinational Forces do have a number of effective psychological warfare tools at their disposal. Using these psychological operations to undermine the insurgency is important not only for Iraq but also for the greater battle against Islamist terror.
The Insurgents’ Psychological WarThe Iraqi insurgents, like many guerrilla groups, look to the Vietnam war for inspiration.[1] The Viet Cong showed the world how small, committed groups could overcome and defeat a superpower. Subsequent guerrilla and terrorist groups have adopted these tactics to erode U.S. staying power.

The “wall of iron” strategy seeks to demonstrate the impotency of repression. In Iraq, as in much of the Muslim world and among the Tamils of Sri Lanka, this message is often delivered by suicide bombers. The “spiral of blood” tactic adopts the logic that revolutions thrive as conditions deteriorate. In Iraq, insurgents hope that rising Iraqi casualties and persistent attacks on vital infrastructure such as roads and electricity will alienate the local population and increase opposition to occupation. The “weak versus strong” tactic portrays the occupying power as a formidable force locked in uneven battle against a paltry band of insurgents and a vulnerable population. The goal of this strategy, used effectively by Iranian prime minister Muhammad Musaddiq during his struggle with the Anglo-Iranian Oil Company and British government[2] and later by Palestinian polemicists like Hanan Ashrawi,[3] seeks to isolate the enemy in the international arena and in a democracy’s domestic public opinion. The “moral illegitimacy” tactic seeks to transform an adversary’s self-image from that of a hero intent on rescuing an oppressed society to that of a villain bent on repression. When insurgents dress hostages in orange jump suits in an allusion to Abu Ghraib and alleged Guantánamo Bay prison abuse, they suggest moral equivalency between their actions and the coalition’s. The “asset to liability” tactic seeks to convince the occupying force that any assets it acquires are more trouble than they are worth. Revelations that U.S.-trained, uniformed security service personnel are complicit in terrorist attacks play into this strategy, as have statements by political figures like former governing council member Adnan Pachachi, who maintained close ties to the pro-insurgent Association of Muslim Scholars. While many in the U.S. State Department pinned their hopes on him, at sensitive times of conflict, he aided the insurgency with his condemnation of the United States in high-profile interviews.[4] Finally, the “swamp” tactic goads the occupying force into believing that the situation will only worsen with the length of occupation.

Should any of these psychological tactics push the occupying power to the tipping point, guerrillas will next seek to project themselves as the legitimate popular government, perhaps even establishing a shadow regime. Done too early, this can backfire. When Muqtada al-Sadr declared himself president of Iraq and appointed his own cabinet in October 2003, he undercut himself by making his powerlessness apparent. While psychological warfare tactics may be effective, their success is not predetermined. Defensive strategies and countermeasures exist although the multinational forces in Iraq have been less than effective in their
application.

Psychological CounterinsurgencyThroughout history, conquering armies have sought to elicit the occupied population’s support. The U.S. Army’s manual on psychological warfare endorses the goal of winning the hearts and minds of the local population, something the U.S. military failed to do during the Vietnam war. The Psychological Operations manual, though, limits its discussion to winning battlefield victory. It underplays if not ignores the role of psychological operations in consolidating control after victory and in the new postwar regime.[5]

Another manual, Civil Affairs, discusses the question of how best to administer occupied areas although its main thrust is how to replace military with civil institutions as quickly as possible in order to restore normalcy in administered territory. [6] Army psychological operation field manuals outline the strategic, operational, tactical, and consolidation phases necessary for success.[7] The consolidation chapters suggest that psychological operations should seek to persuade the civilian population to support U.S. military presence by showing a convergence of interests with those of the United States. This may work, but not in cases such as Iraq where some observers, both in the West and in the Middle East, regard the war as a cultural conflict along the lines of Samuel Huntington’s clash of civilizations theory.[8]

While fine in theory, the courses of action recommended by these manuals are often naïve, especially as the authors avoid tactics that may impinge upon Western democratic cultural values. Liberal democracies shy away from propaganda. Many officials find it dishonest, although it need not be. Others distrust any government involvement in media. The Pentagon’s ill-fated Office of Strategic Influence established in the wake of 9-11 reflected this problem. After detractors leaked the existence of the office and mischaracterized its function, the Pentagon leadership shuttered its operations.[9] Likewise, government attempts to spons
or websites supportive of U.S. policy have fizzled in response to domestic criticism.[10]

In Iraq, the coalition forces’ first priority for psychological operations was to take control of the country’s communication systems in order both to transmit information to the Iraqi people and to counter dangerous street rumors. The U.S. Air Force operated Commando Solo, an airborne facility that broadcast messages to the Iraqi public. Subsequently, coalition authorities established Al-Iraqiya television. In many ways, though, such operations were too little too late, as Iranian authorities had managed to establish their own Arabic language television several weeks before the Americans.[11]

But, countering rumors is not enough to ensure success; rather, the multinational forces should spread their own. This was done with some success by U.S. intelligence in the run-up to the war through “black propaganda” stations like Radio Tikrit, a covert operation pretending to be operated by Saddam supporters.[12] In the absence of a fully interest-free civilian media infrastructure, the army’s psychological warfare units should utilize military and CIA media networks, mobile printing outfits, loudspeakers, and broadcasting units. Psychological operations units should utilize allied elites to test messages, something the Iraqi Media Network failed to do in the initial stages of the Iraq occupation. In one prominent example, the U.S.-managed station used the eight-pointed star motif seen often in Iraqi architecture; State Department officials did not realize that most Iraqis associated it with the Baath Party. While wartime test groups often undermine their effectiveness by seeking to gratify their examiners, they could, nonetheless, prevent blatant mistakes and miscues.[13]

Cultural understanding is the key to successful psychological operations. While anthropologists have studied the different ethnical contexts in which different cultures operate,[14] security specialists still tend to try a one-size-fits-all approach. During World War II, the shared cultural background allowed U.S. and European allies to wage more effective psychological operations against Germany than against Japan.[15] In the Iraqi context, General David Petraeus’ efforts to replicate Balkan-style reconciliation in Mosul backfired since Baathists interpreted his initiatives not as magnanimous but as weakness. They used the space he provided to regroup and reorganize.

To roll back the Iraqi insurgency (and Islamist challenges elsewhere), U.S. forces could apply a number of defensive measures. The “friendly approach” tactic requires maintaining an affable attitude toward the Iraqi people. The U.S. Marines did this successfully in the initial stages of the occupation, often playing soccer with neighborhood children and then losing in order to ingratiate themselves to parents. Language can be a barrier, though. Many units began to engage in civil affairs functions without adequate language ability or competent translators.[16] Short of having a corps of bilingual soldiers, the U.S. Defense Department should take better care concerning the differences between Arabic dialects, provide soldiers with English-Arabic conversation manuals, and better train its ground forces on Iraqi and Islamic culture. Some modest steps were taken during Operation Desert Storm when the U.S. army distributed pamphlets to servicemen on local Saudi culture. A more recent example are mock Iraqi villages at U.S. military training facilities manned with Arabic-speaking Americans.[17] As important, though, would be English conversation manuals geared to Iraqis, which would also highlight aspects of American culture. Confidence-building measures, both practical and symbolic, like positive gestures towards the Iraqis’ cultural-religious heritage are also important in this context. The more positive the personal relationship between Americans and Iraqis, the less likely would individual Iraqis be to oppose the U.S. presence.

Other strategies would also immunize Iraqis against insurgent propaganda. A “point of gravity” approach demands that multinational forces impress upon the Iraqis that the coalition retains full control and that insurgents are no more than a minor irritant. The flip side of this strategy would be to convey withdrawal as leading to chaos. The point-of-gravity approach does not mandate the abandonment of democratization as a goal but would require it to progress incrementally. While such an approach may contradict the “friendly approach,” the Middle East’s history of paternalistic government means that sympathy and discipline are not necessarily mutually exclusive.

There are other mechanisms to make Iraqis less susceptible to insurgency. The “co-option” tactic implies incorporating both allies and adversaries into the country’s administrative system. Jordan’s King Hussein, for example, co-opted West Bank clergy by paying their salaries for more than two decades after Jordan lost day-to-day control over the territory. Only in 1988 did the Palestine Liberation Organization take over the local religious establishment, appointing its own people to various holy offices, in the process undercutting Jordanian influence and the moderation it brought. King Abdullah II spoke of the need to co-opt Jordan’s own radical clergy in a recent interview.[18] While the U.S. authorities sought to include Iraqis politically after liberation, there was resistance to a large Iraqi role. Both the State Department and CIA resisted early efforts to train an Iraqi security force and Coalition Provisional Authority (CPA) administrator L. Paul Bremer flaunted his veto power over Iraqi figures. Petraeus’s inclusion of high-level Baathists, meanwhile, undercut the image of liberation.

The U.S. government has had slightly more success with the “Voice of America” strategy, an old Cold War tactic that exploits people’s insatiable desire for information. The coalition has not been alone, however. Through the Arabic-language satellite station Al-Jazeera, Islamists have used this strategy effectively against U.S. forces, largely because interagency infighting delayed the commencement of Al-Iraqiya broadcasts. In the current context, U.S. forces should expose the insurgents’ manipulative educational and propaganda practices. Rather than classify captured Iraqi documents highlighting the former Baathist government’s bribes to Al-Jazeera journalists,[19] for example, U.S. officials should publish them. While the coalition has been slow to do this, Iraqi politicians have seized upon this strategy, most recently, by publishing excerpts from the Iraqi intelligence service files showing interim defense minister Hazin ash-Shalaan to have been in the pay of the former regime.[20] The key to the “Voice of America” strategy’s success is truth, even if it is to the coalition’s short-term disadvantage. A reputation for truth undercuts the insurgents’ more bombastic messages. To some extent, the U.S.-funded Radio Sawa, which seeks to appeal to Arab youth with a combination of pop music and news, and Al-Hurra satellite channel are making inroads though Radio Sawa seems to be more effective in its indirect approach.[21] Print media can also be effective if disseminated in the right way. During World War I, Britain’s propaganda machine produced thousands of publications for which it charged money, assuming correctly that people would dismiss cost-free material.[22]

The “spiral of welfare” can remedy insurgents’ “spiral of blood” tactic by allocating resources to peaceful areas, rather than rewarding violence. Unfortunately, by diverting resources from the initially quiet multiethnic city of Kirkuk to placate the insurgent hotbed town of Hawija, Liane Sanders, the CPA’s chief policy advisor for northern Iraq, may have exacerbated the situation in both locations. Likewise, empowering Fallujah insurgents to maintain peace in that city only exacerbated violence, increasing car bombs throughout the country by 600 percent.[23] The impact of the “spiral of welfare” strategy can
be amplified with pinpoint information operations. Publicizing improvements and delivery of humanitarian aide in a single village can have a far-reaching and long-term impact.

Another technique would be the so-called “naturalizing” strategy that broadcasts the efforts the occupying military is making to institute civilian rule. British authorities used this tactic successfully throughout the nineteenth century by establishing civil administrations throughout their empire. In Iraq, U.S. forces on police duty should wear police rather than military uniforms. While this might raise questions of international law, such questions can be addressed by designing police-like uniforms. This is not only an image issue, though, but also a larger question of atmosphere. Combat fatigues and boots are meaningless in an urban scene, and a change in design and color of helmets and clothes—though not necessarily weapons—might bring about a welcomed atmosphere. CPA administrator Bremer may have undercut the efficacy of the occupation when he proposed ruling Iraq as a modern-day McArthur.[24] He undercut the image of civilian rule by constantly donning combat boots, a practice Iraqis both ridiculed and found offensive.

While the above strategies can ameliorate public perception of occupation, they remain insufficient to defeat the insurgency. Accordingly, it is imperative that U.S. forces go on the offensive with psychological operations.

Psychological Warfare on the OffenseAs much of the anti-American propaganda disseminated before, during, and after the war in Iraq proves, radical Islam remains a key element in the Iraqi conflict. Videos of
beheadings are replete with Islamic rhetoric, as are slogans broadcast from mosques in Fallujah and Najaf alike.

In order to achieve the U.S. aim of a moderate, pro-Western Iraq, U.S. authorities have been careful to avoid open conflict with traditional Islamic culture in which even the slightest criticism of Islam might provoke a passionate reaction. U.S. officials have carefully differentiated between “bad” and “good” Islam. For example, in a September 2003 visit to Baghdad, Secretary of State Colin Powell dined with traditionalist Ayatollah Hussein al-Sadr, but no coalition personnel would meet with his nephew, radical Shi‘ite firebrand Muqtada al-Sadr. Likewise, in the days prior to the Iraqi election, U.S.-funded Al-Hurra television reported statements by Sheikh Muhammad Said Tantawi, the head of the influential Egyptian Al-Azhar University, urging Sunnis to vote, gently promoting sentiments that contradicted the Islamist and pro-insurgent Association of Muslim Scholars.[25]

While U.S. officials have to respect Islam so as not to provoke a backlash that Islamist adversaries such as the Iranian or Saudi Arabian governments can exploit, an effective strategy to defeat Islamist insurgency in Iraq and elsewhere would require Washington to take several steps which may be at odds with its values. In such cases, U.S. intelligence or military personnel might more effectively operate through front organizations that enjoy plausible deniability. Working through these front organizations, the U.S. government might shatter the local population’s faith in the clergy and ultimately discredit radical interpretations of Islam among segments of the Iraqi population.

These tactics fall into two broad categories. The first category seeks to undercut Islamist leaders’ images, mostly by exposing their venial and corrupt nature while the second group aims to launch a profound cultural crisis, similar to that experienced in Europe during the Renaissance and industrial revolution.
A psychological campaign to discredit Islamist clergy might adopt any number of tactics. Five centuries ago, the priest Johann Tetzel (1465-1519) sold indulgences for absolution, using the proceeds to build St. Peter’s basilica in Rome. In launching the Reformation, Martin Luther used Tetzel as an example of the Catholic church’s corruption.[26] Israeli officials used this “Tetzel” tactic to expose corruption within the Palestinian Authority, provoking widespread grassroots Palestinian agitation.[27] Romanian authorities used similar tactics to deflate former regime loyalists when, following the 1989 toppling of Nicolae Ceausescu, they put the dictator’s luxurious palace on display, thereby exposing his opulent and corrupt lifestyle so completely at odds with the socialist principal of moderation. While coalition forces did much the same when they broadcast videos of Saddam Hussein’s palaces with gold plumbing fixtures among the highlights, they have not sought to expose the hypocrisy of some in the clerical hierarchy although the technique can be equally effective with religious officials as the target. It is the widespread belief in their religious leaders’ corruption that has contributed to the disillusionment of so many Iranian youth in their leaders.[28] The ruling Justice and Development Party came to power in Turkey based largely on its reputation as clean and honest amid a sea of corrupt political parties. But, the party’s murky finances[29] have led to a decline in the religious party’s popularity.[30] Reports of widespread corruption among the agents of radical cleric Muqtada al-Sadr, in the offices of lay Islamist politician Ibrahim Ja’afari, and among the family members of prominent cleric Ibrahim Bahr al-Ulum provide ample opportunity to tarnish religious officials’ halos and perhaps discredit some altogether.

Exposure of an opponent’s corruption need not be limited to finances. Few leaders, and especially religious officials, can afford any slur on their private lives. The Americans exploited this tactic when revealing Saddam Hussein’s sons’ heinous sexual crimes. In Iraq’s case, such tactics may prove more successful if used against the country’s Islamist leaders. Such a strategy should be employed with subtlety, however. Newspaper articles questioning the sexuality of Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini spurred an indignant backlash that hurt the shah far more than it did the Islamist opposition.[31]

The two tactics above might have corollary benefits for U.S. public affairs. When the Bush administration
needs to deflect attention from various areas of operation, it might release timely media “bombs” in the shape of monetary or sexual scandals. A greater obstacle exists in the State Department and CIA’s practice of classifying every Iraqi document, which tends to cover up scandals rather than expose them. The material gathered should be released in a controlled manner to serve specific psychological operation goals.
A third effective strategy exposes the insurgent or religious leaders’ hypocrisy. Israeli intelligence used this to great effect when, in August 2002, they unearthed a recording made by the Palestinian security service of a telephone call between the wife of Hamas’s Gaza spokesman, Abdel-Aziz Rantisi, and a Hamas activist, in which Rantisi’s wife stated, in no uncertain terms, that she would never allow her son to become a shahid [martyr, in this context, suicide bomber].[32] Israeli officials circulated the tape throughout the West Bank and Gaza, much to the Hamas leadership’s embarrassment. In the Iraqi context, such a tactic could be applied effectively in a city like Mosul where residents have noted that almost all insurgents appear to be under twenty years old.[33] The question of why leaders are content to lead the battle from behind at very little risk to themselves or their families is a potent one that may serve to undermine their heroic status in society. Much should be made of the fact that it is working-class youth who are the insurgents’ “cannon fodder.”
A fourth tactic which exposes the insurgent leadership’s human faults would be that used by the Turkish government against Kurdistan Workers Party (PKK) leader Abdullah Öcalan. Following his 1999 capture, Turkish authorities emasculated Öcalan, breaking down his cult status by broadcasting the terrorist leader begging for his life at his trial. Hoping to av
oid a death sentence, Öcalan publicly recanted his terrorist past and appealed to his followers to lay down their arms. This degrading and unnerving exhibition demoralized many of his followers, while heartening his opponents.[34]

A strategy focusing exclusively on the insurgent leadership’s human flaws would likely fall short, however. In times of crisis, societies have a tendency to rally around their leaders, even if it is obvious that it was they who brought about the crisis in the first place. Toward the end of World War II, for example, German prisoners of war refused to pin responsibility for Germany’s defeat on Nazi leader Adolf Hitler.[35] Likewise, Palestinian leader Yasir Arafat’s standing in Palestinian society rose following the second intifada, despite the resulting heavy loss of life, devastating economic damage, and failure to achieve political goals. In such cases, it is necessary before attacking a leader’s policies or belief systems to first destroy his reputation and standing in society, exposing all his human flaws and follies. At a later stage, this could include his actual demonization.

Three additional psychological operation strategies are more positive and seek to precipitate a cultural revolution in Iraq, which, while once among the most secular of Arab states, nevertheless, was severely isolated by thirty-five years of dictatorship and more than two decades of war and sanctions. The first strategy is inspired by Galileo (1564-1642), who on several occasions gained the upper hand over the church by juxtaposing scientific knowledge with church doctrine.[36] As such, the U.S. embassy should use its influence to maintain secular control over Iraq’s education system. The willingness on the part of some State Department officials to enable figures from the Islamist Da‘wa party to take the Ministry of Education portfolio was wrong-headed although fortunately reversed. Honoring religion does not mean losing a sense of proportion, and championing accepted scientific fact or initiating a religious debate is certainly not a mark of disrespect. In practical terms, this tactic calls for raising the scientific standards in Iraqi universities. Modernization is not only an intellectual process, though; to succeed, it must incorporate elements of economic development and political education.

Two tactics integrate this mix. The “Coca-Cola” method builds upon the tactic utilized successfully by the ubiquitous Coca-Cola ads, celebrating youth, affluence, and good fortune, which appeal to a wide range of cultures. The “Coca-Cola” psychological tactic’s goal is to acquaint the average Iraqi with the good life as afforded by Western civilization. This notion might be passed on indirectly by means of commercials and other visual tools to allow viewers to conclude for themselves the advantages of embracing Western values. In a country suffering from acute shortages, pictures of well-dressed families sitting down to dinner in a well-equipped kitchen can send a strong subliminal message. While many of the 9-11 hijackers came from middle class families, a large number of suicide bombers who have struck in Israel have come from underprivileged backgrounds.[37] Anecdotal evidence suggests that many Iraqi insurgents come from poorer, more dispossessed portions of the population. Hope can be an antidote.

Coalition officials might also employ the “Tartuffe” tactic. Taken from the title of one of Jean-Baptiste Molière’s better-known comedies, the “Tartuffe” tactic uses humor, wit, and ridicule to make its point. The insurgents often mock the United States, its military ineptness, its gauche, hedonistic culture, and its beliefs and values. There is no reason why Washington cannot do the same. Accordingly, it should depict the insurgents and their agenda not only as vicious, frightening, and wicked but also as risible, ludicrous, and preposterous. In 1993, the Egyptian government launched a psychological operations campaign to combat its growing Islamist insurgency. A key part of the campaign was the film Al-Irhabi (The Terrorist), which satirized uneducated terrorist recruits and their Machiavellian masters.[38] While Iraqis complained about the dullness of the U.S.-funded Al-Iraqiya television programming, Saad al-Bazzaz, a former Baathist journalist who lost favor with Saddam after the 1991 Kuwait war and founded an opposition paper in London, with far less funding, created Iraq’s most successful channel, Ash-Sharqiya, by stressing satire. Likewise, National Iranian Television (NITV), a station run by Iranian exiles in California used the Tartuffe tactic to great effect. Airing programs that mocked various Shi‘ite individuals, NITV won a large audience in Iran.[39]

While sophisticated, state-of-the-art techniques have their place in psychological operations, old-fashioned methods can be just as effective. Pamphlets, cartoons, slogans, and graffiti are all powerful instruments, all the more so when they cannot be tied directly to the U.S. government.

ConclusionsPsychological warfare has many virtues. It can save lives by encouraging an orderly surrender. Its tactics are far cheaper than conventional warfare. Most importantly, by bolstering the army’s morale while undermining that of the enemy, it can influence the outcome of the war. As insurgents rely on psychological operations to win their wars, effective countermeasures are imperative. Not only are there a number of defensive psychological operation countermeasures that can blunt the sting of the insurgency, but offensive steps can also undermine enemy morale.

Perhaps the great obstacle to a successful psychological campaign in the Middle East has been the West’s reluctance to indulge in what many deride as propaganda.[40] This reluctance, together with the tendency to equate psychological operations with psychological conditioning, dates back to the aftermath of World War II and the realization of the degree to which Joseph Goebbels’ propaganda machine brainwashed German society. If used irresponsibly and recklessly, psychological operations can conflict with Western values such as freedom of thought. But it would be equally irresponsible to cast aside the benefits of psychological measures, especially in times of war. Around the world, insurgents have found the combination of low-intensity military action and political maneuvers coupled with sophisticated psychological techniques to be a winning formula. Regrettably, the West either underrates or wields halfheartedly such psychological techniques. Critics may complain that psychological warfare contradicts Western mores, but killing people, the norm in conventional warfare, is a far sharper deviation from Western values. Successful psychological operations, by persuading people to change their outlook, can at best cut wars short and at worst limit the war to one waged against a few hard-core fanatics. In both cases, it serves to prevent unnecessary loss of human life. Faced with insurgents intent on mayhem and Islamists bent on dictatorship and jihad, the West cannot afford to act like Mother Teresa. If Washington continues to pursue a timid, moral policy, it will suffer defeat at the hands of its Iraqi and Islamic opponents, initiating an even greater threat to the West and its values of freedom, individual liberty, and human rights.

Ron Schleifer lectures on information warfare and the Middle East at Bar Ilan University and at the Israeli Defense Force Tactical Command College.

[1] “Al-Qaida on the Fall of Baghdad, Guerilla Warfare: ‘Is the Most Powerful Weapon Muslims Have, and It Is the Best,'” Al-Nidaa (Al-Qaeda website), quoted in Special Dispatch Series—No. 493, Middle East Media Research Institute (MEMRI), Apr. 11, 2003.[2] Amin Saikal, The Rise and Fall of the Shah (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1980), p. 38.[3] Hanan Ashrawi, “Palestinians Will Maintain Their Integrity,” opening address, The World Conference against Racism, Racial Discrimination, Xenophobia, and Related Intolerance, Durban, South Africa, Aug.
30, 2001.[4] The Independent (London), Apr. 11, 2004.[5] FM-33 1-5 Psychological Operations [PSYOP] (Washington D.C.: U.S. Army, 1995), pp. 2:3-2:5. The manual is currently being updated.[6] FM 41-10 Civil Affairs Operations (Washington D.C.: Headquarters, Department of the Army, Jan. 1993), pp. i-iii.[7] Joint Pub 1-02, Department of Defense Dictionary of Military and Associated Terms (Washington, D.C.: Department of Defense, Apr. 12, 2001), p. 436.[8] “Causes of 9/11: A Clash of Civilizations?” Council on Foreign Relations, 2004, accessed Apr. 20, 2005.[9] BBC News, Feb. 20, 2002.[10] CNN.com, Jan. 27, 2005.[11] Agence France-Presse, Feb. 24, 2003.[12] “Radio Tikrit,” Radio Netherlands Media Network, accessed Mar. 30, 2005.[13] Philip P. Katz, “Intelligence for PSYOP,” in Ron D. McLaurin, Military Propaganda: Psychological Warfare and Operations (New York: Praeger, 1982), pp. 121-40.[14] Geert Hofstede, Culture’s Consequences: Comparing Values, Behaviors, Institutions, and Organizations across Nations, 2nd ed. (Thousand Oaks, Calif.: Sage Publications, 2003), pp. 17-9.[15] Allison Gilmore, You Can’t Fight Tanks with Bayonets—Psychological Warfare against the Japanese Army in the Southwest Pacific (Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 1998), pp. 36-70.[16] The Washington Post, May 20, 2004.[17] Associated Press, Dec. 28, 2004.[18] “King Abdullah II: Iraq Is the Battleground—the West against Iran,” Middle East Quarterly, Winter 2005, pp. 73-80.[19] Times Online (London), May 27, 2003.[20] The New York Times, Jan. 24, 2005.[21] William A. Rugh, comments on Radio Sawa and al-Hurra television, testimony before the Senate Foreign Relations Committee, 108th Congress, 2nd sess., Apr. 29, 2004.[22] See for example, National War Aims Committee, Right and Might (K 88/1701), Our United War Aims (K 88/1710), Four Questions to Women (K 33304), The Imperial War Museum Archives, London.[23] Michael Rubin, “The Fallujah Problem,” NationalReviewOnline, June 25, 2004.[24] MSNBC News, Jan. 7, 2002.[25] Latelinenews.com, Jan. 15, 2005.[26] C.M. Aherne, New Catholic Encyclopedia, vol. XIII (New York: McGraw Hill, 1967) p. 1025.[27] Ronen Bergman, Harashut Netuna (Tel Aviv: Miskal-Yediot Ahronot, 2002), pp. 111-77.[28] Voice of America News, Tehran, Mar. 2, 2004.[29] Michael Rubin, “Green Money, Islamist Politics in Turkey,” Middle East Quarterly, Winter 2005, pp. 13-23.[30] Turkish Daily News, Mar. 31, 2005.[31] Amir Taheri, The Spirit of Allah (London: Hutchinson, 1985), p. 134.[32] Ha’aretz (Tel Aviv), Aug. 2, 2002.[33] The Independent (London), Nov. 9, 2004.[34] CNN.com, June 1, 1999.[35] Daniel Lerner, Psychological Warfare against Nazi Germany: The Sky War Campaign, D-Day to VE Day (Cambridge: MIT Press, 1949), p. 178; Nachman Tal, Imut Mi’bayit (Tel Aviv: Tel Aviv University Press, 1999), p. 148.[36] Wade Rowland, Galileo’s Mistake: A New Look at the Epic Confrontation between Galileo and the Church (New York: Arcade Publishing, 2001), p. 197.[37] Daniel Pipes, “God and Mammon: Does Poverty Cause Militant Islam?” National Interest, Winter 2002.[38] The Observer (London), Apr. 24, 1994.[39] Nir T. Boms, “The Power of the Dish and the War of Ideas,” IranianVoice.org, Aug. 1, 2003.[40] The Washington Post, Mar. 30, 2003.

Posted in Uncategorized | 3 Comments

Kurdistan, Iraq, Fr. Jean-Juste


1) A Republican-affiliated PR firm is now going to convince the US public that Kirkuk is indeed Kurdish (actually, it’s historically mixed between Kurds, Turkmen, Arabs, and other smaller groups and never had a majority population) and that the Kurds are the best friends the US could ever have in the region. This is just like that DC PR firm in 1990 who orchestrated the Congressional testimonies by the Kuwaiti ambassador’s daughter claiming that Iraqi troops pulled the plugs on infants on incubators in a Kuwaiti hospital — a story that later (ie after the war was over and the story was no longer needed for propaganda purposes) turned out to be completely fabricated:

POLITICS-US/IRAQ:
The Selling of Brand Kurdistan
Bill Berkowitz

OAKLAND, California, Aug 1 (IPS) – As chaos continues across much of Iraq, the governing authority is coming to yet another crossroads.

Inside the Green Zone — the location of the U.S. Embassy and major Iraqi government offices — officials are struggling to forge an acceptable constitution by the August deadline. Outside the relative safety of that enclave, the insurgency continues apace as demonstrated by daily suicide bombings and civilian casualties.
While the Shiite leaders of the government are negotiating deals and solidifying ties with Iran, and the Sunnis remain mostly disaffected from the political process, the Kurds appear to have mastered a dual strategy of participating in government decisions while at the same time, taking matters regarding their future into their own hands.

The generally efficient, if questionable, electoral process not only turned out large numbers of voters, but it also allowed Kurdish leader, Jalal Talabani, to be selected as the country’s president, insuring close participation by the Kurds in all important government deliberations.

In a parallel strategic track, however, the Kurdish Regional Government appears to be keeping its options open, recently hiring Russo Marsh & Rogers (RM&R;) — a Sacramento, California-based public relations firm with close ties to the Republican Party — to promote its interests.

Many political observers believe that the future of Iraq may see a full-blown civil war or possible partition. Investigative reporter Seymour Hersh recently wrote in The New Yorker magazine that a United Nations official involved in the elections told him: ”The election was not an election but a referendum on ethnic and religious identity. For the Kurds, voting was about self-determination.”

”Our job” with the Kurds, RM&R;’s Joe Wierzbicki told IPS, ”is to carry out a public relations campaign that will thank the American people for supporting the war in Iraq, and encourage Americans to visit and invest in the Kurdish region.”

The project has not yet gotten underway and it is unclear how long the contract will actually run. ”It’s a short-term thing because they don’t know how long the public relations campaign might go,” Wierzbicki said.
RM&R; took on this work, he said, because ”of all the different groups in Iraq that have a vision for the future, the vision of the Kurds is closest to ours. It’s important to recognise that the Kurds are not hostile to the West.”

In addition, ”their vision, belief system and values — they’ve had a democratic system in place for a while — parallel ours.”

No doubt, it’s ”a very messy situation over there and the country is trying to figure out its future. The Kurds would like the rest of country to look at the Kurdish region and see it as a model for the rest of the country.”
Wierzbicki quickly added that they are definitely ”not advocating an independent Kurdistan.”
The ”war on terror” has been good to Russo Marsh & Rogers. Shortly after 9/11, it supported a brief, but nasty, campaign to unseat California Representative Barbara Lee, after she had cast the lone Congressional vote against giving Pres. George W. Bush a blank cheque to pursue his war on international terrorism.
Lee, who received numerous death threats and received special condemnatory attention from David Horowitz’s Centre for the Study of Popular Culture, was challenged by former Green Party State Assemblywoman Audie Bock.

With the support of RM&R;, Bock came out of the box with the campaign slogan, ”It’s OK to Love America.” Completely misjudging the electorate in the Ninth District, a district that was represented by Ron Dellums, the longtime voice for anti-militarism and social justice, Bock’s campaign came to a crashing halt in short order.

Before Russo Marsh & Rogers finalised the deal with the Kurds, it had other business in Iraq to attend to: handling the publicity for the ”Truth Tour,” a seven-day carefully calibrated trip to Iraq by a group of conservative radio talk-show hosts that was intended to spread the ”good news” about what is happening on the ground.

The tour was organised by Move America Forward (MAF), an organisation that, according to the Washington Post, owes much of its existence to the good offices of Russo Marsh & Rogers. The Office of Media Outreach, a taxpayer-funded publicity arm of the Department of Defence, also sponsored the tour.

Move America Forward describes itself as ”a non-profit, non-partisan organisation dedicated to preserving our American heritage of freedom and liberty.”

Its website pointed out that the purpose of the ”Truth Tour” was ”to report the good news on Operation Iraqi Freedom you’re not hearing from the old line news media….to get the news straight from our troops serving in Operation Iraqi Freedom, including the positive developments and successes they are achieving.”

Wierzbicki said that from ”the very beginning,” MAF was the project of Howard Kaloogian, a former California State Assemblyman, and Melanie Morgan, the co-host of a morning show on KSFO-AM in San Francisco, and that Sal Russo, the founder of Russo Marsh & Rogers, ”helped set it in motion.”

Wierzbicki allowed that RM&R; has done ”all of the [group’s] public relations stuff, press releases, and radio and television ads that have been aired to date.”

Move America Forward is currently soliciting contributions to run an advertising campaign called ”Tortured Words,” a commercial aimed at countering Illinois Democratic Senator Dick Durbin’s recent criticism of the conditions at the Guantanamo Bay prison camp in Cuba. MAF intends to run the ads on ”major broadcast affiliates (NBC, ABC, CBS, Fox) throughout Senator Durbin’s home state of Illinois.”

In June 2004, eager to discredit Michael Moore’s award-winning documentary ”Fahrenheit 9/11” before it hit the movie theaters, Russo Marsh & Rogers collaborated with MAF to lead a campaign that urged its supporters to ”Stop Michael Moore” by taking ”action against the release of his anti-American movie Fahrenheit 9/11.”

Russo Marsh & Rogers’ web site claims that, ”When it comes to winning elections, few firms can match à (its) success.”

By its own accounts, its record is impressive. It maintains that it devised the campaign strategy that allowed George Pataki, ”a little known State Senator” from Peekskill, New York to defeat New York’s Governor Mario Cuomo.

RM&R; also ”was hired by the California Republican Party to help salvage a sagging campaign to pass Proposition 209, the California Civil Rights Initiative (also known as the anti-affirmative action initiative) à. (and) in the weeks leading up to Election Dayà. (it) produced an advertising campaign which saved the initiative.”

RM&R;’s Wierzbicki was circumspect about exactly which issues his firm would be handling. But according to O’Dwyer’s PR Daily, one of the chief goals of Kurdish leaders is ”the return of Kirkuk,” an oil-rich northern Iraqi city populated by Kurdish and Turkmen people.

The struggle over Kirkuk could precipitate a major conflict within Iraq. The public relations campaign’s launch date could come as soon as later this summer or could be put off until the fall, Wierzbicki said, and the campaign will would likely feature television and print advertisements.

*Bill Berkowitz is a longtime observer of the conservative movement. His WorkingForChange column ”Conservative Watch” documents the strategies, players, institutions, victories and defeats of the U.S. Right. (END/2005)

2) These three postings come courtesy of Voices in the Wilderness, an anti-war group that originated in the fight against Iraqi sanctions in the 90’s (which should have been lifted by 1995 at the latest, and which is yet another grounds for an Iraqi government compensation suit against the US government):

Iraq Health and Infrastructure Digest #11A compilation of 9 articles covering a wide range of issues facing people in Iraq. Summaries are given as well as the full, or relevant portion of the articles. Digest by David Smith-Ferri, Voices in the Wilderness
http://vitw.org/archives/968

A Letter from Monica BendermanThe Army has found Sgt. Kevin Benderman not guilty of Desertion, but guilty of Missing Movement, and has sentenced him to 15 months confinement, reduction in rank, loss of pay and dishonorable discharge.
http://vitw.org/archives/969

7/7: WHY? IRAQJustice Not Vengeance (JNV) Anti-War Briefing 84A summary of the evidence linking the London bombings with the ongoing war in Iraq (and British foreign policy in general). Evidence from British intelligence, the British public, the bombers themselves.
http://www.j-n-v.org/AW_briefings/JNV_briefing084.htm

3) This is a testimonial by an Iraq veteran about his experiences in Iraq:

http://mathaba.net/0_index.shtml?x=297326

4) This is a policy release by Khalilzad, the US Ambassador to Baghdad. Nothing new here:

Success for Iraq

By Zalmay Khalilzad1,118 words
3 August 2005
The Asian Wall Street Journal
A7English(c) 2005 Dow Jones & Company, Inc.
To see the edition in which this article appeared, click here http://awsj.com.hk/factiva-ns

While Iraq has elected a transitional government and is making progress in drafting a constitution, it faces a clever and brutal terrorist threat, and the profound challenge of overcoming the political, social and economic legacy of Saddam Hussein’s rule. In the past 10 days, I have discussed with Iraqi leaders a set of ideas about what is needed to set Iraq on the right trajectory. We have agreed on seven points.

— First, Iraq needs a “national compact” enshrined in its constitution. One of the biggest challenges facing Iraqis is overcoming the loss of trust among its communities. This underlies current political and sectarian tensions. In part, it underlies the insurgency. Fostering hatred was central to Saddam’s rule. His was a personal tyranny, rooted in a narrow clique, not in a wider community. To overcome this dark legacy, Iraqis need to build bridges, not burn them. Individuals who committed crimes should be punished, but no community should be marginalized because of the deeds of Saddam.

This process of forging a national compact begins with an agreement on a new constitution; but it does not end there. If Iraq is to succeed, it needs to build truly national institutions. Iraq’s institutions were corrupted by Saddam and destroyed at the end of the war. Building them anew is not easy. It is vital that Iraqis build institutions that all communities can have confidence in — that are not instruments of revenge or fiefdoms of patronage of one group or another.

— Second, the Iraqi government and the Coalition will work together to isolate and defeat the terrorists and Baathists who want the restoration of the old regime. The enemies of Iraq are the terrorists led by Zarqawi and hardcore Baathists, who seek to pull more Iraqis into their networks. Choosing this path would be fatal decision for Iraqis in central and western Iraq. Protracted violence would lead their most talented people to go abroad, destroy educational opportunities for their children, make reconstruction difficult, and create fertile ground for an extremism that would impoverish the region.

There is a legitimate alternative: joining in a national compact enshrined in a constitution that protects the rights of all communities. The U.S. is committed to supporting Iraqis who seek to realize this vision. Many in central and western Iraq want to have a place in the new Iraq, and are seeking a political role at great risk to themselves. Some have lost their lives in this cause. America should pay homage to the Iraqis who were recently killed because they were working on the constitution.

Our strategy is to work through political means to mobilize the people of central and western Iraq to support the new democratic order. We will embrace those in this region who choose to join in the national compact, and will work to provide security for them. At the same time, the U.S. is working with the Iraqi government to build up Iraqi security forces. These are growing in numbers and becoming more capable. With the cooperation of the people and with more robust Iraqi forces, the Iraqi government and the U.S. will use highly targeted military force to capture or eliminate the terrorists who irreconcilably oppose the new order.
This is a strategy first to win over the people, and then isolate and destroy the enemy. As we implement this, the Coalition will hand over control of specific areas to Iraqi forces and withdraw its units from these areas. After this transfer occurs in more and more areas, there will be a smaller need for Coalition forces and elements of the Multi-National Force will leave Iraq.

— Third, the U.S. and the Iraqi government are seeking to encourage the region’s leaders to address problems in a new cooperative spirit and to pressure those who continue to foment instability. Some neighbors are engaged in unhelpful activities. Terrorists are moving into Iraq through Syria. Leaders of Baathist insurgents reside there. Terrorists and insurgents are trained in, and funded through, Syria. Syrian government media broadcasts anti-Iraq propaganda. The Syrian government must take action to halt these activities or risk new pressure.

Iran is working along two contradictory tracks. On the one hand, Tehran works with the new Iraq. On the other, there is movement across its borders of people and materiel used in violent acts. The U.S. welcomes good relations between Iraq and all its neighbors, but activities inconsistent with such relations must stop.
— Fourth, the U.S. will work with the Iraqi government to improve the capacity of Iraqi ministries. The U.S. is supporting projects to rebuild an infrastructure that was collapsing under Saddam. It will also work with Iraqi ministries to ensure that they have the capacity to operate and manage these projects as they come on line. In cooperation with the government, the U.S. is also decentralizing part of the reconstruction effort by working with provincial governments to fund projects that meet local priorities.

— Fifth, we will seek to increase economic opportunity. Not enough emphasis has been placed on developing the private sector. The U.S. will work with Iraqi political and business leaders to do more, including expansion of credit, increasing the use of Iraqi contractors in reconstruction, and opposing corruption.

— Sixth, the U.S. will work with the Iraqi government to set the conditions for a successful election — with full participation of all communities. We are seeing positive signs,
as groups that did not participate in the elections in January gear up for the next round. The U.S. and the Iraqi government will develop an integrated plan for election security. We will cooperate on a multilateral basis with the U.N. and other friends of Iraq to facilitate election planning and logistics.

— Seventh, I will be engaging across the board to assist the Iraqi government to achieve our common objectives and mobilize more support by other countries. The leaders of Iraq and I have agreed on a new way of working, in which all our efforts are integrated. We have launched five joint task forces to move forward on key issues, including efforts to implement joint plans on overall security, coordinating reconstruction, managing fiscal demands, infrastructure security, and resolving detainee issues. Iraqis need help during this period of transition. The U.S. has taken up this challenge. At the same time, we will work with other countries in order to expand the numbers that are major stakeholders in building the new Iraq. Success for Iraq is
success for the U.S. — and, indeed, for the world.

—

Mr. Khalilzad is the U.S. ambassador to Iraq

6) This is an appeal on behalf of Fr. Jean-Juste, the “MLK of Haiti”:

Take 5 Minutes to Save a Life: Campaign to DeliverLetters to US Ambassador in Haiti to Free Fr.Jean-Juste [please take action and forward]

We are asking people and groups to send a letter (andto ask your friends to send a letter too) asking thatthe United States Embassy do everything in its powerto persuade the unelected Haitian government releaseFr. Gerard Jean-Juste from prison in Haiti. BillQuigley, a law professor in the US and a volunteerlawyer for Fr. Jean-Juste with the Institute forJustice and Democracy in Haiti, will hand-deliver allletters to the US Embassy in Port au Prince. Pleasetake 5 minutes to do this, and ask others to do it aswell – it could save his life.

It can be a simple letter or a long letter, butplease write it, on your letterhead if possible, andmail it to:
U. S. Ambassador to Haiti, James B. Foley c/o and Professor Bill Quigley Loyola University Law School 7214 St. Charles Avenue, Box 902 New Orleans, LA 70118
or send a fax with your name and address or on yourletterhead c/o Bill Quigley 504.861.5440
sample letter:

Dear Ambassador Foley: Please have the US do everything in its powerfor the immediate release of Fr. Gerard Jean-Juste. Fr. Jean-Juste has been identified as a politicalprisoner by Amnesty International and other HumanRights groups. I know the US has power to influencethe unelected Haitian government – please use thatpower to free Fr. Jean-Juste and to cease allpolitical persecution of him. Thank you, name and address

Bill Quigley will hand-deliver these letters to theEmbassy in Port au Prince. If you include your email,we will notify you when your letters are delivered andsend you other information about human rights in Haitiif you would like.

Additional information about the assault on Fr.Jean-Juste in church in Haiti and his arrest and hisstatus as a prisoner of conscience by AmnestyInternational can be found at http://www.ijdh.org andAmnesty report designating him as POC: http://www.commondreams.org/news2005/0726-01.htm Human Rights First Campaign to free JJ: http://action.humanrightsfirst.org/campaign/Jean_Juste/explanation? Common Dreams article about assault at church andarrest: http://www.commondreams.org/headlines05/0722-08.htm
Peace, Bill Quigley

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